Mitundu ya Mphezi: liniya, intracloud pansi. Mphezi. Monga anapanga fireball

Mphezi - mmodzi wa zochitika anthu zachilengedwe zimene yaitali ouziridwa kuopa anthu. Kumvetsa zomwenso ake ankafunsira nzeru kwambiri, monga Aristotle ndi Lucretius. Iwo ankaganiza kuti mpira iyi ya moto ndi cholizira nthunzi ya madzi mitambo, ndi kukula kukula, chimandiswa iwo ndi mwamsanga muyambe mathithi pansi.

The mfundo za chiphaliwali komanso zikamera ake

Mu kwambiri zipper anapanga m'mitambo yamabingu amene mokwanira mkulu kusamvana. Kumtunda akhoza adzaikidwa pa msinkhu wa 7 km, ndi pansi - mamita 500 pamwamba chabe pansi. Popeza mumlengalenga mpweya kutentha, izo Ndizachidziwikire kuti pa mlingo wa 3-4 Km madzi amaundana kupanga particles ayezi, amene adzawombana ndi mzake electrostatically. Anthu amene ali kukula kwambiri, kulandira mlandu oipa, ndi osachepera - zabwino. Pamaziko a thupi lawo, iwo ali uniformly kufalitsidwa mu mtambo zigawo. Tsekani pamodzi, kupanga plasma njira, kwa amene analandira ndi mphamvu ya magetsi, wotchedwa mphezi. A wosweka mzere mawonekedwe, iye analandira chifukwa chakuti pa njira pansi Nthawi zambiri particles osiyanasiyana mpweya, zomwe ndi zotchinga. Ndipo pofuna kupewa iwo, iwe uyenera kusintha njira yodutsamo.

Thupi Kufotokozera mphezi

Mphezi amasankha ku joules 109 kwa 1010 mphamvu. Chotero yaikulu ya magetsi ankadya mokulirapo kuti akhazikitse kung'anima kuwala ndi yoweyula mantha amene mwinamwake amatchedwa bingu. Koma ngakhale gawo laling'ono la mphezi adzakhala tigwile zinthu sangaganize, monga kumaliseche ake akhoza kupha kapena kuwononga nyumbayi. Ndipotu ina chidwi limasonyeza kuti zodabwitsazi zachilengedwe amatha kusungunula mchenga, n'kupanga yamphamvu dzenje. Amenewa zimatheka chifukwa cha kutentha mkati zipper, zikhoza kufika madigiri 2000. akanthe pamene pansi komanso ndife osiyana, izo sizingakhale kuposa lachiwiri. Pamene mphamvu, matalikidwe kwa mtima angafikire mazana kilowatts. Yonseyi mfundo zonsezi, likukhalira la amphamvu zachilengedwe kumaliseche panopa, omwe amanyamula imfa ya onse amene akukhudza. Mitundu yonse alipo mphezi ndi yoopsa kwambiri, ndipo msonkhano nawo osafunika kwambiri kwa anthu.

bingu Education

Mitundu yonse ya mphenzi sikutheka kulingalira popanda bingu, amene wosachita ngozi chomwecho, koma nthawi zina kungachititse kuti kulephera kwa maukonde ntchito ndi mavuto ena luso. Vutolo limachitika chakuti mafunde kutentha, mphezi usavutike kutentha motentha kuposa dzuwa, moyang'anizana ndi ozizira. Phokoso Choncho analandira - osati chabe yoweyula chifukwa cha kusinthasintha mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, ukuwonjezeka buku pofika cha mpukutu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chinyezimiro cha phokoso ku mitambo.

Kodi mphezi

Iwo likukhalira kuti onse osiyana.

1. liniya mphezi - zosiyanasiyana ambiri. Zamagetsi bingu zikuwoneka ngati chadodolido, proliferating mtengo. Kuyambira njira yaikulu inyamuka penapake zobisika kwambiri ndi waufupi "njira". Kutalika kwa kumaliseche kwa makilomita 20, ndi amperage - 20,000 mikuza mawu. Galimoto liwiro la makilomita 150 pa mphindi. Kutentha kwa madzi, ndi kukhuta njira ya mphenzi, adza kwa madigiri 10,000.

2. intracloud mphezi - chiyambi cha mtundu limodzi ndi kusintha m'minda magetsi ndi maginito, ngati mafunde panamveka wailesi. Chotero peal zambiri amapezeka kuyandikira kwa dziko. Mu M'madera a zitunda kotentha, zikuoneka yosowa kwambiri. Ngati mphezi mtambo ndiye kupangira akhoza kutuluka ndi chinthu akunja akuphwanya kukhulupirika kwa mthunzi, monga ndege kapena inasangalatsa zitsulo chingwe. Mulitali mwina osiyanasiyana monga makilomita 1 150.

3. zinthu mopupuluma zipper - thupi lithe umadutsa magawo angapo. Choyamba pa izi zimakhudza ionization akuyamba, amene analengedwa pa chiyambi cha ma elekitironi free, ali zopezeka mu mlengalenga. Munda magetsi pulayimale particles tikhale ndi mathamangidwe mkulu ndi akuuzidwa pansi, colliding ndi tinthu a m'nyanjazi mpweya. Choncho, pali pakompyuta chigumukire ku wina wotchedwa streamers. Iwo akuyimira njira yomwe kuphatikiza ndi mzake, ndi chifukwa cha kuwala mphezi, thermally insulated. Akafika dziko lapansi mu mawonekedwe a makwerero yaing'ono, chifukwa njira zake pali mavuto ndi kupewa iwo, chingasinthe malangizo. kayendedwe liwiro pafupifupi 50,000 makilomita pa mphindi.

Pambuyo mphezi apita njira zake, izo zikutsiriza kayendedwe kwa makumi angapo a microseconds, ndi kuwala zikutha. Zitatha izi, mu gawo lina lotsatira limayamba: kubwerezabwereza njira. The kumaliseche zaposachedwapa kuposa kuwala kwa onse yapita, masiku ano angafikire masauzande amperes. The kutentha mkati njira yomweyo kuzungulira 25,000 madigiri. Mtundu wa mphezi motalikitsa, kotero zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri.

ngale mphezi

Kuyankha funso kodi mphezi, sitingathe kuiwala zimenezi sizichitikachitika chodabwitsa achilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, kumaliseche udzachitika pambuyo mzere ndi akubwereza njira yodutsamo ake. Only pano kuyang'ana ndi mipira, amene ali pa mtunda Chrixitu, chokhala mkanda chuma chamtengo wapatali. mphezi Izi limodzi ndi loudest ndi kugunda phokoso.

fireball

Zachilengedwe, pamene mphenzi akutenga mawonekedwe a mpira. Mu nkhani iyi, njira yodutsamo ndege ake amakhala sizimadziwika, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ngakhale woopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wotero kathakal magetsi amapezeka molumikizana ndi mitundu ina, koma analemba mfundo za maonekedwe ake ngakhale mu nyengo dzuwa.

Monga aumbike ndi fireball? Funso limeneli nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa ndi anthu amene akumana zodabwitsazi. Monga ife tonse tikudziwa, zinthu zina ochititsa kwambiri magetsi, kotero pano izo ziri m'menemo, wambirimbiri mlandu wake, ndipo mpira wayamba kutuluka. Komanso angayambe ku zipper chachikulu. Pakuona amanena kuti tingafunse chabe kuchokera kosadziwika.

Awiri mphezi zimasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita angapo mita. Koma mitundu, pali zingapo zimene mungachite: kuchokera woyera ndi zachikasu kuwala wobiriwira, chosowa kwambiri kupeza wakuda mpira magetsi. Pa mbadwa mofulumira, iye amayendapo horizontally pafupifupi mapazi atatu kuchoka pansi. Chotero zipper akhoza mwadzidzidzi kusintha njira yodutsamo ndi kutha monga mwadzidzidzi, motero kumasula mphamvu wautali kwambiri chifukwa cha zomwe limatsogolera kapena kudzitsitsa pa zinthu zonse zosiyana. Kamakhala kwa masekondi khumi maola angapo.

Sprite mphezi

Posachedwapa, mu 1989, asayansi anatulukira mtundu wina wa mphezi, wotchedwa sprites. chotulukira anali kwathunthu mwangozi, chifukwa chodabwitsa ndi osowa kwambiri ndi okha zimatha magawo angapo a lachiwirilo. Other kukha magetsi iwo kusiyana ndi kutalika limene iwo amaoneka - za 50-130 Km, pamene subspecies ena musati kugonjetsa 15 kilometre mzere. Komanso mphezi sprite losiyana awiri yaikulu imene imafikira 100 Km. Iwo amaoneka mizati monga ofukula za magulu kuwala ndi kung'anima. mtundu awo imasiyana malingana zikuchokera mlengalenga: pafupi pansi, pamene pali mpweya kwambiri, iwo ali wobiriwira, chikasu kapena oyera, koma mchikakamizo cha asafe, pa okwera 70 Km, iwo amakhala ofiira owala.

Khalidwe pa chiphaliwali

Mitundu yonse ya mphenzi kunyamula chiopsezo zapadera thanzi ndi moyo. Kupewa mantha magetsi, malamulo awa ayenera kutsata dziko poyera:

1. Imeneyi, pa chiopsezo kutenga zinthu apamwamba, kotero muyenera kupewa malo lotseguka. Kukhala zochepa, ndi bwino kukhala pansi ndi kuika pa maondo ake mutu ndi chifuwa likhoza kugonjetsedwa, kaimidwe izi adzateteza ziwalo zonse zofunika. Mulimonsemo sikutheka anagona mosabisa, kuti kuonjezera dera kuipitsidwa zotheka.
2. Komanso, musati kubisala pansi pa mitengo wamtali ndi lampposts. Osafunika pogona adzatero zinthu mosadziteteza chitsulo kapena zomangamanga (mwachitsanzo, akayende pogona).
3. Pa chiphaliwali, muyenera yomweyo kutuluka m'madzi, chifukwa ndi wochititsa wabwino. Kamodzi izo, mphenzi kumaliseche mosavuta kufalitsa kwa anthu.
4. Palibe kugwiritsa ntchito foni.
5. thandizo kwa wozunzidwayo zabwino zokolola CPR ndi yomweyo kuitana ntchito mwadzidzidzi.

Malamulo m'nyumba

M'nyumba, palinso ngozi kugonja.

1. Ngati mkuntho msewu anayamba, chinthu choyamba muyenera kutseka mawindo onse ndi zitseko.
2. Muyenera zimitsani zipangizo zonse zamagetsi.
3. Kodi silingafanane ndi telefoni basi anatumizanso lamya ndi zingwe zina, iwo ali ochititsa kwambiri magetsi. Zotsatira omwewo ndi kukhala mipope zitsulo, kotero musakhale pafupi zida.
4. Kudziwa mmene ndipamene fireball ndi mmene sizimadziwika njira yodutsamo ake, ngati akadali nacho mu chipinda, muyenera yomweyo kuwasiya iwo, ndi kutseka mawindo onse ndi zitseko. Ngati zimenezi si zotheka, ndi bwino kuima.

Nature akadali si nkhani kwa anthu, ndipo akuchita ngozi. Mitundu yonse ya mphenzi - ndi, pakati pake penipeni, amphamvu kwambiri kukha magetsi, amene kangapo kuposa mphamvu zonse chongopeka analenga ndi magwero munthu mphamvu.