Myxoma za mtima: matenda ndi mankhwala

myxoma ndi chimodzi mwa zotupa ambiri. Nthawi zina, matenda kumachitika chifukwa kutengera za kumtundu. Mtima chotupa - myxoma - ambiri mwa akazi zaka 40 ndi anyamata.

The pathogenesis matendawa

Ambiri chosaopsa chotupa cha mtima akuluakulu - myxoma ana - rabdimioma.

Matenda ali variable mawonetseredwe ovutika chifukwa zifukwa pakuwonekera kwake kungakhale:

1. Human Papilloma Virus.

2. Epstein-Barr HIV.

3. Herpes.

zotupa mtima n'zochepa kwambiri. Iwo ali a mitundu iwiri:

1. zotupa chachikulu ochokera ku maselo a connective ndi kuthandiza minofu mpanda wa ventricles za mtima. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi mtima wabwino.

2. Secondary anapanga ngati pali zotupa pafupi mtima. Komanso maselo zoipa angafikire ku ziwalo kutali kudzera m'magazi.

90% milandu onse myxoma isanafalikire mu atrium kumanzere. Nthawi zina, matenda awa amapezeka molumikizana ndi ena, monga matenda adrenal, kapena zotupa khungu chosaopsa.

Myxoma mtima akhoza ungwiro, choncho anthu pa chiopsezo pakuwonekera kwake ayenera kukhala kafukufuku pachaka.

The matenda chithunzi cha matenda

Zizindikiro ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi kudalira pa malo ndi kukula kwa chotupa cha. Neoplasm kungachititse kuti wonongeka za mtima. Ngati chotupa ndi ili m'makoma kulephera mtima angagwe.

Zizindikiro tingachipeze powerenga za matendawa:

• mavuto okhazikika kupuma;

• chizungulire;

• palpitations mtima;

• dyspnea pa ntchito iliyonse thupi;

• ululu pachifuwa;

• paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea;

• imfa ya nthumbi.

Mukhoza kuona kufooka ambiri. Chotupa zingakhudze ntchito kuli nthambi mtima, kapena mbali yake yaing'ono akhoza kuchokamo, ndipo ndi magazi mu mapapo, mu ubongo ndi kutchinga magazi chotengera. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amafuna sitiroko - ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti munthu anapanga myxoma. Zizindikiro mosiyana zotsatirazi zizindikiro zina kumachitika:

• ambiri kusapeza;

• malungo;

• kutupa gawo lirilonse la thupi;

• kutsokomola;

• olowa ululu;

• zala tcheru, kusintha mitundu yao;

• cyanosis wa khungu.

Komanso, pamene pali kugunda osasamba, kukomoka ndi zotheka yatsoka a khunyu. Koma iwo amaoneka kwambiri kawirikawiri.

Pakati pa anthu amene apeza mtundu yachiwiri ya matenda, wakhala kuwonda, kuchuluka thukuta.

njira zofunikira kupeza matenda

The njira yabwino ndi zovuta matenda - ultrasound mtima, lotchedwa mu chinenero echocardiography akatswiri. Ndi inu mukhoza kuwona kukula kwa chotupa, malo ndi kuyenda.

Pali njira ziwiri phunziroli:

1. Mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound kafukufuku kudzera pachifuwa. Njira yabwino bwino kuti apeze komwe mtima myxoma. Matenda komanso Mzimuyo kukula chotupa cha.

2. Yachiwiri - otchedwa transesophageal echocardiography. Pamene ndondomeko anayambitsa yaing'ono akupanga kafukufuku kudzera mu kholingo. kafukufukuyu ikuchitika pansi ochititsa dzanzi kuwala kuletsa kusanza reflex. njirayi ndi oyenera matenda a zotupa zilonda monga sarcoma.

Panopa iwo ayamba kutsatira ntchito kompyuta ndi kumveka maginito tomography kuti kuona mtima.

Kutsimikiza matenda a myxoma matenda, madokotala analimbikitsa kukumana ndi mayesero zingapo:

• troponin;

• pachifuwa X-ray;

• ECG;

• mtima catheterization;

• mlingo wa electrolytes m'mwazi;

• Kugunda oximetry.

matenda masiyanidwe

Myxoma mtima amafuna wokwanira. zachipatala bwino. Kuphatikizapo kufunika ngati ndondomeko, monga kuphunzira mpweya m'mapapo mwanga ndi perfusion jambulani ntchito. Iwo anachita pofuna kupewa embolism m'mapapo mwanga chimayambitsa zikuluzikulu za matenda.

matenda masiyanidwe chofunika kusiyanitsa zizindikiro za zinthu zina matenda, monga:

• chachikulu m'mapapo mwanga oopsa;

• tricuspid vavu;

• mitral regurgitation;

• mitral stenosis;

• tricuspid stenosis.

Open opaleshoni ya mtima

Zabwino kwambiri mwanzeru njira chithandizo chokwanira kuchotsa myxoma ndi opaleshoni. Ngati dotolo adzadzipereka inu opareshoni, asaonetse motalika kwambiri. Kupewa mavuto, mankhwala ayenera idzachitika m'nthawi yake.

Mtundu wa opaleshoni ndi njira ambiri. opaleshoni Open mtima monga:

1. Kulambalala opaleshoni.

2. Valvuloplasty.

3. M'malo mavavu lapansi.

4. Kupatsidwa zina.

5. Opaleshoni kuti tikonzedwe matenda obadwa nawo a mtima.

Mu United States, madokotala kuchita za 750,000 lotseguka mtima maopaleshoni chaka chilichonse. njirayi amafuna mankhwala oletsa ululu komanso m'chipatala, amene ranges kuchokera masiku atatu khumi, malingana ndi ntchito. Nthawi zina, mtima ndi kuika mu chipatala kuposa mwezi umodzi.

popanga munthu opaleshoni

Chifukwa opaleshoni yotsegula mtima, dokotalayo akupanga ang'ambe thupilo yaitali malangizo kotenga pamodzi pamwamba pa breastbone pansi pake kudzera pakhungu ndi minofu kenako kumaliza kulowa pachifuwa patsekeke. retractors Special kuligwira lotseguka. Pofuna pamtima, dokotalayo ali kutsegula pericardium, atetezeke pericardial sac azinga mtima.

Nthawi zambiri, amasiyako china mu malo lotseguka pambuyo opaleshoni udzatha. Izi ndi zofunika kuchepetsa nthawi ntchito ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba postoperative.

Kuti phukusi opaleshoni m'pofunika kukwaniritsa zinthu zotsatirazi:

• ntchito kulambalala mouzirira;

• zinthu zonse ziyenera kuti chosawilitsidwa.

Nditamaliza opaleshoni, dokotalayo limabwezeretsa magazi mumtima mwa ndondomeko. Madokotala kuchepetsa kutentha thupi m'mbuyo ntchito ya thupi. Ndiye yafupika magazi ndiponso kugunda kwa mtima. Dokotalayo amaika zimfundo n'kofunika kutero (adzakhala kuonekera kwa zaka zingapo).

Kamodzi pochotsa opaleshoni myxoma mtima inayenda bwino, mtima wa imatumizidwa kuchipatala chifukwa kuonerera zina.

Kodi mavuto angayambe odwala?

Opaleshoni si nthawi zonse popanda mavuto. Nthawi zina, ntchito chachiwiri chofunika. Kuchotsa myxoma muyenera gulu wabwino wa madokotala ndi madokotala ena, kotero chirichonse chinali apamwamba msinkhu.

Zovuta pa opaleshoni:

1. Magazi chifukwa anticoagulation.

2. Air embolism pa kulambalala mouzirira zimene zingachititse kusisita.

3. N'kovuta kuchira kugunda kwa mtima.

4. zolakwa opaleshoni.

5. Zosayembekezereka anomalies anatomical kale wapezeka.

zosokonezeka General angayambe ngakhale pambuyo opaleshoni kuti:

1. Magazi mu malo a ntchito kapena padziko sutures opaleshoni.

2. Infection.

3. magazi kuundana kuti angachititse embolism m'mapapo mwanga, sitiroko.

4. Arrhythmia.

5. Matenda oopsa ndi matenda a mtima.

Mwamsanga kuyankha aliyense matendawo pamwamba, wodwalayo yatsala kuyang'aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala cha mtima opaleshoni odwala mwakayakaya kwa maola 12-48.

Kodi chingachitike ngati sachita opaleshoni?

odwala ambiri amakana opaleshoni. Kwenikweni chifukwa cholephera kuopa imfa pa tebulo opaleshoni. Koma ngati si, myxoma mtima azitsogolera angapo matendawo:

1. Zotumphukira embolism.

2. Arrhythmia.

3. M'mapapo mwanga edema.

Matendawa chosaopsa zotupa ndi isanafalikire mkati mwa mtima. Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro, chifukwa angathe kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu.

Ngakhale chotupa ndi mtima wabwino sizitanthauza kuti Sikuti kuchitira. Kukula kwa zotupa mkati mwa mtima akhoza asagwiritse otaya magazi kudzera valavu mitral ndi chifukwa zosiyanasiyana zizindikiro za stenosis mitral.

Ngati inu kapena aliyense wa m'banja lanu akukumana zizindikiro za matenda kudziwitsa dokotala anu yomweyo.

Chiyembekezo ndi Kusintha

Kafukufuku pambuyo opaleshoni yotsegula mtima kumadalira chifukwa cha kuwukira lapansi. Anthu ambiri kale pambuyo miyezi iwiri kubwerera ku zinthu zonse, koma ulendo dokotala n'kofunika. Kutheka mavuto yafupika nthawi.

Ambiri M'malo mwake, m'pofunika kusintha moyo. Kawirikawiri, pankhani ya chakudya ndi thupi. Cardiologists malangizo chakudya zakudya ndi kuchita maphunziro tsiku, amene anatsimikiza payekha.