Monarda maluwa. Chonde sizikusokonezani ndi malalanje amenewa!

Monarda - ndi osatha chomera mbadwa kuti North America imatengedwa. Mu zakutchire ndi ambiri m'dera la ku Mexico kuti Canada ndi ukufanizidwa ndi 17 mitundu. Atapeza America ndi Columbus anabweretsedwa ku Spain ndipo pang'onopang'ono kufalitsa ku Ulaya. Wake dzina maluwa a Monarda analandira m'malo mwa Nicholas Monardes - Spanish katswiri amene ankaphunzira zomera m'nthawi ya 16 napeza machiritso ake katundu. Iye zofunikila ubwino wa zomera m'buku lake "uthenga wabwino ku Dziko Latsopano."

Anthu maluwa Monarda ndi mayina ambiri: mandimu timbewu tonunkhira, malalanje amenewa zakutchire, American Melissa, ndi kuti si zonse. Chotero zosiyanasiyana mayina chifukwa kukhalapo mu mbewu ya m'nyanjazi zosiyanasiyana onunkhira, fungo limene limatikumbutsa ina mbewu adziwika kale.

Panopa ambiri chomera mitundu iwiri: Monarda didyma ndi Monarda tubular (fistular). Iwo yodziwika ndi amanena mkulu inflorescences ndi masamba mafuta zofunika zimene zimapangitsa lofunika mankhwala chomera zipangizo, ali antiseptic, antibacterial ndi antiparasitic zotsatira. Iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza chifuwa, bronchial mphumu, matenda poizoniyu. The madzi a masamba amathandiza kuchiritsa mabala, fractures, kakuwasangalatsa kuyabwa, kupweteka enaake ophwanya, amawathandiza kulumidwa ndi tizilombo. Monarda maluwa ndi masamba ntchito monga usawonongeke kupanga ndi kukoma zakumwa enaake.

Young zomera zobiriwira kumathandiza kuti malemeredwe chilakolako ndi bwino chimbudzi ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu zakudya saladi ndi Nkhaka kapena zonunkhira zomera mbale nyama ndi kumalongeza. Kodi mafutawo pokonza zakumwa, tiyi angagwiritsidwe ntchito inflorescences. Kuti tichite zimenezi, inflorescences anasonkhana pambuyo sabata loyamba la maluwa. Mphukira, masamba ndi maluwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya ndi watsopano ndi youma. Mankhwala wowerengeka, ndi yodziwika Monarda katundu kupewa mapangidwe nkhungu wakuda. masamba ndi nthambi ntchito kumalongeza masamba. Apulo kupanikizana, zinachitika ndi Kuwonjezera masamba, konse yankhungu.

Kafungoka Monarda (malalanje amenewa udzu) afika dzina lake pamaso pa masamba ndi maluwa mafuta zofunikira, fungo ofanana ndi mafuta zachilengedwe a malalanje amenewa, omwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya ndi mankhwala mafakitale. Malinga ndi akatswiri, tiyi okonzeka ndi Kuwonjezera wa masamba ndi maluwa Monarda si wolephera wotchuka "Earl Gray".

maluwa Monarda imakonzedwa woongoka pamwamba, kutalika kwa 1 mita, tetrahedral phesi. Rhizomes kukula mbali zonse, ndi zomera kupanga nsalu wamphamvu. Kutalika kwa maluwa zitsamba Monarda kwa masiku 50, pafupifupi mapeto a June mpaka August. mitu ukhale wa mitundu yosiyana kwambiri. Mbeu ndi laling'ono kwambiri. M'chaka iwo akhoza mwachindunji anabzala mu nthaka lotseguka. Kumera kutentha - 20 madigiri. Nthawi yoyamba mbande limakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo muzionetsetsa kuti iwo saletsa ndi namsongole. Maluwa zomera achinyamata adzakhala chaka chamawa.

Monarda zimafalitsidwa ndi kugawa rhizomes ndipo kungakhale m'dzinja. makope apamwamba ayenera zimafalitsidwa vegetatively yekha, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo zisungidwe kwathunthu katundu kunja kwa zomera. Share tchire Monarda akhale pa zaka 3-4, chifukwa, pokhala wamkulu ndi proliferating mu kupingasa, rhizomes pakati kufa. Izi kumachepetsa kwambiri zitsamba yokongola. Analandira delenki ayenera masamba osachepera 2-3. Iwo anabzala pa mtunda wa 60-70 masentimita Chrixitu mu mabowo chisanadze anakonza imene tikuuzidwa pa 1 lalikulu mita humus (2-3 makilogalamu) feteleza zovuta (50-60 g) ndi laimu nthaka acidity (mpaka 40 g). Monarda ndi undemanding kwa nthaka, koma wakonda laimu kuwala. Mwa muyeso wa madzi kukoma.

Izi wodzichepetsa herbaceous zomera ndi maluwa ophweka koma wokongola kwambiri amakonda alimi kuti makhalidwe awo amtengo wapatali, ndipo zosiyanasiyana mitundu.