Nkhaka mtanda: mitundu ndi mafotokozedwe awo. Features wa kulima nkhaka mtengo

Crunchy nkhaka wobiriwira ndikondwera aliyense nyakulima, chifukwa iwo amaoneka pa dzinja kanyumba yoyamba, kupatula pamene Palestina ankalima ndi anyezi wobiriwira komabe alibe kanthu kakudya. Choncho, masamba awa chiyambi cha chilimwe. Payokha, tiyenera ndikuuzeni inu za nkhaka mtanda. Zosiyanasiyana popanga kukolola yaikulu mosamala kochepa akuyenera kupeza yogawa wodziika. Ambiri a iwo, makampani osiyanasiyana agro kupereka zosiyanasiyana mitundu ano zipatso ndi matenda zosagwira mbewu imeneyi. Kodi chidwi nkhaka mtanda? Zosiyanasiyana ndi dongosolo limeneli la thumba losunga mazira ndi (wochedwanso buketnye) amapulumutsa malo m'dera munda ndi kwathunthu kuphimba kufunika kwa masamba atsopano. Iwo akhoza kukhala wamkulu pa makonde. Aliyense chitsamba chipereka osachepera 10 makilogalamu nkhaka chidwi. Ichi ndi chithunzi zidzasintha, nthawi zina ungapose bedi lonse.

Spring yofesa

wamaluwa ambiri nkhawa nkhani ya pamene kuyamba kufesa nkhaka mtanda. mitundu Awa m'banda yakucha, kotero si koyenera kuti tifulumire, mwinamwake inu mukhoza kuzindikira kuti chifukwa chosowa mbande kutentha ndi dzuwa adzakhala anawonjezera ndi adzataika kapena adzabweretsa kumuika zoipa. nthawi mulingo woyenera - ichi ndi mapeto a April kapena chiyambi cha May. Patangotha masabata 2 zolowetsa wochezeka wokonzeka kusintha zenera sill pa nthaka lotseguka, chinthu chachikulu kuti ndi bwino nthawi imeneyi-analimbikitsa pakama, ndi kutentha mpweya anali oyenera zikhalidwe izi thermophilic. Tikumbukenso kuti wodzichepetsa kwambiri anaona nkhaka mtanda. Mitundu chifukwa kudutsa mitundu iwiri yosiyana, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, koma zotsatira zake, ndiko kuti, zokolola, kwathunthu cholakwika mtengo wa mbewu.

kukonzekera mbande

Kudikira mvula ofunda, mukhoza kuyamba kubzala. Mtengo nkhaka kwa zakutchire ifeyo. Mbewu musati amafuna kalavulagaga pokonzekera kufesa. Kuti apatsidwe mphukira mwamtendere, kapena basi ayenera kuti adzuke kumera. Izi zachitika mu njira ya makolo, mbewu amizidwa madzi ofunda, kotero kuti iwo zatupa. Kawirikawiri izo zimatengera maola 5. Ndiye mbewu ofuna kudutsa mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi kusiya mpaka mizu. Izi pafupifupi 1-2 masiku. Nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu sanakule, kutalika mulingo woyenera kwambiri -. 0,5 kuti 1 cm Wautali akhoza kusiya pa kufesa.

An ulamuliro zofunika kutsatira: akuwukha mbewu mwakamodzi inu muyenera kukonzekera makapu payekha. Kufesa mu bokosi wamba sayesedwa wolungama, popeza nkhaka sadzalekerera ndi Sankhapo ndi kumuika. Pamene nthaka bwino ntchito yapadera kugula pansi anamveketsa chifukwa chodzala mitengo ya zipatso. Koma mukhoza kuphika komanso nokha.

Kusakaniza nthaka

Muyenera ndi nkhungu, ndi bwino manyowa. Mbali ayenera kuwonjezera amodzi kwa theka lawola utuchi ndi peat moor. osakaniza ayenera kuwonjezera fetereza. 10 makilogalamu a pansi kuziphatikiza 1 supuni dolomite ndi aliyense fetereza. Ayenera kukhala bwinobwino wosanganiza osakaniza, kukhetsa madzi ndi kuika mu mdima. Asanalankhule chodzala (paola) akufunika nthawi kuthira madzi. Mtolo nkhaka m'nthaka lotseguka, ndi zingafesedwe mwachindunji mu bedi maluwa. Iwo misapu masabata 2 kenaka kusiyana ndi amene anali wamkulu mu mphika pa zenera.

kufesa mbewu

mbewu Zidamera ookedwa mmodzimmodzi mu mphika payekha. Chabwino, ngati izo zidzakhala peat makapu. Kayamba kumera momasuka mwa iwo, kutanthauza kuti zomera zingabzalidwe mwachindunji mu makapu kumene adalikunkako. Mtengo-mtundu nkhaka kukula mofulumira kwambiri, patatha masiku awiri, mudzakhala ndi amphamvu, mphukira wochezeka. Ndiye muyenera kuchotsa tepi ndi kuika makapu pa sill zenera, kumene kutentha si upambana madigiri 20.

Care la mbande

Monga tanenera kale, ndi undemanding zomera. Care ndi yake kutsirira, madzi makamaka kumbuyo ndi kudya. Choyamba feteleza ayenera kupanga pambuyo masabata 2 pambuyo kufesa, ie, pa nthawi ya kubzala mu nthaka. Best organic, kotero inu mukhoza kutenga "Biud" kuchepetsedwa 1:20. The chachiwiri pamwamba kuvala yaikulu mu sabata pambuyo ankafika pa nthawi ino m'pofunika kutenga mchere fetereza. M'pofunika kupasuka wina supuni njira Integrated malita 5 madzi.

Musaiwale mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Nkhaka kwa zakutchire akhoza Pre-anabzala miphika kuti imathandizira kusasitsa awo, koma m'pofunika anaumitsa mbewu, kapena zovuta kunyamula kusintha kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. A masiku angapo pamaso kubzala ayenera kusiya kuthilira ndi kuyamba accustom mbande zinthu zachilengedwe. Kuchita ichi kubweretsa khonde kapena kuyamba kutsegula zenera: choyamba ora, ndiye theka la tsiku. Chinthu chachikulu - musaiwale kuteteza zomera drafts ndi dzuwa.

Nkhaka ndi mtolo malo thumba losunga mazira ndi wovuta kwambiri chonde. Ngati mbewu yochepa zakudya, gawo la Dries n'kuwasanganiza ndi silimba, choncho m'pofunika manyowa zonse. Njira yokhayo mudzatha ntchito kuthekera zonse mitundu izi.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa pamene kukula mitundu ya nkhaka mtengo

Pa nthawi yofesa mbewu ndi kale zofunika kukonzeketsera Bedi zomera m'tsogolo. pafupi masiku 10 chodzala nkhaka nthaka ayenera bwino ukala. Muyenera manyowa kapena humus ndi mchere feteleza. tsiku lina pamaso disembarkation zochuluka kutsanulira duwa bedi. Ndi nthawi ya ikamatera n'kofunika kuti nthaka pa akuya 10 cm analimbikitsa digiri 10. Nkhaka lotseguka pansi anabzala kuzungulira m'ma May. Ndi nthawi kuti afika kale chofunika kutentha.

Nkhaka ndi mtengo n'kuwasanganiza sindimakonda kudziponya, Choncho tsatira malamulo kubzala. zitsime zinali zakuti mu mzere, pafupifupi 40 cm. Kuya zitsime ndi za 10-12 cm. Pofuna kuteteza mizu wachifundo tizirombo pamaso kubzala anatsanulira mu aliyense chitsime cha lita imodzi ofunda njira ya permanganate potaziyamu. maola awiri pamaso Thirani ayenera bwino madzi ndi kugwedeza ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi. Air kutentha pa ikamatera ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 madigiri. Kuti nkhaka anali ukufalikira kwambiri, muyenera nyengo zambiri otentha, pafupifupi 25, ndipo kwa fructification - 30 madigiri. Ngati chilimwe inali ozizira, zomera misapu si zochuluka ngati iwo akanakhoza.

Nkhaka kwa panja ayenera kutetezedwa frosts mochedwa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kudzakhala pa mabedi waku Arc, amene, ngati n'koyenera, filimuyi lidakali. Pamene anaopsezedwa chisanu zadutsa, kawirikawiri izo zimachitika pambuyo June 10, Arc chikutha ndi kukoka waya kudzera zomera adzakhala trudge.

Onetsetsani kuumba mbewu. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mu axils wa choyamba masamba anayi kuchotsa maluwa onse akazi, komanso kuti kufupikitsa mphukira mpaka masentimita 5. Kenako nkusani ndipamene mtengo nkhaka woyamba, apa kuchotsa mphukira mbali, kusiya masamba imodzi kapena ziwiri. Mtengo lachitatu akhoza kusiya awiri ndi pepala. Motero, nkusani zotsatirazi ndi kuberekana kwambiri. atatu mtengo masamba mukhoza kukula. Pamene tsinde umalandira waya ndi kukonza pa izo, ife tikhoza kupereka mwayi kukula kumbuyo ngakhale angapo masamba ndi mitolo ya n'kuwasanganiza, ndiyeno kutsina mbewu.

Kuthirira mtengo nkhaka muyenera za kamodzi pa masiku awiri. Nkofunika nthawi anamasuka seedbed. Muyenera fetereza iwiri iliyonse. Kumayambiriro ili taphunzira za mchere zovuta organic fetereza.

Nkhaka "mtengo ulemerero F1»

Izi gherkin wosakanizidwa. Precocious, kudzikonda mungu wamkazi maluwa mtundu, anaikira lotseguka munda kapena greenhouses masika. Zipatso zambiri kwambiri, izo kwambiri yovuta pa zinthu kutentha mwachangu analimbikitsa inu masamba atsopano ndi yophukira mochedwa. Kwambiri kuwala okonda zomera, nthambi pafupifupi zoipa kapena pamwambapa, mfundo 7 unakhazikitsidwa pa thumba losunga mazira ndi. Mtundu uwu wa gulu la wobiriwira ku gome lanu. Mkulu kukoma ndi mchere-❖ kuyanika khalidwe la chipatso ochuluka kukopa chidwi cha truckers mu kalasi. Mbewu mtengo nkhaka ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa ena, koma zotsatira n'kosathandiza. mbewu zisanu (nkhani za mapaketi muyezo) kungakupatseni kupereka tchire asanu, amene udzabala padziko makilogalamu 50 pa nyengo. Zophatikiza kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery cinoni, gummy maolivi, nkhaka zithunzi HIV, wololera kuti downy malo. Nkhaka "mtengo kukongola" mwangwiro kusamutsa kuzirala Choncho akulimbikitsidwa kumpoto.

Green chozizwitsa pa khonde

Masiku ano anthu ambiri kusiya munda chifukwa chosowa nthawi yokonza ake. Komabe ine ndimakonda kudya kunyumba wamkulu masamba. Pakuti ichi nkhaka wangwiro mtengo. Iwo anapereka kukolola lochuluka ndi bwino analekerera mu zinthu zonse. The zosiyanasiyana odziwika bwino - ndi nkhaka "khonde F1». Ndi kudzikonda mungu wochokera wosakanizidwa mtundu mtengo-wamkazi wa maluwa. Nthambi ndi mbali ofooka kwambiri akuwombera pafupifupi sakutero. The mfundo 4 aumbike pa n'kuwasanganiza ndi, Zelentsy masekeli mpaka 100 ga makhalidwe kwambiri.

Ambiri mwa anthu amene asankha kukula masamba mosabisa, zimatengera nkhaka "khonde F1». Koma fanizoli, tikhoza kupereka chimodzimodzi chidwi mtundu wa "mkanda F1». Izi kopitilira muyeso-kudya chomera womera bwino ndi kubala zipatso mu zinthu chipinda. Malolistvennoe zomera, zili mu nyumba yaing'ono. Komanso zosiyanasiyana izi amalola mthunzi, kutanthauza ungatithandize mbewu ngakhale mu nyumba ndi mawindo zinayang'ana kubwalo.

Pakati pa mitundu ina zoweta Tingaone monga "balalaika", "ulendo", "Diana", "kuyenda", "mtima" ndi 'mwachita bwino ". Musaiwale kuti aliyense mphika chomera muyenera mphamvu osachepera 1 chidebe. M'kuunika wabwino, akhoza kukula kwa mamita 3, kotero muyenera nthawi kutsina iwo.

Mtengo-ololera gherkin

zosiyanasiyana china chachikulu - ndi nkhaka "kukhala wathanzi." Ndi kudzikonda mungu zipatso zosiyanasiyana maluwa wamkazi. Nkhaka ang'ono, pafupifupi 6 masentimita m'litali. Good mu pickling ndi saladi, kulawa woyenera kulemekezedwa. The mfundo anapanga 6 mazira. Nthambi pafupifupi chitsamba Yankho bwino formirovke. Izi nkhaka m'nthaka lotseguka, kuti kufulumizitsa fruiting, mungathe kumanga wowonjezera kutentha masika.

Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery cinoni, matenda mabakiteriya nkhaka zithunzi HIV. Ndi matenda amenewa amakhala chifukwa cha chiwonongeko chotheratu cha mbewu ndi kupanda yokolola. Izi nkhaka m'nthaka lotseguka, ndi bwino ndinazolowera kotentha nyengo, kugonjetsedwa kwa kuziziritsa kutentha ndi chiyani sadzalekerera kutentha kwambiri.

Mtengo oyambirira nkhaka

Pali mitundu ingapo kuti amadziwika wamaluwa precocity ake. Izi "mayi apongozi F1», kuchokera kumera kwa fruiting ndi masiku 48. Kuyamba phwando nkhaka kumayambiriro June, ayenera anabzala mbewu m'ma April. Zambiri maluwa bedi zingabzalidwe mu m'ma May mpaka pansi, chiyambi cha July mudzakhala ndi funde wachiwiri wa mbewu. Zophatikiza "mayi apongozi" kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ndi matenda yodziwika ndi mkulu zokolola.

zosiyanasiyana wina zidzasintha - ndi "Piccolo F1». Oyambirira kukhwima, kudzikonda mungu, ndi zokolola kwambiri. Aliyense nkusani kukula kwa thumba losunga mazira zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kuyambira chodzala kuti fruiting zimatenga masiku 40 okha. Zipatso zokoma, ndi ena kuwawa. "Annie F1» adzalola inu kusonkhanitsa onse chilimwe mwatsopano masamba. Yosalala kucha cultivar zimapangitsa wotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa. "Zyatek F1» - kukhwima hybrid, zomwe zinatsala chikondi cha anthu chilimwe. Ndi mbewu iliyonse kudzuka kwa makilogalamu 7 zipatso zosiyanasiyana, popanda kuwawidwa mtima. mbande zomera obzalidwa m'ma April, ndipo mu nthaka mochedwa May.

kuti adzimvera

Mtolo nkhaka - ndi hybrids ano, amene kuphatikiza makhalidwe abwino mbewu izi. Iwo ali wodzichepetsa ndi zipatso pafupifupi zinthu aliyense. Kutentha kusinthasintha zimawononga nkhaka wa apamwamba alibe mphamvu pa iwo. The kuphatikiza chachiwiri - precocity izi. Popeza kubzala kwa fruiting limatenga 40 masiku. wamaluwa tonse tikudziwa mmene nkhaka amaopa matenda osiyanasiyana. Patangotha masiku ochepa, powdery cinoni angawononge lonse maluwa bedi. Mtengo mitundu ndi kugonjetsedwa pafupifupi matenda onse, lochitidwa kwa zomera. Ndipo pomalizira pa mndandanda, koma osati chosafunikira wofunika - ndi kukoma ubwino wa nkhaka. Iwo zofewa popanda mkwiyo, wangwiro saladi, salting kapena pickling. Mkulu zokolola kumaposa zonse zimene timayembekezera: m'mikhalidwe mulingo woyenera (yake kuthirira ndi kudya) ndi chitsamba limodzi zingabweretse mpaka 10 mg wa masamba. A nambala yaikulu mitundu amalola aliyense kusankha chimene akufuna iye koposa. Ngakhale mtengo, ndi pang'ono mbewu mu thumba, mtengo kalasi chifukwa cha kwathunthu zifukwa ndalama zimenezi. Ngakhale ngati mulibe chiwembu munda, kukonzekera miphika ochepa lalikulu ndi kudzala nkhaka pa khonde.