Ndi amafotokoza zimene

Kuwulula kufunsa kuti umboni, ziyenera kuti iye, pokhala mbiri zalembedwa la Russia wakale, ndi pamanja anawasema mabuku amene amanena za zochitika kuti mumve.

Mapale ndi chidwi ndi azambiriyakale, akatswiri a zinenero, ethnologists ndi akatswiri a zinenero, chifukwa iwo ali gwero la kuphunzira zaka zapitazi, chifukwa imene tingathe kudziwa zochitika za msinkhu winawake, komanso chinenero, chikhalidwe ndi miyambo. Komanso, pa maziko a mbiri yawo yamakono kwalembedwa.

Annals Lazaro zolembedwa monga munthu (Nestor mbiri), ndipo magulu lonse (Ipatyevsky kunyumba). Pakali pano, ndi anawasema mbiri kuti sanapulumuke pachiyambi, iwo kulibe mu anasintha makope gwero.

Nkhani wamkulu Russia akuti ndi "The nthano ya makedzana Zaka", umene unalembedwa mu Kiev mu XII atumwi. ndi drafters kwa ntchitoyo anali kufotokoza zochitika m'mbiri yakale zimene zinachitika kudutsa mphamvu. Mpaka XVII olemba m'ma zinalembedwa m'malo ndi kalonga Court mabuku lonse. ntchito imeneyi anasangalala ulemu kwa anthu chifukwa ankakhulupirira kuti kumathandiza kuti chilengedwe cha chuma chachikulu kwa mibadwo.

Poganizira kuti mbiri, tisaiwale kuti dzina lake amamwa ku mawu "M'chaka ...", limene limayamba nkhani zonse. marekodi amenewa pang'onopang'ono anasonkhana anawasema, zimene m'magulu malinga malo awo kukonzekera kapena zochitika (Kiev, Pskov, Novgorod ndi ena). Pali ziganizo zonse zosiyana ndi kusankha uthenga, ndi chifukwa kuti pakapita nthawi, akufufuta wanda otchedwa.

Mbiri zinalembedwa ambiri mzinda wakale, chachikulu chimene ankaona kuti zotsatirazi:

1. Laurentian mndandanda (chiyambi osadziwika) - limavumbula chiyambi cha Kievan Yairo ndi akulongosola ulamuliro wa Prince Vladimir. Ambiri wokhutira ndi "nthano ya makedzana Zaka".

2. Nestorovsky kapena Khlebnikov mndandanda (chiyambi osadziwika) - limafotokoza ulamuliro wa Alexander I.

3. mndandanda wa Radziwill (analembedwa m'zaka za zana XV) - ali zambiri m'mafanizo, wotchedwa nkhope. Kope woyamba chinapangidwa mu 1716, ndipo mu 1767 inafalitsidwa mu utumiki popanda chilango chilichonse.

Choncho, podziwa kuti mbiri yoipa imeneyi, yang'anani mmene linapangidwa. Choncho, gwero zolemba kulemba anali zazing'ono ngozi zolemba, m'dongosolo limene zinachitikira, komanso nthano zosiyanasiyana ndi nyimbo. zipangizo zonse anali kukonzedwa ndi woyambitsa ndi lagona pa olembedwa anawasema mbiri.

Malingana ndi kumene zochitika amadziŵika Novgorod, Kiev, Pskov mbiri, ndi wina wotchedwa Galicia-Volyn amafotokoza ndi kumpoto kum'mawa.

Old Russian mabuku izo - zipilala mbiri anapulumuka ndipo unachita kwambiri mu kukula kwa Mama wathu. Ndipo ngakhale mu nthawi ya otsutsa nkhondo massively anatentha mabuku sitolo mu zigawo ndi mchitidwe umenewu, tidakali ndi mwayi kuphunzira mbiri makope anapangidwa kuchokera magwero wapachiyambi.

Komabe, si malekodi onse ndinu nduna, ambiri a iwo ndi zolemba mseri (mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani ya Prince Ivan Vasilyevich kampeni ya Ugra Mungapeze Vasiana). Komanso, anthu ena tapangidwa mu utumiki wa makolo awo, ndipo chronographs - zochitika Russian.

Choncho, kumvetsa kuti amafotokoza ndi ndi momwe iwo unalengedwa, Ndizachidziwikire kuti lero, chifukwa zikalata yakale imeneyi ndi zolembalemba, tili ndi lingaliro za moyo, miyambo ndi chikhalidwe cha makolo athu. Cholowa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kulikonse masiku ano.