Miatlinskaya HPP: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Miatlinskaya HPP amatanthauza Sulanskomu opangira magetsi. siteshoni ili pa Mtsinje Sulak ku Dagestan, dera pafupi ndi mudzi Miatli. Amagwira ntchito zitatu zikuluzikulu - kupangira magetsi, ndi konrregulyatorom Chirkeyskaya HPP (ili kumtunda), amapereka madzi posungira mu Makhachkala (likulu la Dagestan). Station, poyerekeza ndi zinthu zambiri mtundu uwu, ndi wamfupi koma wapadera kapangidwe ndi kuvuta yomanga. Monga mbali ya wamakono wa lonse mphamvu zovuta la Russia ndi ankamangidwanso pamalopa.

Chiyambi cha ntchito

Pa pomanga Chirkeyskaya HPP anasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa madzi akatulutsidwa ayenera kusintha, choncho mu 1973 anaganiza ayamba kumanga siteshoni ina. Ntchito yonse inali ikuchitika mavuto a mapiri. Mutu woyamba wa polojekiti anali katswiri kwambiri pa Chipilala damu DA Shandalov, amene anatuluka m'dzikoli itangoyamba kumene ntchito, popanda kuwona momwe Miatlinsky magetsi adzakhala anapezerapo.

Mbiri ya yomanga siteshoni inali yovuta kwambiri. Mu 1976, akumira pa msewu linayambika zotsatira olakwika otsetsereka ndi maonekedwe a Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga pa gombe lamanja la mtsinje, kumene kunali zinthu zingapo malo m'tsogolo. Akatswiri anayesetsa kukonza zinthu mothandizidwa ndi nyumba zomangamanga, koma chiopsyezo chotenga kugwa lili.

posamutsa yomanga

Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha malo tsogolo anapeza malo makilomita awiri pansipa damu la. Kusintha kumeneku kunachititsa Vuto la dongosolo lonse, ulendo wanga yomanga uyenderere thanki (m'mimba mwake: 25 m, kuya - 76 mamita), ndi zosangalatsa ngalande (mamita 1700), broaching avtotunnelya (mamita 1500) kumanzere.

Kulowererana mayikidwe a Sulak Mtsinje chinachitika mu 1980, zomwe kunam'sintha otaya madzi pa anakumba zosangalatsa mumphangayo. Kulemekeza omanga monga Khrisu yomanga nyumba zovuta imatambasula damu limodzi nyengo chabe. Pamene wakhala katswiri umisiri tiered ntchito simenti, kudzazidwa woyamba unachitika mu 1983, mu nthawi yomweyo unachitikira sboyka avtotunnelya. magalimoto Vehicular pa msewu ndi mlatho chinamasulidwa mu 1984.

imalankhula loyamba

Mu 1985 anayamba kuika unit choyamba, anaganiza osefukira wa posungira chinachitika kumapeto kwa chaka. Miatlinskaya HPP anapezerapo woyamba wagawo hayidiroliki mu December 1985, mu January 1986, iye anapereka panopa mafakitale, m'chilimwe pamalopa anapezerapo yachiwiri hayidiroliki wagawo, chimene chinali chiyambi cha siteshoni zonse katundu.

opangira magetsi posungira anali watsirizika msinkhu wopita makilomita 154 mu 1987. Akukonda thanki Miatlinskaya HPP ali ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 15 makilomita pa m'lifupi mamita 300, kuya mamita 60. Okulira mu estuary pa ali ndi buku la 13,3 Km. CC., ndi pa malo a 14 mamita ^3, chiwerengero zisanawonongeke mphamvu m'dera catchment a 16,2 kuti 32,7 Km. Cu. Zinyalala madzi otaya kudzera nyumba ndi 3000 mamita ³ / s pa katundu pazipita. Pomanga thanki pansi osefukira kumalondolera 151 ha nthaka ya zaulimi.

Miatlinsky magetsi: mubwereze

Kufotokozera za nyumba siteshoni:

• Chipilala damu. Kamangidwe akuyendera pa siteshoni, ndi wina wa wapadera ndi zovuta. madamu Chipilala anamanga atatu okha mu USSR - Meatlinskaya HPP Chirkey HPP Gunibskaya HPP. Kutalika kwa damu la mamita 86,5, utali wa mamita 179.
• Kumanga njira yotulukira.
• Kumanga zomera hydropower pa magombe a mtsinje Sulak.
• Zokwanira posungira.
• Penstocks.
• Kuyenda pa damu zosangalatsa mumphangayo.

Miatlinskaya ochepa opangira magetsi siteshoni, mphamvu ndi 220 MW, chaka umabala pafupifupi mamiliyoni 700 KW / h. Wokwera pa awiri chopangira mphamvu opangira magetsi madzi, mphamvu ya omwe ndi 110 MW pa mutu wa madzi a mamita 46 pa mphindi. siteshoni Engineering chinkhoswe Institute "Lengidroproekt".

mavuto a turbines madzi

Miatlinsky magetsi pa mtsinje Sulak mu 2014 ndi mu ndondomeko ya mkuntho. Chiyambireni ntchito zinaonekeratu kuti pa masamba a turbines hayidiroliki msanga ming'alu, chifukwa cha ntchito yomwe inkafuna kukonza zonse. Hayidiroliki chopangira mphamvu anaika pa khalidwe sasiyana kuchokera ena ntchito pa wailesi zina, koma mikhalidwe imene anali kukhala, kwambiri, madzi mathamangidwe mamita 46 pa mphindi, nchifukwa chake tsamba zikhoza kuonongeka.

Komanso, chifukwa cha kuchuluka zofuna mphamvu panafunika mphamvu mphamvu linanena bungwe. Monga mbali ya wamakono womveka wa kampani "RusHydro" pulogalamu zinasaina pangano ndi Austria wopanga Voith hydro ntchito yobweretsa ndi m'malo a impellers mayunitsi onse hayidiroliki.

kukhazikitsanso

Mu 2015, ntchito yomanga ndi chopangira mphamvu woyamba hayidiroliki, kumene momwe munakonzera kunachitika, panali m'malo a impeller lapansi. Izo zili ndi masamba asanu ndi awiri akukhala kuchuluka mphamvu (matani oposa 2 lililonse tsamba), kulemera wonse wa gudumu ukufika matani 128. Kuonetsetsa vuto lililonse ntchito wakhala kuchuluka mafuta kuthamanga chilangizo dongosolo la kwa 63 atmospheres (anali 40 ATM.), Sitepe amaloledwa kuchepetsa mafuta kudyedwa ndi bwino ntchito zachilengedwe. The miyeso anatengedwa anaonetsetsa kuwonjezeka mu mphamvu, ndi m'tsogolo akulonjeza mphamvu zambiri.

Kuwonjezera hydro chopangira mphamvu gudumu, panali m'malo dongosolo kulamulira, magetsi jenereta chitetezo chivundikirocho ndi hydro turbines. Mphamvu chopangira mphamvu chawonjezeka 113 MW. A chopangira mphamvu wachiwiri anali ipyole pa gawo lomwelo la kukhazikitsanso, koma ntchito anachedwa.

ntchito anakonza

Malo Miatlinsky magetsi amatanthauza mtunda miyala ndi mtsinje Sulak zambiri "capricious" kotero kuchititsa inakonzedwa jambulani, kukonza ndi kuyeretsa wa zosangalatsa njira ndi kofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito za magetsi. ntchito njira ikuchitika kamodzi pa zaka makumi atatu, omwe ndi zimene zinachitika mu October 2016.

Popeza siteshoni Launch derivational mumphangayo konse zouma, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 12 ndipo m'lifupi mwake pafupifupi 15 mamita, kutalika kwa makilomita 1.7. Kukhetsa madzi ngalande chofunika kutsika mu madzi ndi kukonzekera kukweza zitseko ndi dongosolo zinyalala, ndiye gawo pafupi ndi chitani ngalande kukhetsa. Kutsekedwa chinawonjezeka ndi Crane, iwo kuimira dongosolo Mipikisano matani zoyenda amene zimatheka ndi Zipangizo zamakono.

mumphangayo anayendera wochitidwa ndi laser chindodo ndi mchitidwe ochiritsira - ndi anthu anayendera. Global mavuto (ming'alu, voids) anali wapezeka, ndi makulidwe a monolithic kuponyera konkire si breached mu malo amodzi. kukonza Minor kufunikabe. Kupeza mzere madzi kwasanduka - shutter zipata zikutseguka mwa masentimita 15 okha, koma zokwanira matani madzi anayamba kubwera mu dongosolo. Today Miatlinsky magetsi ikugwira ntchito bwinobwino.