Mtedza kwenikweni nyemba

Mtedza - ndi herbaceous pachaka chomera wa yotakata nyemba. Kawirikawiri, ilo limakula ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 25-40. Ukuchoka parnoperistoslozhnye wake pang'ono pakati khasu. Maluwa ochepa flowered lalifupi burashi. Zisanu Beater, yochitidwa kapena wachikasu, yokhota kumapeto, chikho bilabiate. zinthu Flower pambuyo umuna kufa ndi peduncle ndi n'kuwasanganiza kuyamba kukula mwachangu kutembenukira mozama mu dothi limene zipatso kukhala ku n'kuwasanganiza kokonoobraznoy mawonekedwe. Nyemba eni yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani mauna pericarp ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu: 1 - 2 mbewu (5) mu Interceptions imodzi kapena ziwiri. Childs mbewu ndi oblong, minofu, kuyambira kukula 9 20 mm, ndi pabuka-bulauni chipolopolo. Maluwa amondi pansi June - July ndi zipatso zipse mwamsanga - mu September - October.

Mtedza - mbiri ndi mipweya

Iye anaonekera 16 chikhalidwe choyamba amondi zadothi. mu Brazil, kumene mwangozi anagwa mu China kenako mu Europe. Anakwanitsa zaka za m'ma 18 ku Russia. M'munda, mtedza anayamba kukhala wamkulu panthawi Union.

Kuwatumiza tsopano mbali zina za Caucasus, North Caucasus, kum'mwera kwa gawo European la Russia ku Central Asia.

Mipweya. The chiponde mbewu zothandiza asayansi apeza, muli mpaka 52% ya mafuta mafuta, zimene zinaphatikizapo glycerides lignoceric, arachidic, stearic, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, gipogeevoy, lauric, myristic, eykozenovoy, tseritinovoy ndi zidulo behenic. Komanso mafuta mu mbewu ndi mapuloteni (mpaka 36%), globulins (18%), glyuteininy (16%), "Arachin" konarahin, mavitamini E, B1 (umene uli mbewu peel), asidi pantothenic, biotin, etc. . mbewu mafuta waima alkaloid Arachin, choline ndi betaine.

ankafika

Anabzala mtedza (mtedza mbewu) pafupi ku mapeto a April, nthawizina chiyambi cha May. Iye amakonda bwino anamasuka, koma "akhakula" nthaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sayenera kwambiri wophwanyidwa mosamala pogaya apezeka. nthaka ayenera kukhala wolemera mu calcium. Ngati ulibe - ayenera kuwonjezera 100 - 200 ga pa 12 - 15 mita seedbed pamaso kubzala ndi yemweyo - pamaso maluwa mphukira kuyamba. The momwe akadakwanitsira nthaka acidity kwa zomera ndi mlingo wa 5.6 kuti 6.2.

Mbewu anabzala pa akuya 3 masentimita pa mtunda wa 15 masentimita Chrixitu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kubzala chiponde zosavuta ndi yabwino kulamulira namsongole - choncho salola iwo kukula bwinobwino, ducking otsika pansi. Ndipo ndi Kupalira mkangano kupeza zochepa. nthaka ayenera kukhala wolemera mu organic. Ikani wamba - manyowa, zimene peat ndi manyowa osakaniza.

Ngati pali nkhalango yapafupi wothira - ndi zofunika kubweretsa ndi kuwonjezera dziko nkhalango (monga chapamwamba wosanjikiza lotayirira, amene zosavuta kukumba).

chisamaliro

Pambuyo 6 - masabata 8. pambuyo iwo anakhala pansi, chiponde zikumera kuyamba maluwa, mungu. Pindar - kudziona mungu zomera. Ndipo pambuyo maluwa onse kufa, m'pofunika zomera okuchit monga mbatata, ndi kutsanulira pa zochuluka organic kuphimbira mabedi (kuchokera peat, utuchi, manyowa, zimene mchenga), wosanjikiza zosaposa 5 cm. Land pansi kuphimbira ayenera lotayirira komanso chimauma.

Pamene mtedza pa maluwa zochuluka madzi zikhale - aliyense 3 - 4 masiku. Pamene Mphukira - kuchepetsa kuthirira - kamodzi pa 1 - 1,5nedeli. Koma ngati zonse mwadzidzidzi mu nthawi iyi udzachitike mvula zonse - kubzala onse chiponde zingakhale bwino kubisala.

zokolola

Kololani, kuwerenga kuchokera nthawi ya ikamatera 110 - 120 masiku. Ichi ndi chomera mwachilungamo undemanding. Chochititsa chidwi chikasu masamba - mbendera zokolola mwadzidzidzi; bwino kuti afooketse tchire pitchforks. Onetsetsani kuti kuyala nyemba wosweka atayanika mu mthunzi. nyemba youma cockleboat mosavuta wosweka, motero kumasula mmwamba kwambiri, chopatsa thanzi komanso zokoma mtedza.

Ndi kubzala yake ndi bwino, mtedza adzasangalala ndi zipatso zake lalikulu.