Ndondomeko piping: unsembe, malangizo ndi malamulo a ntchito

A yambiri ya zinthu zazikulu za ntchito yomanga ku yoyenga mafuta, zitsulo, makampani chakudya wapatsidwa dongosolo ndondomeko mapaipi. Iwo kumathandiza kwambiri kugwira ntchito machitidwe njira. Komanso, mapaipi zamakono ntchito ulimi, kachitidwe Kutentha ndi mafakitale zina zambiri.

mfundo zofunika

Ngalande - chipangizo kwa kayendetsedwe zosiyanasiyana zinthu. Amakhala zigawo chitoliro, kulumikiza ndi mavavu, zokha ndi fasteners.

Kodi tingati ndi lingaliro la "mapaipi zamakono?" Khama chimakhazikitsa iwo monga dongosolo la makonzedwe a mabizinezi mafakitale omwe amadutsa theka-atha ndipo yomalizidwa mankhwala, komanso zinthu zofunika yokonza ndondomeko lonse.

payipi Location

Mu ndondomeko ya atagona ndikofunikira kugwira malangizo awa:

• ndondomeko piping ayenera kutalika osachepera;
• kale zosavomerezeka sagging ndi kuchulukana;
• kumafika kulamulira ndondomeko;
• n'zotheka kukonza popanga zipangizo wolunjika zida;
• kupereka kutchinjiriza kwa malowedwe zopinga chinyezi ndipo kufunda;
• Payipi chitetezo motsutsana kuwonongeka;
• ufulu kayendedwe ka moto wozimitsa zida ndi kukweza njira.

The kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino za otsetsereka

Opaleshoni ndondomeko piping lili amasiya mwadzidzidzi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ntchito kwagona otsetsereka, amene adzapereka wopondereza chitoliro kanthu. chipangizo amapereka zotsatirazi ndondomeko mapaipi ndingaliro ngodya malingana ndi madzimadzi zoperekedwa (makhalidwe ali madigiri):

• gaseous sing'anga: mu galimoto malangizo - 0.002, ndi iye - 0.003;
• Loyenda zinthu madzi - 0.002;
• acidic ndi zamchere sing'anga - 0,005;
• zinthu za kukhuthala mkulu kapena bystrozastyvayuschie - mpaka 0,02.

Kapangidwe mwina sanaphatikize ndi kukondera, ndiye ayenera kupatsidwa miyezo wapadera kulowa payipi ya.

ntchito kukonzekera

Unsembe wa mapaipi zamakono ayenera limodzi ndi njira zotsatirazi:

1. Onani tsatanetsatane wa ntchito ndipo anapanga kusintha.
2. Mlingo wa kukonzekera kwa nyumba yomanga ndi kumanga unsembe.
3. Ankalamulira zida mzere zovekera zofunika, zinthu ndi zambiri.
4. Anatengera osiyana piping zigawo ndi Chalk, monga mwa zikalata zolimbana.
5. Chongani wokonzeka malo kwa kanthawi kwa ntchito unsembe, zida ndi kuunikira, amapereka mphamvu kwa kuwotcherera, chifukwa ntchito okwera.
6. Anamvera malangizo zofunika pa chipangizo cha mapaipi mafakitale malinga ndi malamulo chitetezo.

kulemba njira

Opaleshoni imeneyi imakhala yosamutsira mwa nkhwangwa ogwiritsa zovekera ndi mfundo mwachindunji malo iwo adzaikidwa ndondomeko piping. KUFOTOKOZERA Kamangidwe danga angathe kuchitidwa zipangizo zotsatirazi:

• roleti;
• plumbs;
• yofanana;
• mlingo hayidiroliki;
• zidindo;
• mabwalo.

Ngati kapangidwe nyumba yaikidwa ambiri mapaipi zamakono, kwambiri yafupika nthawi yoikidwayo kwa mawonekedwe, ndi ntchito masanjidwe wapadera. Iwo amapereka chifaniziro zithunzi za malo mizere chitoliro kwa kapangidwe nyumbayi. zinthu zonse ntchito pambuyo chodetsa kutsimikizira ndi polojekiti, ndi kupitirira kwa Kukhazikitsa nyumba ya akuthandiza.

Unsembe wa zogwiriziza ndi anchorages

Pa dongosolo la nyumba maziko ayenera kuperekedwa mipata atagona wa akapichi wa yolusa thandizo. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi makina. Pa unsembe wa zogwiriziza ayamikira zikuyenera kuchitika:

1. mapaipi zopangapanga kuti ndi n'kupuma zogwiriziza tafotokozazi amati khazikitsa fasteners umakhala pafupi zida ndi fixture. Kuika mapaipi thandizo ayenera dwi, osalola kusintha. Zofunikira omwewo anakumana poyerekezera ndi goli.
2. Thandizo makina wokwera kuti n'zotheka kuyenda yosalala payipi ulere kuwakomera pakakhala chosowa. Iwo ayenera kupeza chitetezo cha kutchinjiriza matenthedwe ndi kusuntha mungathe kufutukukako.
3. Onse settable erector thandizo mapaipi zamakono ayenera zili zoletsedwa ndi yopingasa ndi choimirira. Kupereka n'zotheka zolakwika kuti akhoza musalumphe Malire awa:

• intrashop mapaipi - ± 5 mm;
• dongosolo kunja - ± 10 mm;
• zolakwika - 0,001 mm.

M'kabokosi mu kachitidwe wogwila

Izi zimafunika chilolezo chapadera, komanso pamalo ntchito ndi kupereka okhazikitsa wa mapaipi mafakitale, zomwe makamaka zimatenga anthu mizere. Agwire chimango pamene chigawo chimodzi latsopano yakwera chikugwirizana dongosolo alipo. Kawirikawiri Zikatero zakonzedwa kukhazikitsa chitsekere wolemera zida, koma ngati si kuti a dongosolo la masiku ano agwiritsa ntchito sidebar lapansi. Pali zinthu zingapo:

1. Mfundo panopa ayenera sakukhudzidwa ndi anadzikhuthula.
2. Mipope kuti kusamutsidwa mapangidwe flammable ndi zachiwawa, nthawi zonse zopanda nasamba.
3. China chotulutsa nipple ayenera mayeso waukuluwo. Komanso anaika pa zolembedwa zitsulo kalasi.
4. Kuwotcherera ntchito kwenikweni akugwirizira katswiri kwambiri oyenerera, ndi mwayi wapadera kwa nyumba yovuta.
5. Musanayambe kuti unsembe wa mapaipi mafakitale, polumikiza mfundo ali ndi mayeso onse.

Potero adayeretsa ndi ankatenthetsa

Chitoliro anasonkhana chinaperekedwa ku njira kuyeretsedwa potsata kukula kwa chitoliro ndi:

• awiri 150 mm - ndi chizitsukidwa;
• 150 mm - Nkhuntho mpweya;

Kutsuka mbali ayenera olekanitsidwa mizere ena piping ndi mapulagi. Rinsing ndi madzi imagwiridwa mpaka yamachubu m'madzi umayamba kuyenda popanda kuipitsidwa. Potero adayeretsa ikuchitika kwa mphindi 10. Njirazi ntchito ngati njira sasamalira mfundo zina mankhwala. Pambuyo ntchito, inu muli okonzekera mayesero amene akutsatiridwa m'njira ziwiri: hayidiroliki ndi pneumatic.

mayesero hayidiroliki

Pamaso afufuze ndondomeko piping ogaŵikana m'madera osiyana makonzedwe ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo zotsatirazi:

• kulamulira anayendera zithunzi;
• yachinsinsi cha zolembedwa luso;
• khazikitsa mavavu mpweya, mapulagi zosakhalitsa (ntchito analetsa zonse zida);
• kuchokera mayeso imeneyi;
• polumikiza mayeso gawo ku mpope hayidiroliki.

Choncho, ndi kufufuzidwa pa nthawi yomweyo mphamvu ndi osalimba a ngalande za. Pofuna kukhazikitsa mlingo wa mphamvu amaonanso mtengo wapadera wa kuthamanga mayeso:

• Mapaipi a zitsulo, unathandizira pa mavuto opaleshoni mpaka 5 makilogalamu / m². Ukulu mayeso chizindikiro - 1.5 pa kuthamanga opaleshoni koma osachepera 2 kgf / m².
• Zitsulo mipope ukugwirira ntchito pa kuthamanga kuposa 5 makilogalamu / m². Mtengo chizindikiro chinali 1,25 chifukwa mayeso a kuthamanga ntchito;
• Osewera chitsulo, pulasitiki ndi galasi - 2 makilogalamu / m².
• Mapaipi anapanga zitsulo nonferrous - 1 makilogalamu / m².
• Pakuti mipope yopangidwa ndi zisulo ena - 1,25 ntchito anzawo.

Ukhala nthawi pansi pa mtengo atathana kuthamanga mphindi 5, kokha chifukwa chitoliro galasi ndi kuchuluka kanayi.

mayesero pneumatic

Kuti ayese ntchito mpweya wothinikizidwa kapena mpweya inert, wochokera fakitale kapena Intaneti ya compressors wonyamulikayu. njira woyanjidwa milandu kumene sikutheka hayidiroliki kuyezetsa kwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana: kupanda madzi, otsika kwambiri kutentha, komanso voteji oopsa kumachitika pa kulemera kwa madzi pomanga payipi ya. Tanthauzo mayeso kuthamanga malire zimadalira kukula kwa payipi ndi:

• pamene m'mimba mwake wa mapaipi 200 mm - 20 kgf / m²;
• 200-500 mm - 12 kgf / m²;
• pa 500 mm - 6 makilogalamu / m².

Ngati zoipazi kuchepetsa wina, moyo wotere malangizo apadera kuyezetsa ayenera kuphunzira.

Zimafunika mayesero pneumatic

kuyezetsa Pneumatic ndikoletsedwa m'nthaka kuponyedwa chitsulo ndi galasi nyumba. Zipangizo zina zonse kumene ndondomeko piping, pali zofunikira mwapadera kukayezetsa angathe kuchitidwa:

• mzere kuthamanga ukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono;
• anayendera akhoza kuchitika pamene mavuto nthawi 0,6 phindu opaleshoni (kulera mu njira ya ntchito si zomveka);
• Yang'anani kuchucha ndi madzi sopo opangidwa obmazyvaniem, pogogoda nyundo ndikoletsedwa.

Zotsatira hayidiroliki kuyesedwa pneumatic imatengedwa zogwira mtima ngati mu ndondomeko kukwaniritsa sizinkachitika dontho manometer kuthamanga.

Kufala mapaipi ntchito

Pamisinkhu onse unsembe asasanyika zikalata zogwirizana, kusunga ntchito, tolerances, kuyezetsa, etc. Iwo kunditumiza ku siteji ya kuika mapaipi monga zolembedwa m'munsichi, iwo monga:

• akhalidwe yoperekera nyumba thandizo;
• zikalata zipangizo kuwotcherera;
• Protocol mkati yoyeretsa ya payipi ya;
• amachita kuona ubwino wa mfundo welded;
• mapeto a mayesero mavavu;
• Mayeso amachita mphamvu ndi osalimba;
• mndandanda wa owotcherera, kupanga kugwirizana ndi zikalata kutsimikizira ziyeneretso awo;
• dera chitoliro mizere.

mapaipi zopangapanga adzakhala anasankhidwa pamodzi ndi zomera mafakitale ndi nyumba. Payokha akhoza lendi yekha intershop dongosolo.

Opaleshoni Malangizo ndondomeko mapaipi

Zodziwitsa anayendera kuyenera kuphatikizapo ntchito ngati:

1. Afufuze chikhalidwe luso pa anayendera zithunzi ndi njira nondestructive.
2. Chongani zokhudza maphunziro kuti kugwedera, zipangizo wapadera, kupeza pafupipafupi ake ndi matalikidwe.
3. Zovuta, zomwe tinachita njira ya audits m'mbuyomu.

Mofanana kwambiri ndi ntchito abwino ndondomeko piping, amene amaonetsetsa zoletsedwa ndi malamulo onse.

Pamwezi cheke dongosolo boma ayenera kuphimba zotsatirazi:

• Flanged kugwirizana;
• welds;
• kutchinjiriza ❖ kuyanika;
• kachitidwe ngalande,
• kubala ogwiritsa.

Ngati kuchucha zavumbulutsidwa, zifukwa chitetezo kuthamanga opaleshoni ayenera kuchepetsedwa kwa mizere mumlengalenga ndi matenthedwe ndi kutentha 60 ° C kuchepetsa kuti agwire kusaka kutero. Zotsatila za kuyenera kulembedwa mu magazini yapadera.

kafukufuku

Izi njira kulamulira ntchito kudziwa zokhudzana ndi ubongo ntchito ya mapaipi a. M'pofunika kuchita ndi kafukufuku pa kumadera masuku pamutu wa mapaipi zamakono ikuchitika zinthu makamaka kovuta. Dama kugwedera, dzimbiri kwambiri.

Payipi kafukufuku zikuphatikizapo masitepe amenewa:

1. Afufuze kapangidwe makulidwe nondestructive njira.
2. m'madera Muyeso sachedwa amalowa.
3. Control zimfundo welded, amene zokayikitsa.
4. Afufuze kugwirizana yamazinga.
5. State thandizo m'mabokosi.

Ulamuliro kafukufuku choyamba ayenera kuchitidwa mu kotala ya ndandanda mu malamulo, koma pasanafike 5 zaka pambuyo chiyambi cha chinthu. Chifukwa cha khalidwe yake ya chiphasochi ntchito abwino ndondomeko mapaipi adzapereka zinthu zofunikira.