Mumpanduko kudziletsa immolation wa mmonke wachibu-. Self-immolation mu 1963

History amadziwa Nthawi yochititsa wa anthu, chirichonse zifukwa, anali wotsimikiza mtima pa kuukira kudzipha, moto ndi moto wokha moyo. mawonekedwe kudzipha otchedwa kudziletsa immolation, ndipo nthawi zambiri munthu kupanga iwo umachita zimenezo kuti asonyeze chinachake, kuti Atchule chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Mu 1963 ku South Vietnam panali nkhani imeneyi - kudzipha mwa okha-immolation anachita Chibuda mmonke Thich Quang Duc.

zikhalidwe

Choncho, kodi n'chifukwa amene anakakamizika kuti khalidwe limeneli sangaganize wa Chimonko, Abuda? Self-immolation Duc anali apamaliro ndale ndipo mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi zinthu pa nthawi mu dziko. Iwo amadziwa kuti nthawi zosachepera 70% (monga ena magwero - 90%) mwa anthu South Vietnam ankachita Chibuda. Akuluakulu Komabe, lamanja la States, analenga zinthu zimene ochepa Catholic zinali ndi ubwino kwambiri pa Abuda. Katolika mosavuta kusunthira ntchito makwerero, iwo Amawapatsa m'njira zambiri, pamene otsatira Buddha ndi ankapatsidwa monga nzika wachiwiri kalasi.

Abuda ambiri akhala akulimbana ndi ufulu wawo, mfundo zofunika mu nkhondoyi anakhala 1963. Mu May chaka chino, South Vietnamese akuluakulu chinalepheretsa Chibuda phwando la Vesak, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi khamu la anthu, zimene zinachititsa kuti imfa ya anthu asanu. M'tsogolo, zinthu m'dziko anapitiriza iwonongeke.

Kudziona immolation wa mmonke wachibu-

June 10, 1963 ena atolankhani American ntchito ku South Vietnam, inali kudziŵika kuti zichitike chinachake zofunika tsiku lotsatira kutsogolo kwa Chikambodiya akazembe. Anthu ambiri kulabadira uthenga uwu, koma Atolankhani akadali ochepa m'mawa anafika pa malo yoikika. Kenako ofesi ya kazembe omangika chionetsero cha Chimonko, kutsogozedwa ndi galimoto galimoto galimoto Quang Duc. ophunzira anabwera ndi zikwangwani omwe amafuna kuti avomere kufanana zinalembedwa.

Kenako, M'buda Chimonko, amene poyamba zinakonzedwa ndi kukonzekera kudziona immolation, anatenga meditative aima, ndi wina anzake anachoka mu galimoto ndi petulo canister nawatsanulira zili pamwamba pa mutu wake. Quang Duc Nayenso ikamawerengedwa "The kukumbukira za Buddha", akachoka machesi amaika moto yekha. Anthu amene analipo pa bwaloli pa magawo a apolisi anayesetsa kuti tiyandikire mmonke Quang Duc koma m'munsili ansembe palibe sanaulule izo, kupanga mphete padziko amoyo.

anafikapo

Apa pali chimene Davide Halberstam, mtolankhani wa nyuzipepala ya New York Times, kuona kudzikonda immolation, "Ine ndikuganiza ine ndiyenera kuona pamaso kachiwiri, koma kamodzi anali woposa munthu zokwanira linali kuyaka moto, thupi lake wabwerera ndipo inasanduka phulusa. mutu linada ndi charred. zinkaoneka kuti zonsezi zikuchitika pang'onopang'ono koma nthawi yomweyo ndinaona munthu watentha msanga zokwanira fungo la moto thupi la umunthu, kulira khamu kuzungulira Vietnamese. ... ndinali mu mkhalidwe mantha ndipo sanathe kulira ine ndinali sakudziwabe Y ndipo kotero anadabwa atamva zoti kuti sangathe kufunsa mafunso kapena chinachake kulemba Kodi ndinene -. Sindinathe ngakhale kuganiza ankaoneka omva alipo mmodzi yekha moto wa Chimonko, amene nthawi yonseyi anali kuyendayenda ndi sanatero. ine kulankhula phokoso limodzi. "

maliro

Kumaliro a mmonke wachibu- anaikidwa pa June 15, koma kenako deti anali kulephereka kwa 19 TH tsiku. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mtembo wake anali mmodzi wa makachisi, komwe pambuyo anatitumiza ku manda. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti thupi Quang Duc anali unachita kutenthedwa, koma moto simunandikhudze mtima wake, amene wakhala labwinobwino ndipo lopatulika. Chibuda mmonke amene kudziletsa immolation chidaperekedwa kuti tikwaniritse zolinga wamba Abuda onse, anazindikira kuti bodhisattva, ndiye munthu ndi kudzutsidwa kutsitsimuka.

M'tsogolo, akuluakulu South Vietnam anapita kulimbana ndi otsatira a Chibuda. Choncho, mu August, asilikali a zachitetezo anayesa kulanda zinthu zakale otsala atafa Quang Duc. Iwo anakwanitsa kutenga mtima wa Chimonko, koma pitiliza phulusa lake sadakhoza. Komabe, mavuto M'buda, zomwe zinali zodzaza mu 1963, posakhalitsa unatha usilikali ankachitika chiwembu nagubuduza Pulezidenti wotheratu.

Pomaliza

Malcolm Brown, mmodzi wa atolankhani omwe analipo pa malo kudziletsa immolation wa mmonke wachibu-, anakwanitsa kutenga zithunzi zimene zikuchitika. Zithunzi izi anaikidwa pa tsamba kutsogolo manyuzipepala zikuluzikulu padzikoli, kupanga chochitikacho wakhala phindu ndale. Pomaliza pake, South Vietnamese anthu utakwaniritsa Kuzindikila ufulu wawo, ndinali mmonke wachibu- amene kudziletsa immolation chidaperekedwa kwa phindu, anakhala wopambana dziko.