Mawotchi nkhawa matupi - tanthauzo ndi chilinganizo katundu wa zolimba

Mu zimene zolimba ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, kusintha angakhalepo - onse mkati ndi kunja. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi mavuto kuwonekera mkati thupi. Izo zimatengera mlingo wa kusintha zotheka vuto la kuwonongeka.

mfundo zofunika mu sayansi

Mawotchi nkhawa - muyeso wa mphamvu mkati mwa chinthu, lomwe limapezeka mchikakamizo cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mapindikidwe imene mphamvu kunja akuyesa kusintha malo ake a particles, ndipo mkati - kulepheretsa ntchitoyi, Kuchepetsa kwa mtengo iliyonse. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti maganizo makina - ndi chotsatira chenicheni cha maganizo pa thupi.

Awiri mitundu ikuluikulu ya nkhawa kuzindikiridwa:

1. Normal - umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo unit wa chigawo mtanda zachilendo kwa iye.
2. Tangent - umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gawo PAD pa tangent kwa izo.

Kuchotsedwa mavuto amenewa akuchita pa nthawi ina, lotchedwa boma maganizo pa mfundo iyi.

Amayezedwa pascals (Pa) kupsyinjika: mawerengedwe chilinganizo ukufanizidwa pansipa

Q = F / S,

Kodi Q -Mechanical nkhawa (Pa), F - mphamvu kwaiye ndi mapindikidwe mkati thupi (H), S - m'dera (mm).

Katundu wa zolimba

Zolimba, monga ena onse, zimakhala ndi ma atomu, koma ndi dongosolo amphamvu kwambiri amene nkomwe amaloŵamo mapindikidwe, i.e. voliyumu ndi mawonekedwe sizisintha. zinthu zimenezi ndi chiwerengero cha wapadera katundu kuti akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Thupi.
2. Mankhwala.

Kwa anthu zotsatirazi:

1. Mawotchi - aziwerenga ndi zotsatira lolingana pa thupi. sichisinthasinthanso akhoza zimachitika katundu awa, fragility, mphamvu, ie, zonse zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zomuthandiza mapindikidwe chifukwa cha zinthu zina.
2. Kutentha - kuphunzira chikoka cha kutentha osiyana pa chinthu. Zikuphatikizapo patsogolo pa Kutentha, matenthedwe madutsidwe, kutentha mphamvu.
3. Magetsi - katundu izi imakhudzana ndi elekitironi zoyenda m'thupi ndi mphamvu yake kusonkhana mu mtsinje analamula pamene chinaperekedwa ku zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo - magetsi madutsidwe.
4. Kuwala - anaphunzira ntchito kuwala fluxes. katundu zikuphatikizapo kuunika chinyezimiro, mayamwidwe mapindidwe akuwala kuwala.
5. Maginito - anatsimikiza ndi kukhalapo kwa mphindi maginito mu zigawo olimba thupi. Kwa iwo, komanso magetsi ndi kuyankha particles zoipa mlandu chifukwa matabwa ake ndi magulu ena.

The katundu mankhwala monga zonse zokhudzana ndi zimene mavuto zinthu zoyenera ndi njira zikuchitika pa izi. Mwachitsanzo - kudzitsitsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Kapangidwe ka kophimba galasi imanenanso kuti katundu izi chinthu.

N'zothekanso kuonetsetsa kagulu ka katundu physicochemical. Izi zikuphatikizapo zimene akuwonetseredwa onse mu makina ndi kukhudzana ndi mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo - kuyaka, imene kusintha kumachitika makhalidwe awiri pamwamba.