Nkhupakupa m'dera Rostov: maonekedwe, mitundu, chithunzi. Kodi pali nthata encephalitis m'dera Rostov?

Mu May 2015 m'dera Rostov anathetsa Mafunso Chongani kuluma munthu wamwalira, membala wa Russian njanji, yokhazikika Zimovnikovsky District. Kuganizira pa famu lakutali, kuchipatala, iye anatembenuka mochedwa kwambiri.

Nkhupakupa kupita!

Mu May 2013th chifukwa woyamba wa imfa bango ndipo izo zinachitika pomwe pano, m'chigawo Rostov. Mu 2014, mfundo ziwiri imfa nsikidzi acari ankalembedwa. Nkhupakupa m'dera Rostov tsopano nkhondo yotere chenicheni cha zifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, kutentha mwadzidzidzi chinathandiza chilengedwe cha zinthu zabwino kwa kutsegula oyambirira arthropods. Kachiwiri, chifukwa nkhupakupa, osati popanda thandizo la munthu analengedwa zinthu zonse kuswana, ndipo aliyense mkazi akhoza kuika mazira 1,000 mpaka 17,000. Komabe, chiwerengero cha kupulumuka ichi.

The zifukwa kuukira Pridonya

Livestock anawononga dera. Thousandths ng'ombe ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, mamilioni a nkhosa, kuponderezedwa pamaso udzu, zachilengedwe malo nthata, palibe. Sanitization m'madera anachita bwino chifukwa mtengo wake mkulu. Zonsezi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti nkhupakupa mu Rostov okhala dera kuukira mu backyards zawo. Chinthu chowopsya kuti arachnids izi arthropods m'kalasimo kuchititsa Crimea haemorrhagic malungo, encephalitis, ndipo ambiri matenda ena amapha.

Ogwirira-bloodsuckers

Nthawi 11 Mafunso Chongani kulumidwa olembedwa m'deralo, zinachititsa kuti matenda KGL. Umaimira "Crimea haemorrhagic malungo." Pakali pano, Don olembedwa 7 mitundu ya bloodsucking nthata kuti aukire anthu. Ndipo ogwirira amaiona njira ya prokormitelya magazi ofunda pa mtunda wa mamita 5. Iwo osati amalimbikitsidwa angapezeke pa msinkhu wa 1 mita. Species nthata m'dera Rostov ndi mayina otsatirawa mu Latin: Hyalomma marginatum ndi N. scupense, D. Marginatus ndi R. rossicns, I. ricinus, I. laguri ndi Haem. punctata. Posachedwapa, mu 2008 chokha, tinakumana yekha Mabaibulo angapo a arthropods izi magazi woyamwa, ndipo tsopano anagwira pafupifupi dera lonse. A nkhani za sayansi mtundu uliwonse wa zotsatira pano sizimatanthauza onsewo ali ndi zinthu zofanana.

Maluwa a matenda oopsa

Nkhupakupa m'dera Rostov, makamaka nkhupakupa ali ndi matenda imeneyi - pamwamba CHF, Q malungo, tularemia, ndi yoopsa, matenda chaka chino m'chigawo cha matenda zachilengedwe mogwirizana monga matenda Lyme kapena matenda Lyme. Kalikiliki mu nthata Proletarian, Sal, Volgodonsk, Veselovsky ndi Martynovsky District. M'dera wolembedwa milandu 900 Mafunso Chongani ndi kuluma munthu.

Ambiri m'munda wa view

ndi majeremusi zimenezi? Acarologists (sayansi kuti amaphunzira nthata) ananena 40,000 ya mtundu wawo, kuphatikizapo Ixodes, kapena parazitoformnyh, bloodsucking acari mukudziwa pang'ono kuposa 650 mitundu. Ndani mwa iwo ndi nthata m'dera Rostov? Photo, zaikidwa m'munsimu, amasonyeza umodzi wa bloodsuckers achangu. Mtundu ambiri kuti anagunda 43 chigawo 11 Mizinda dera, ndi D. marginatus, amene n'zosavuta kwambiri kuti azolowere chilengedwe ndi nthumwi causative matenda transmissible, ndiye, iye, kwenikweni, - chonyamulira cha matenda opatsirana kwa munthu wina ndi mzake.

Ntchito

A wogulitsa a Crimea malungo, mtundu HT marginatum, kufalitsa m'maboma 40 ndiponso mizinda 9, ngakhale kale kuti lingapezeke m'dera kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa. Monga tanenera kale, kuphetsa zonsezi zinachitika chifukwa cha matenda a CHF anthu, pamene mitundu isanu analembedwa dera Rostov, angachititse mulu wonse wa matenda aakulu. chifukwa mwina tiziromboti ndi kuphwanya khungu (amene sakhoza anachita), ndi chabe Mafunso Chongani kuluma. Rostov dera inanena Utumiki wa mwadzidzidzi ndi Rospotrebnadzor, akukumana nkhondo ya arthropods izi. zinthu ndi woopsya kwambiri kuti ngakhale mtengo mkulu, polimbana ndi majeremusi ameneŵa anamasulidwa miliyoni 11,5 rubles. Cholinga - processing m'dera Rostov. Bwanamkubwa wa wina miliyoni 1.8 rubles kuwonjezera.

onyamula encephalitis

Funso "Kodi encephalitis nthata m'dera Rostov?" Kodi lidzayankhidwa inde. Parazitoformnye onyamula Mafunso Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis, matenda makamaka zokhudza chapakati mantha dongosolo, poyamba imapezeka mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dera, koma posachedwapa zina zasonyezedwa lonse. Chongani ofalitsidwa meningoencephalitis amafalitsa kulumidwa nthata, ntchito zimene zili May-June, iwo adachemera Ixodes ricinus. Iwo mitundu izi zimapezeka mu dera Rostov. Nkhupakupa ali ndi mtundu umenewu, ndi mosungiramo kwa neurotropic HIV wa Mafunso Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis.

madamu kachilombo

Mu kachilombo zakutchire amazungulira pakati pa pincers ndi zina wapakatikati makamu, amene ali nyama, makamaka nkhuku ndi makoswe. Koma kachilombo koopsa koyambitsa opezeka foci anthropurgic (m'madera kwambiri kusinthidwa ndi zochita za anthu). Apa, Madamu zina chifukwa ali mbuzi ndi ng'ombe. Ndi HIV angathe opatsirana kudzera dzira ana a nyama. Anthu matenda kudzera kulumidwa ndi kufafaniza mudzichonga pa khungu (transmissive njira) kapena majeremusi alimentary - pamene thupi kupeza mankhwala yaiwisi nyama yowola. The Kachiromboka ndinazolowera otsika kutentha, mosavuta anawonongedwa pamene madigiri kale pa 70. Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis m'dera Rostov makamaka mwakhama May ndi June, koma August ndi September zimawonedwa kuwuka mu zochitika za. Pamene HIV kuluma yomweyo akulowa magazi. Nthawi makulitsidwe Pankhaniyi kumatenga masabata 2-3, pamene ingested ndi mankhwala kachilombo - masiku 4-7.

Ankalumidwa ndi gulu la matenda

Mitundu yonse pamwamba nthata kuti amakhala m'chigawo Rostov, mpaka kuganizira H. Scupens, RH. Rossicns, I. laguri ndi Haem. Punctata. Izi nkhupakupa ndi wothandizila causative a matenda amenewa.

Pulayimale Latin kalata H mu mutu wa mtundu uliwonse wabadwa, kwa amene mtundu uwu - Pankhaniyi Hyalomma. Mitundu yonse ya subgroup uyu ali ndi CHF. H. Scupens ambiri ndi parasitic nyama pa nyengo yozizira, kwa October kwa May. Iwo ali ndi matenda magazi tiziromboti nyama, monga gemosporidoz. Rhode Haemaphysalis (mu nkhani yathu Haem. Punctata), anatsegula mu 1844, Chili nthata ndi Zikuluzikulu lalifupi, zimene zimafalitsa tularemia, brucellosis, Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic malungo komanso ngakhale omwe akuvutitsabe anthu. Koyamba I (I. laguri) zitanthauzanso kuti kakobiri amatanthauza dlinnohobotkovym amene ali ndi matenda bakiteriya ndi tizilombo anthu. Kodi nkhupakupa m'dera Rostov a mtundu anatchulidwa mu mutu mu zilembo zazikulu RH? Rhipicephalys (mu Rostov dera mawonekedwe - Rossicns) - ndi nthata, amithenga a babesiosis, pachimake nthenda ya zinyama ndi anthu. Choyamba anapeza mu Yugoslavia mu 1957.

ena deta

Acari Ixodidae - gulu lalikulu kwambiri arthropods parasitic. Nkhupakupa m'dera Rostov, za zimenezi kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kukula, ndi oopsa kwambiri. mitundu yonse ndi deta zotsatirazi - kutalika okhwima wamwamuna - 2.5 mm, kukula njala akazi - 3-4 mm (mawere magazi ndi zinthu zambiri kuposa chinthu cha 2-3 ndi 10 mm). Siteji ya chitukuko cha mudzichonga ndi: dzira, larva, nymph, imago (wamkulu).

Popeza chiopsezo nthata ndi kuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse chilakolako ine Nthawi zambiri kukhala mu chikhalidwe, pali kufunika kudziwa malamulo a chitetezo ndi kupewa.

HIV kwambiri kawirikawiri zimadziŵika m'dera Rostov

Derali mosalekeza akufalitsa CCHF HIV. Chifukwa mtundu wa matenda ndi wakupha, ndipo m'dera ndi pangozi, rasmotret chiyenera kukhala.

Nairovirus banja Bunyaviridae - KGL HIV - ndi amafa wa 10-40%. Onyamula ndi nyama za kuthengo ndi zoweta. Onsewo ali ndi matenda kudzera analumidwa mudzichonga, ndipo nthenda amakhalabe magazi kwa mlungu umodzi. Ngati nyama yowola kuluma akangaude ena, kulankhulana chikuchitika "bango-bango-nyama." mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo akhoza kupatsira arthropods wa CHF, koma chonyamulira zikuluzikulu, monga taonera kale, ali nthata mitundu Hyalomma.

kusatetezeka

Munthu kachilombo mu zina - mwachindunji kuluma, pamene ntchito ndi nyama yowola kuphedwa. chiopsezo Izi makamaka pa anthu amene tikugwira ulimi nyama. Nthawi zina matenda hospital- anapeza si ndasunga malamulo kuvomerezedwa ndi njira yolera yotseketsa zida zamankhwala. Infection kumachitika kwa anthu - pafupi zedi ndi odwala. Pa matenda ndi Mafunso Chongani kuluma nthawi CHF makulitsidwe kumatenga masiku 3 (koma masiku milandu mpaka 9 analembedwa), ndipo anakumana ndi magazi kachilombo kapena zimakhala - masiku 5-6 (pazipita 13).

maonekedwe a matenda

Zizindikiro Chitsanzo monga malungo, kupweteka kwa mutu, ndi akatumba onse, kenako ululu lakuthwa kumbuyo ndi m'chiuno, pali photophobia, palpitations. Onse a iwo amaoneka mwadzidzidzi. Ululu pakhosi ndi m'mimba m'malo mwa alili mwadzidzidzi maganizo ndi kukulitsa chiwindi. Zonsezi limodzi ndi zotupa ndi anaonekera chifukwa cha magazi pansi pa khungu ndi mkati pamalo mucosal. Indicators akuloŵa pansi ndi ola lililonse likadutsa, ndipo pa tsiku lachisanu ndi mtima kumachitika lakuthwa aimpso kapena m'mapapo mwanga insufficiency. Imfa zambiri amapezeka mu sabata lachiwiri la matenda, ndi zizindikiro kuchira awonekere tsiku 9-10th. Mankhwala ntchito "Ribavirin" - wogwira mtima kupanga mankhwala. Malangizo mwatsatanetsatane mmene zinthu pamene kuyendera malo cha kukhalapo N'kuthekanso mite, ndi mndandanda wa zomwe sizingakhoze kuchitidwa m'gulu chiyani muyenera kudziwa anthu onse akukhala mu madera woopsawo.