Meckel's diverticulum

Meckel's diverticulum, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti leamu diverticulum, ndi ubongo wobadwa nawo wamkati womwe umagwirizanitsa ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino. Osatsegulidwa (osadziwika) amakhalabe gawo lapadera la izo, motero, pakangokhala chingwe pakati pa matumbo ndi phokoso.

Mazira oyambira mazira a Yolk ndi mazira amayamba kugwira ntchito m'masabata oyambirira a thupi la munthu lomwe limatuluka mkati mwa intrauterine. Mwana wakhanda amadyetsa kupyolera muyamba yoyamba, chifukwa imagwirizanitsa yolk sac ndi matumbo a mwana, ndipo kudzera mumtsinje wachiwiri umathamangira ku amniotic fluid. Pakati pa miyezi yachitatu kapena yachisanu ya moyo wa intrauterine, kusintha kwawo kumakhalako, - yolk, pang'onopang'ono kukhala atrophy, amasandulika kukhala pakati.

Ngati zolephera zina zakhala zikuchitika mwa njira yosinthira, pang'onopang'ono, malingana ndi mlingo wa kusungidwa kwa njira yosagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso malo omwe ali ndi vutoli:

• Fistula yodzaza kapena yosakwanira;
• Meckelian diverticulum;
• Enterokristoma.

Cholakwika ichi chinapezeka m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 1800 ndi Johann Friedrich Meckel, Jr., anatomist wa ku Germany wochokera mumzinda wa Halle.

Iye anafotokoza kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ing'onoing'ono ya m'mimba:

• Zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zokhazokha za mucosa, yomwe ili pambali ya mesenteric;
• Chowonadi diverticulum, congenital, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zonse za khoma ndikusiya antiseizenterially.

Diverticulum wa m'mimba mwaching'ono amagawidwa motere:

Pofika pakupitirira kwa dala:

1) imatsegulidwa kwathunthu;

2) kutseguka pang'ono:

- ngati kuchokera kumbali ya matumbo, ndiye diverticulum wa Meckel;

- ngati kuchokera ku phokoso, ndiye omphalocele;

- Ngati mkati, ndiye enterokristoma.

3) watseka kwathunthu.

Pa mitundu yonse yomwe ili pamwambayi, Meckel's diverticulum imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuposa ena, mu 70%, komanso, kuyambira 1% mpaka 4 peresenti ya anthu onse. Ndipo mwa amuna amapezeka mu 2, ndipo ngati ali ndi mavuto, ndiye nthawi zambiri kuposa akazi. Amayi makumi asanu ndi atatu aliwonse amapezeka mwa ana osapitirira khumi, ena onse - achinyamata osachepera makumi atatu. A divereculum a Meckel mu milandu khumi ndi iwiri ya milandu akuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zina za chitukuko, koma zochitika za m'banja sizikutsimikiziridwa.

Kutalika kwake kumakhala pakati pa masentimita awiri kapena atatu, kukula kwake ndi 1 masentimita, ndipo pamtunda - masentimita 26, mozama ngati chala ndi yopapatiza ngati ndondomeko ya mphutsi. Mu mawonekedwe akufanana ndi silinda kapena cone. Kawirikawiri Meckel's diverticulum ili pamtunda wosiyana ndi mbali ya ileum, yosagwirizana. Kuchuluka kwa mtunda kuchokera kumka ku Bauginium amamera kuchokera 40 mpaka 50 cm, amatha kulumikizidwa ku minofu yolumikizana ndi khomo la m'mimba, mitsempha kapena m'mimba.

Kachilombo, nthawi zambiri, sichiwonetseredwa konse, koma chimapezeka makamaka pakapita ntchito pamimba pamimba chifukwa cha zifukwa zina kapena pakakhala zovuta.

Matendawa amatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wa X-ray pogwiritsira ntchito barium sulphate kuimitsidwa monga wosiyana. Ultrasound ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati imodzi mwa njira zothandizira. Palinso njira yapadera yofufuza - radioisotope scintigraphy pogwiritsa ntchito technetium 99. Kutuluka kuchokera kwa Meckel's diverticulum, matendawa amayamba pogwiritsa ntchito arteriography.

Ntchito yothandizira, ngati ikakhala yochepa, njira yochotseramo imafanana ndi momwe apendectomy imagwirira ntchito. Koma pambali ya diverticulum yambiri ndi mitsementi, yomalizayo ndi bandaged, kuwoloka, ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito zofewa m'mimba zamkati, diverticulum inachotsedwa. Kenaka chilonda cha m'matumbo ndi m'mimba m'mimba zimagwedezeka .

Ndipo kodi diverticulosis ndi chiyani?

Uwu ndiwo thupi la thupi lomwe limapangidwa m'matumbo ambiri, kutanthauza kuti, maonekedwe ambiri a mtundu wa sacular omwe amalankhulana ndi chingwe cha colon (nthawi zambiri mu duodenum). Amaoneka kuchipatala pokhapokha ngati akuvutika, amachizidwa opaleshoni.