Mikangano zakuthupi: amafuna kusankha

MwaukadauloZida kupanga zida ali ndi kapangidwe ndi zovuta. Mikangano njira yofalitsira zoyenda mwa mikangano. Zimakhala zowalamulira, clamps, mabuleki ndi unclenching.

Kuti zipangizo ndi cholimba, ukugwira ntchito popanda downtime, zipangizo wake atapereka amafuna wapadera. Akukulira zonse. Pambuyo makina onse ndi zida ndi zonse zilibwino. Kuonjezera mphamvu zawo, liwiro opaleshoni ndipo katundu. Choncho, zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mikangano ntchito mu ndondomeko ya ntchito zawo. khalidwe lawo zimadalira kudalirika ndi durability zida. Nthawi zina, zinthu izi za kachitidwe zimadalira chitetezo ndi miyoyo ya anthu.

makhalidwe General

Mikangano zipangizo - ndi zinthu yofunika ya misonkhano asilikali amene sachedwa kutengera mphamvu mawotchi ndi dissipate kuti pamalo a. Choncho zinthu zonse kapangidwe ayenera zisathe mwamsanga. Chifukwa chaichi, zipangizo anapereka adzatenga katundu wina.

The koyefishienti wa mikangano zakuthupi mikangano ayenera kukhala wolimba ndi mkulu. durability index ali kunatanthauzanso kukomana ndi zofunikira ntchito. zinthuzi ndi bwino kutentha kukana ndi si atengeke nkhawa makina.

Thunthu kuchita mikangano ntchito, osati kuwagwira pamalo ntchito, icho wapatsidwa katundu wokwanira guluu wolimba kwambiri. Kuchotsedwa katundu izi zipangitsa ntchito yachibadwa zida ndi kachitidwe.

katundu zakuthupi

Zipangizo mikangano mukhale ndi enieni katundu. The akuluakulu zalembedwa pamwambapa. Khalidwe utumiki. Iwo amaonetsera makhalidwe ntchito iliyonse chinthu.

Koma onse a makhalidwe utumiki ndi chifukwa ya thupi, makina ndi teplostaticheskih zizindikiro. magawo izi zimasiyana pa ntchito zakuthupi. Koma phindu lenileni ndi n'komwe kusankha ndondomeko ya chuma kukhululukirana.

Pali gulu la katundu ndi lipoti malo amodzi, wamphamvu ndi ozindikira. Gulu loyamba la magawo ikukhudzana malire psinjika mphamvu, kupinda ndi kutambasula. Kumaphatikizaponso kutentha, matenthedwe madutsidwe ndi patsogolo liniya zakuthupi.

Zizindikiro akufotokozera zinthu zazikulu, udindo monga kutentha kukana, kutentha kukana. Mu zikhalidwe experimental anapereka mikangano koyefishienti, kuvala kukana ndi kukhazikika.

mitundu ya zipangizo

zipangizo mikangano ndi dongosolo zowalamulira ananyema zambiri opangidwa pa mkuwa kapena chitsulo m'Baibulo. Gulu lachiwiri la zinthu ntchito zinthu mkulu katundu, makamaka kwa mikangano youma. zipangizo zamkuwa ntchito sing'anga ndi kuwala katundu. Komanso, iwo ali oyenera onse mikangano youma ndi madzi lubricating.

Zinthu zamakono zipangizo kupanga ankagwiritsa ntchito mu jombo ndi utomoni m'Baibulo. Komanso, fillers osiyanasiyana mwina ntchito ya zachitsulo ndipo sanali zachitsulo zigawo zikuluzikulu.

dera ntchito

Pali gulu la zipangizo mikangano, malingana ndi ntchito zawo. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo kufala zipangizo wamkulu. Izi sing'anga ndi mopepuka yodzaza kuti makinawa ntchito popanda kondomu.

Komanso allocated mikangano machitidwe zinthu ananyema kwa sing'anga ndi heavy-ntchito makina. mafuta umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mfundo imeneyi.

Gulu lachitatu zikuphatikizapo zinthu ntchito popiringidzana ya makina pakati ndi katundu. Mu iwo, mafuta alipo.

Komanso olekanitsidwa osiyana ananyema gulu mfundo imene lubricant madzi alipo. Magawo waukulu zimagwirira kudziwa kusankha zipangizo kukhululukirana.

Katundu zowalamulira amachita pa mbali ya dongosolo pafupifupi 1 ndi ananyema - kwa masekondi 30. chiwerengerochi amasonyeza makhalidwe a zipangizo mfundo.

zipangizo zachitsulo

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, waukulu mikangano zipangizo zowalamulira zachitsulo ananyema ndi chitsulo ndi mkuwa. lero chotchuka kwambiri zitsulo ndi chitsulo anaponyedwa.

Iwo amagwira ntchito dongosolo losiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mikangano zipangizo kwa PAD nanyema, zomwe zikuchokera limapangidwa chitsulo, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito machitidwe sitima. Zilibe kuwalepheretsa koma zikuchepa wotaya makhalidwe ake motsetsereka pa kutentha 400 ° C.

zipangizo Non-zachitsulo

Mikangano zowalamulira kapena ananyema zipangizo komanso anapangidwa zinthu nonmetallic. Iwo analengedwa maziko makamaka asibesitosi (utomoni, labala binders zinthu).

The koyefishienti wa mikangano amakhalabe kutentha mokwanira mkulu 220 ° C. Ngati binder utomoni ndi mfundo yodziwika ndi mkulu avale kukana. Koma koyefishienti awo penapake m'munsi mwa mikangano wachibale zipangizo zina zofanana. A zithunzi otchuka a pulasitiki zochokera machitidwe oterewa retinax. Mu dongosolo lake pali phenol-formaldehyde utomoni, asibesitosi, barite, ndi mbali zina. mankhwala lipindulitsa pa misonkhano ananyema ndi zinthu zolemera opaleshoni. Kumalimbikitsa katundu wake ngakhale pamene usavutike mtima 1000 ° C. Choncho retinax applicable ngakhale mu kachitidwe ndege braking.

zakuthupi asibesitosi amapangidwa mwa kulenga minofu homonymous. Iwo impregnated ndi phula, labala kapena Bakelite, ndi wothinikizidwa pa kutentha. Short ulusi asibesitosi amathanso kupanga PAD nonwoven. Ananenanso swarf. Nthawi zina, kwa anawonjezera mphamvu mkuwa waya awo umayamba.

Frits

Pali mtundu wina wa zigawo anapereka dongosolo. Izi sintered mikangano zipangizo ananyema dongosolo. Mtundu adzakhala kuonekera bwino kwambiri ku njira kupanga awo. Iwo nthawi zambiri pa maziko zitsulo. Pa kuwotcherera, ena sintered ndi izo, gawo la zigawo zikuluzikulu. Pre-ting'onoting'ono basi preform wapangidwa ndi ufa zosakaniza chinaperekedwa Kutentha mkulu-kutentha.

zomangira Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha heavy-ntchito mphamvu ndi machitidwe ananyema. ntchito yawo mkulu ntchito ofunitsitsa ndi magulu awiri a zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe ndi gawo la. Zipangizo woyamba kupereka zabwino mikangano koyefishienti ndi kuvala kukana, ndipo chachiwiri - mlingo wokwanira wa bata ndi guluu wolimba kwambiri.

Zida zochokera zitsulo kwa mikangano youma

Kusankha mfundo za machitidwe osiyana zachokera kuthekera chuma ndi luso kupanga ntchito. A zaka zingapo zapitazo zipangizo zoterozo zinali kufunika pa maziko chitsulo, monga FMC-8, MKV-50A ndi QMS. Mikangano mfundo ziyangoyango ananyema amene opareshoni mu kachitidwe heavy-ntchito patapita anapangidwa kuchokera PMA-11.

MKV-50A ndi chitukuko atsopano. Izo ntchito mu kupanga linings kwa mabuleki chimbale. Iwo ali ndi mwayi pa gulu la MCF magawanidwe bata, kuvala kukana.

Opangira masiku ano ambiri QMS mtundu zipangizo. Iwo kuchuluka manganese okhutira. Komanso imakhala ndi carbide ndi boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide ndi Karbid Kremniya.

Zida zochokera mkuwa mikangano youma

Kufala nagawa machitidwe zolinga zosiyana ndi zipangizo zochokera mkuwa malata kutsimikiziridwa. Ali zochepa avale mbali mating zachitsulo chosungunula kapena zitsulo, kuposa zipangizo mikangano pa maziko chitsulo.

Zoperekedwa zosiyanasiyana zipangizo ntchito, ngakhale makampani ndege. Kuti zinthu zapadera opaleshoni malata akhoza m'malo zipangizo monga titaniyamu, pakachitsulo, vanadium, Arsenic. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mapangidwe dzimbiri intercrystalline.

Zida zochokera mkuwa malata chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makampani magalimoto komanso kupanga ulimi makina. Iwo akhoza kulimbana katundu wolemera. Zina mwa 5-10% aloyi malata amapereka kuchuluka mphamvu. Otsogolera graphite kuchita monga olimba lubricant ndi pakachitsulo woipa kapena pakachitsulo kuchuluka mikangano koyefishienti.

kantchito mu lubricant madzi

Zipangizo ntchito mu kachitidwe youma, ndi drawback kwambiri. Iwo ali omumvera avale mofulumira. Pamene kugunda ndi lubricant ku mfundo ya pafupi ndi inachepetseratu mogwira awo. Choncho, zaposachedwapa kukhala zipangizo ambiri anafuna kuti ntchito mu mafuta.

Zipangizozo ndi kugwiritsa bwino, yodziwika ndi mkulu avale kukana. Ndi mosavuta chilled ndi mosavuta losindikizidwa.

Zochita yachilendo kukula posachedwapa kupanga mankhwala monga mikangano pepala mfundo mabuleki, ukapolo, ndi njira zina zochokera asibesitosi. Iwo impregnated ndi utomoni. Kapangidwe zikuphatikizapo zinthu kuumbidwa ndi okhutira mkulu wa fillers zitsulo.

Nthawi zambiri, sing'anga ntchito lubricating matupi sintered Kuzipeka kwa mkuwa. Kusintha makhalidwe frictional, zolimba sanali zachitsulo tikuuzidwa mu zikuchokera.

kusintha kwa katundu

Kupititsa choyamba kumafuna avale kukana, amene adzalandire zipangizo kukhululukirana. Pa izi zimatengera kuthekera zachuma ndi ntchito ya chigawo cha. Pankhaniyi, luso kupangika njira kuthetsa kutentha kwambiri pa kali kukhululukirana. Kuonjezera katundu uyu nkhani mikangano, ntchito yomanga chipangizo, ndi zonse zofunikira opaleshoni.

Ngati zipangizo ntchito mu zinthu mikangano youma, moganizira mphamvu zawo mkulu-kutentha ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni kukana. zomangira sakhala atengeke abrasive mtundu avale. Koma kachitidwe ndi lubricant kutentha kukana ziribe kanthu zonse mochuluka. Choncho, kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa mphamvu zawo.

Monga umisiri pamene chikusintha zipangizo khalidwe mikangano kulabadira digiri awo makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Zing'onozing'ono ndi, ndi cholimba kwambiri chigawo chimodzi njira. azimuth wina ndi kuchepetsa porosity zakuthupi.

kupanga Modern ayenera kusintha ntchito zipangizo zina pa kupanga zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zikusuntha, kutengerapo. Izi kukwaniritsa kukula ogula ndi ntchito zofunika zinthu ndi kukhululukirana.