Mavoti zigawo Russian mawu a moyo ndi ndalama chikoka

Masiku ano, kuposa kale, kutchuka kwa masanjidwe osiyana a mayiko ndi mizinda. Ndi thandizo lawo, mukhoza kupeza mndandanda wa mizinda ya ku Russia imene ndi moyo wabwino ndi ntchito, kupeza zinthu zachilengedwe kapena kumvetsa chimene mzinda wokongola malonda, ndi zimene kuopsa ndinu wamkulu. Mu phunziro lililonse, nkhani zolakwa ndi zolakwika, kotero kuphunzira aliyense m'mabuku ayenera kumvetsa gulu lililonse, magawo ndi kuwunika bwanji malo a mzinda tebulo.

Njira masanjidwe kupanga

Njira kupanga m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana mavoti ndi zotsatira za maphunziro, malingana ndi njira osankhidwa zingasiyane ndi zosiyana enieni.

Mavoti ali analemba m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• pamaziko a kafukufuku maganizo ndi mavoti;
• zochokera kusanthula deta zowerengera pa muyezo mwachindunji, akatswiri;
• pophunzitsa.

zimayambitsa kwambiri kukhulupirira mavoti, analemba mu njira kuphatikiza, chifukwa iwo kuganizira onse maganizo ndi maganizo a anthu a mzinda, dera ndi dziko, ndi zotsatira za muyezo kusanthula Akatswiri ntchito ndi maganizo a anthu.

Pokambirana ndi mlingo makamaka, muyenera kulabadira yemwe iye anali ndi zimene amagwiritsa ntchito. Wamkulu chidaliro mwa zotsatira kupereka kutchula zinthu payekha. Mwachitsanzo, mabungwe akatswiri ntchito ndi maganizo a anthu, monga RosStat kapena Utumiki wa Development Economic.

Pakali pano, pali zoikamo kafukufuku ambiri kutulutsa phindu chiweruzo pa mizinda ndi zigawo zina za Russia.

mitundu mavoti

mndandanda ena analemba zolinga zenizeni ndi zolinga za phunzirolo. Ndi kuvomereza tizingwe anayamba kuphunzira zosatheka. Nthawi zambiri, mlingo wa zigawo Russian anapereka nkhani zotsatirazi kufufuza:

• pa muyezo wa moyo ;
• mlingo wa udindo umoyo ndi zachuma za nzika za la Russia;
• chitukuko cha sayansi mu zigawo Russian;
• msika ntchito zigawo;
• mlingo wa chikoka ndalama ;
• zinthu zachilengedwe m'madera a Russia.

Pakuti aliyense wa mlingo mu tebulo wapadera, pamene wina akhoza kuona deta leni aliyense wa madera kuphunzira ndi kumvetsa zinthu ziti udindo waukulu ku malangizo lomwe, ndipo amene ali utsalira ndi zimene magawo. Mavoti zigawo Russian mu mawu a moyo , msika ntchito ndi deta zina zofufuzira kawirikawiri lofalitsidwa pa malo cha boma.

Opindula ndi akunja

Aliyense derali kupikisana kukhala zabwino zonse, koma N'zosatheka. Ndipo malinga ndi muyezo osiyana woyamba ndi kusintha malo otsiriza zosiyana.

Economic mlingo m'madera Russian (malinga RIA "Muyezo") pa chiyambi cha 2016 zikuphatikizapo 85 zinthu. Kutsogolera udindo pa udindo umoyo ndi zachuma za nzika za la Russia amatenga Moscow, mu malo lachiwiri - likulu kumpoto kwa Russia. Malo anayi omaliza anatitenga: Respublika Altay, ndi Republic of Ingushetia Ayuda Autonomous Oblast ndi Republic of Tyva.

Pa mlingo wa ntchito, chizindikiro cha zigawo Russian molimba akutsegula amagwira likulu, ndi mkulu mlingo wa ulova analembedwa Republic Chechen, Dagestan ndi Kalmykia.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa chuma banja mu Russia pamwamba atatu awa: Yamalo-Nenets, Chukotka ndi likulu. M'munsi mlingo mlingo ali wotanganidwa Ivanovo dera, Republic of Dagestan, dera Pskov dera.

mlingo zachilengedwe

Mu Russia, komanso dziko lonse lapansi, ambiri mwa mavuto kugwirizana ndi kusamala zachilengedwe. Makamaka mbali zina za dziko, kumene makampani olemera, ndiponso kumene ncho mchere. Mpweya mu mlengalenga ndi nthaka ndi bwino osati kuchita dzikoli bwino ndi anthu ake.

mlingo Environmental m'madera Russian ukufanizidwa ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana, pali ngakhale wotchuka mapu zachilengedwe nkhani RF, kumene pa mapu a dziko mwatsatanetsatane ndi losavuta kumvetsa ndi chimakwirira zigawo zonse za mlingo wa kuipitsidwa. Malinga ndi Russian gulu onse "Green Oyang'anira", ndi udindo waukulu mu mfundo za zachilengedwe ku Russia zatenga Tambov dera, Respublika Altay ndi Altai Gawo. Akunja mu mndandanda kuphatikizapo: Norilsk, Leningrad, Sverdlovsk ndi Chelyabinsk zigawo.

nzeru mlingo

kusanja Izi ndi chinyezimiro cha malo a chitukuko cha sayansi, maphunziro ndi kumayambiriro umisiri wamakono mu zigawo. siteji apamwamba moyenerera zatenga mbali zina za dziko limene ntchito sayansi bwino akupangidwa ambiri Laboratories latsopano kafukufuku, mabungwe, kumene, mabungwe maphunziro apamwamba.

Mavoti m'madera nzeru ya Russia (malinga Russian Association of Zigawo nzeru) zikuphatikizapo zigawo 83, kuphunzira zimene zinachitikadi 23 zizindikiro. Mwa zizindikiro potengera: udindo wa ntchito ya sayansi, chilengedwe ndi kukhazikitsa zaluso, chitukuko mayunivesite ndi zikhalidwe umoyo ndi zachuma.

Mndandanda wa mizinda ya ku Russia ndi m'madera mayiko zigawo, anazindikira ngati innovators wamphamvu mu 2016, tichipeza: Moscow, St. Petersburg, dziko la Tatarstan ndi dera Nizhny Novgorod. innovators ofooka anazindikira mabungwe otsatirawa: a Nenets Autonomous District, ndi Republic of Ingushetia ndi Republic Chechen.
Pali Association wapadera m'madera nzeru ya Russia, amene amathandiza ndi kulimbikitsa gawo lino. Mothandizidwa ndi gulu zachitika nzeru e-khadi Russia, kunyezimiritsa onse mlingo deta mu Russia. khadi ulipo kwa onse chidwi chuma cha boma cha Association.

Investment mlingo

Investment mlingo m'madera Russian amasonyeza udindo wa nzika za ku mawu a chikoka chawo pa anthu amalonda komanso akuti akuluakulu a kulenga zinthu yabwino kwa khalidwe bwino zochitika zake, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha malonda ang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe.

Malinga ndi kusanja dziko la Agency wa njira njira, kuphatikizapo kuphunzira 85 nzika, ndi udindo waukulu si chaka choyamba chimakwirira Republic of Tatarstan, ndi kumapeto kwa mndandanda wa pamwamba makumi awiri maadiresi Tambov dera ndi Republic of Bashkortostan.

Mu 2016, mlingo anali wodzilemekeza ndi mabungwe awiri watsopano: la Republic of Crimea ndi Sevastopol.

Mfundo za kusanja kwa 2016 anati mlingo mkulu kukula mwamtheradi chiopsezo ku nkhani zonse. Mwachitsanzo: ogula kufunika kwa deta chawonjezeka ndi 1% mu August 2015, koma anagwa peresenti 4.2 mu 2016. kupanga makampani mabuku komanso anagwa atatu mfundo awiri pa zana.

mlingo uwu m'madera Russian amalola amalonda kuwunika mavuto awo pa siteji ya kulowa mapulani mu chigawo chomwe mufuna ndi chitukuko cha izo.

Mavoti mlingo wa moyo

Kuphunzira miyezo ya moyo latsopano la Russia zikuphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana muyezo, monga mlingo wa chitukuko zomangamanga, ntchito, kuchuluka kwa malipiro, chiŵerengero cha kufunika ndi okwanira.

Ziwerengero amasonyeza mlingo wa umoyo wa anthu a mzinda komanso zimakuthandiza kumvetsa mmene bwino anayamba zomangamanga wa gulu limodzi. Malinga ndi unduna wa Development Economic, mu anayi a mizinda amphamvu anali: Kaliningrad, Krasnodar, Ekaterinburg, Irkutsk. Kutsiriza mizinda pamwamba makumi awiri mu malo dera Makhachkala, Tomsk ndi Surgut.

mavoti ena

Pakali pano, chizindikiro cha zigawo Russian ukufanizidwa ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana osiyana kafukufuku, makamaka zizindikiro zachuma. Koma pali nthawi zina zoseketsa, mitundu ya mavoti. Mwachitsanzo, m'mizinda yambiri alendo mu 2016 anasankhidwa: Sochi, St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. Capital anamuzindikira ngati mzinda zomvetsa chisoni, ndi anthu odala a dziko, ndi kukhala Grozny. Safety wakhala mtsogoleri mu achisangalalo wa Anapa, ndi onse okonda maswiti kubwera ku likulu kumpoto kwa Russia.