M'madzi nyongolotsi: mitundu, kufotokoza ndi makhalidwe kupuma

Nyanja mphutsi - zachilengedwe. Ambiri a iwo amaoneka ngati maluwa sizingachitike kapena yowala lathyathyathya tepi, ndipo pali mitundu amene amayambitsa maonekedwe ndi makhalidwe awo kunjenjemera chodabwitsa. Ambiri, mbozi m'madzi - pali chidwi kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kolyuchegolovogo, polychaete, mitundu annelid, mosabisa, tsitsi-nyongolotsi, ndi zina zotero. Mndandanda kwenikweni chachikulu. M'nkhaniyi tiona mitundu ingapo mwatsatanetsatane.

M'madzi nyongolotsi chubu polychaete

nyongolotsi chithunzi m'madzi amene amaoneka ngati maluwa ndi zosowa, wotchedwa chubu polychaete kapena "mtengo wa pa Khirisimasi". Kumeneku kukutanthauza kwa mtundu wa banja yowala Sabellidae. The Latin dzina la nyama - Spirobranchus giganteus, ndi English - Mtengo wa Khirisimasi mphutsi.

Kukhala mtundu uwu mphutsi nyanja mu zone zotentha za Indian ndi Pacific Ocean. Izo wakonda kuya yaing'ono, matanthwe chitsamba ndi madzi woyera.

Kudzimva kukhala otetezedwa, mbozi m'madzi amanga chubu Mbali yokhala ngati kashiamu ndi carbonate ayoni. Animal akupanga zinthu nyumba mwachindunji ku madzi. Kwa mitsempha ayoni "Mtengo wa Khirisimasi" limasonyeza ina organic chigawo zopangitsa awiri m'kamwa. Monga mbozi chimalimba chubu ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, pristraivaya mphete zatsopano mapeto a pogona akale.

Mphutsi polychaete chubu mphutsi yosankha malo pansi nyumba ndi udindo. Iwo anayamba kumanga yekha ngale akufa kapena ofooka. Nthawi zina amasonkhana mu madera lonse, komanso cabins limodzi ndi zachilendo. Anatsegula, miyala yamtengo wapatali kubisa foni, kusiya padziko yekha kaso zokongola "Mtengo wa Khirisimasi". Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mtundu wa nyongolotsi nyanja kwenikweni yowala ndipo zimalimbikitsa. Iwo ubwera mwa buluu, wachikasu, wofiira, woyera, pinki, variegated, yofiirira, ndipo ngakhale wakuda. A ambirimbiri kusankhapo. anthu Neskoro kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Wokongola panja "mtengo" - osati monga yokongola, ndi kunyezimira gill, amene akachite ntchito ziwalo za zakudya ndi kupuma. Aliyense nyongolotsi m'madzi ali awiri mwauzimu cheza gill.

About otetezedwa polychaete annelids kusamalira pansi nyumba yomanga. Laimu chubu ali ndi chivindikiro mwamphamvu, limachokera ku polowera ndipo anatseka pa pang'ono makokedwe kuopseza mphutsi.

Malinga mtundu wa Spirobranchus giganteus moyo kwa zaka 4 mpaka 8.

polychaete

Polychaetes ndi a mtundu annelids, polychaetes kalasi. Mu chikhalidwe, iwo mumakhala pa 10 chikwi. Species. Ambiri amene akukhala mu nyanja, ndi pansi ndi moyo. Banja munthu (mwachitsanzo, Tomopteridae) padziko peraliale (lotseguka nyanja kapena nyanja, osati wokhudza pansi). genera angapo zimapezeka madzi atsopano, monga Baikal.

lugworm

Imodzi mwa oimira ambiri polychaete mwaganizapo ringed polychaete mphutsi m'madzi, dzina - lugworm. Mu Latin, izo zikumveka ngati Arenicola Marina. Nyama ndi m'malo lalikulu, m'litali ndi 20 cm. Limasintha mbozi nyanja mu kamakumba una Arc woboola pakati anakumba pansi mchenga. Mphamvu mtundu akutumikira bottoms amene nyongolotsi umadutsa matumbo.

thupi wamkulu tichipeza zigawo zitatu - ndi thorax, pamimba ndi mchira. Chivundikiro akunja ndipamene mphete sekondale zomwe sizidzipezera zizigwirizana kugawanika. zigawo m'mimba mwa thupi la mphutsi 11, ndipo gulu lirilonse zili makutu Kasungu.

Lugworm kumalimbitsa makoma a nyumba zawo ndi ntchofu. mink Utali -. 30 cm Kuchokera kanyumba, thupi mphutsi ali kutsogolo kwa gawo mu mink yopingasa, ndi kumbuyo - kulowera choimirira. Pamwamba pa mapeto mutu wa mphutsi za aumbike pa hopper pansi, chifukwa zonse ingests chitayiko. Defecation lobworm poyera mink kumbuyo kumapeto. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mbozi m'madzi akhoza amawachita chilombo.

nereid

Nereida - m'madzi annelid. Izi zokwawa mitundu imene akutumikira monga chakudya cha nsomba m'madzi. thupi mbozi wapangidwa zigawo. Kutsogolo lili pamutu, kumene tentacles, pakamwa, nsagwada ndi mitundu iwiri iwiri ya maso. Boca zigawo Amawapatsa spikes mosabisa, ofanana ndi tsamba. Nawa anaikira ambiri bristles yaitali.

Pa Nereids kupuma nawo padziko lonse thupi. Pumani annelid , nyongolotsi, amene ali bwino kwa aliyense. Nereid chimachititsanso msanga kudutsa zimakupiza zooneka outgrowths. Pankhaniyi, pansi pa thupi imayendetsedwa tufts wa bristles. Menyu kuti m'madzi annelid zikuphatikizapo algae ndi nyama zazing'ono, zomwe alibe nsagwada.

chizolowezi kupuma

njira ya mpweya, ponena nereids, zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti mtundu uwu wa kupatulapo mphutsi. Kodi kupuma nthumwi za ringed? Kodi wamba mu kupuma m'madzi annelids? Mpweya wa mitundu yambiri ya anthu kumachitika mwa makutu, zimene pabwino kukula-masamba. Makutu anapereka ndi ambiri capillaries. Patsogolo kwa magazi ndi mpweya zichokera kwa mpweya umene uli kusungunuka mu madzi. Apa mu madzi limapanga mpweya.

flatworms m'madzi

Mu kuya kwa nyanja likumanenso gulu lina la mphutsi - m'madzi flatworms. Iwo amatchedwa ciliary kapena turbellarians. kalasi m'gulu oposa 3.5 zikwi. Species. thupi yokutidwa ndi oimira epithelium ciliated, amene amathandiza kuti kusuntha. Akuluakulu turbellarians zitha chooneka ndi maso, koma pali mitundu kuti akafike masentimita 40 m'litali. Pakati flatworms si ufulu moyo mitundu m'madzi, komanso parasitic, kuphatikizapo tepi.

M'madzi flatworm - zambiri chilombo. Iye amasuntha mwa kukwawa kapena kusambira. Kodi bilaterally nyama symmetrical. Turbellarians kuti flattened thupi chowulungika kapena mawonekedwe elongated. Mbali kutsogolo kwa m'thupi ndi mphamvu, ndi pakamwa pa mbali ventral.

M'mimba thirakiti ciliated mphutsi zimadalira mitundu. Zimakhala wosazindikira ndithu, kapena m'malo ovuta, ndi leafy intestine.

Mitundu ina ya m'madzi turbellarians zamasiku-mbalambanda, koma pali zowala ndi kukongola, koma zindikirani kuti sangathe.