Nthawi yofesa tsabola? Pamene chodzala tsabola mbeu pa mbande ndi kukula mbande

Mu dziko, ambiri wamaluwa chiwembu anabzala mbatata osati ndi tomato. Ankaona zogwirizana tsabola mutu mmera ndi nthawi ya ndegeyo. Ndipo moperewera funso kaya ndi woyaka tsabola kapena lokoma, akamanena akanali zikomo zomwezo ulimi zofanana ndi mitundu kusiyana maganizo pang'ono. Wolemera yokolola tsabola chingapezeke okha nkhani ya kulima mwa mbande. Ndi chibadidwe nthawi yaitali zipatso yakucha Choncho, kuchotsa mbewu zabwino, m'pofunika nkhawa tsogolo la yozizira.

Kotero, ife kuthetsa funso pamene kudzala tsabola, kuyamba ndi kuyamba. Ine ndikufuna kunena pang'ono za mbewu okha. Pogula iwo ayenera kulabadira nthawi ya ma CD ndi alumali moyo. Ngati mbewu kwa zaka ziwiri, dziwani wa kumera awo, m'badwo lolemekezeka si tawalandira - inu atisokoneze opanda tsabola konse.

mawu ochepa A za chikhalidwe

Pepper otukuka m'mayiko ofunda kuyambira nthawi makedzana, ndi chikondi choyenera ndi wamaluwa ankachita masewera, ndi ophika. Podziwa kuti chapakati Russia, osati mitundu yonse ndi nthawi okhwima, ambiri amachita chidwi ndi zimene kalasi bwino wosakanikirana ndi zikhalidwe zathu nyengo pamene kudzala tsabola. Paja - odziwa wamaluwa amayesa kudzala oyambirira ndi ultrarannie zosiyanasiyana tsabola wokoma ndi otentha. Nawa ena mwa iwo:

- Rafaela ndi F1 - Pepper kale, amatanthauza oyambirira-kukhwima hybrids. Zipatso phirilo mawonekedwe ndi makhalidwe mkulu kukoma. Kucha zipatso pang'onopang'ono kusintha mtundu ku mdima wobiriwira wofiira kwambiri. Izi zosiyanasiyana tsabola ndi abwino kwa kumalongeza ndi mowa mu mawonekedwe awo yaiwisi.

- Lungi ndi F1 - amadziwikanso ankaona mkulu-zokolola wosakanizidwa tsabola. Chulucho woboola pakati zipatso kukhala makulidwe 5 mm. Kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi zinthu chowawa kukula.

- Ami - kalasi, anapambana kutchuka yapadera kum'mwera kwa Russia. Low-kukula zomera akubweretsa lalikulu konosuvidnye zipatso. The zosiyanasiyana ali mkulu zokolola ndi kukoma kwambiri.

Mukhozanso kukula mitundu angapo oyambirira tsabola. Aliyense wa awa amakhala ndi mkulu zokolola, zipatso mawonekedwe elongated cm 12 yaitali. Chifukwa kukoma yake yeniyeni aliyense wa sukulu - Goygol, kuti Tiffany kapena Moto Volcano - ntchito yokonza sauces, kunyumba kumalongeza, zokometsera paprika, ndi zina zotero.

kufesa mbewu

Pambuyo kugula mbewu wokondedwa funso masoka lakuti: "Pamene mbande nkhumba tsabola?" kukakamiza nthawi zingatenge kwa masiku 5 kapena 30 nthawi zambiri. mbewu achikulire yaitali nthawi ino. Nthawi zachilendo kwa kumera wa mbewu atsopano akuti ndi masabata 2-3. Mfundo pa phunziro, pamene kubzala mbewu oyambirira tsabola ayenera kuyambira nthawi M'mawu ake oyamba mu nthaka. Mosiyana ndi phwetekere, amene mwangwiro kunyamula yosamutsa kuti malo okhazikika, tsabola ndi yabwino kudzala maluwa pa mphanda choyamba. Childs, izi zimachitika mu miyezi 2-2.5 pambuyo mbewu zikamera. Ngati tikulingalira masiku, kuti utakula kuchokera 1 mpaka March 15, mbewu tsabola zingabzalidwe mu nthaka May 10 ndi seeding adzakhala mu nyengo ya 20 February 5 March. Kuchokera bwino anapanga kusankha zinthu kubzala kudzadalira viability ake ndi tsogolo yokolola. mbewu Pepper yodziwika ndi nthawi yaitali kumera, likunena kapangidwe wapadera chikhalidwe mbewu, ndipo chotero, iwo akufuna kuti kuwalanga kutsegula yokumba.

Asanadzalemo mbewu angathe kuchizidwa ndi chinthu kukula zidzayambitsa mphukira mwamtendere. Ambiri wamaluwa alimi ndi zaka zambiri akulimbikitsidwa mbewu yaikulu mbewu kuchotsa duwa chapakati, anapanga ku nthambi yoyamba.

The ankafika wa mbeu

Iwo ankadziwa kuti ngati mufuna kukula mbande ya tsabola, lomwe kenako adzakupatsani zokoma, muyenera kusankha bwino za chidebe chifukwa chodzala mbewu. Ndi bwino anachita mu makapu yaing'ono kapena cassettes wapadera, koma bokosi kapena mphika otsika adzakhala kungasokoneze kukula. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti tsabola Sikuti monga kunyamula. Kudzala kampani yake yaikulu mu mphaka ambiri anatsatira raspikirovaniem adzakhala sachedwa kukula kwa mbewu mu kwinakwake kwa mlungu umodzi kapena iwiri. Choncho ndi bwino chodzala mbewu tsabola nazo muli yaing'ono.

Kusakaniza nthaka ayenera kukonzekera masiku angapo pamaso kubzala. nthaka ayenera kutenthetsa kwa firiji. Inu sizingasakanikirane ndi paokha gawo lapansi, umene amafuna m'madera ofanana ndi zigawo izi: lowland peat, manyowa ndi humus kuwaika nthaka.

Kodi kudziwa mbande

Aliyense amafuna ntchito kutentha zake zonse. Koma kuti ku kubzala ngati kunja, pambuyo pa zonse m'pofunika kumvera malangizo a akatswiri ndi ambike malamulo, nawo kwa zaka zambiri mchitidwewu: pamene kudzala tsabola, kuwaika mbande. Monga ulamuliro, tsabola mwakula mu greenhouses, ngalandezi greenhouses kapena mabedi lotseguka. Koma njira yabwino, ndithudi, akhala hothouse.

Musanayambe Thirani, m'pofunika anaumitsa. Izi ziyenera kuchitika kuti accustom chomera kwa dzuwa, mphepo, ndi kusinthasintha kutentha tsiku, ambiri, ndi mpweya wabwino. Yambani kuumitsa mu masabata angapo asanadzalemo mu nthaka ngati mbewu kutentha wachikondi ngati tsabola. Kodi njira yabwino kukonzekera? Pali zofunika pang'onopang'ono. Zikumera kupita ku khonde kwa msewu. Mukhoza basi windo, tsiku lililonse kuwonjezeka nthawi ya asamafalitse. Koma m'pofunika kuganizira kuti kutentha kunja ayenera kukhala osachepera 13, kapena mbande mwina amaundana.

Popeza kubzala kutentha mbewu tsabola kuti ndigwire pa mwezi wa February nthawi ya mbande Thirani zinali mozungulira zaka 100 masiku. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kukhutiritsa mbande zanu kwambiri kutsirira, monga ingathandize kuti matenda, ambiri amatchedwa blackleg. Komanso kuteteza dothi kuyanika Sikuti.

feteleza mbande

M'nthawi ya mbeu zimene zamera kudyetsa izo angapo zina. Yoyenera mbande mbewu ndi kuti kudya choyamba mu masabata awiri pambuyo mphukira choyamba. The chachiwiri unachitikira masiku pang'ono mbewu zofunda. The zikuchokera osakaniza michere zikuphatikizapo: urea - 5 G superphosphates - 30 ga, potashi - 10 ga (malita 10 a madzi). Mwachilungamo kuvala bwino analandira kuchokera chisakanizo cha phulusa ndi kulowetsedwa nettle 1:10. Tiyenera kukumbukira ndi kuti tsabola ndi contraindicated mu potashi.

Place kubzala

Pepper limabweretsa mbewu kutentha wachikondi masamba, choncho akusowa dzuwa malo otentha, kutetezedwa mphepo. Komanso, chomera chikufuna kwambiri pa nthaka, choncho pamafunika mbande amphamvu. dziko ayenera kukhala yachonde, chabwino kukumbukira chinyezi komanso breathability. The bwino yoyamba anaona tsabola kaloti, anyezi ndi nyemba (kupatula nyemba). Sikuti kudzala tsabola pa bedi pambuyo biringanya ndi tomato, mbatata. Banja loyambirira la masabata mutabzala, zomera limakula pang'onopang'ono. Choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuti alithandize - kumasula nthaka. Izi bwino mwa kundipatsako kwa mpweya dongosolo muzu wa tsabola.

Yoyenera kuthirira tsabola

Pepper wakonda pafupipafupi, koma zolimbitsa kutsirira madzi ofunda. Nthawi iliyonse kufwanyulira pansi n'kofunika, pokumbukira kuti mizu ya chikhalidwe ali pafupi kwambiri pamwamba. Choncho, iwo amathera mosamala kwambiri ndondomeko, kusamalira kuti kuwononga mizu ya mbewu.

mlingo ulimi wothirira pamaso mapangidwe mazira - malita 30-35 pa 1 mita ^2, pa fruiting - 40-45 malita. Kutsirira ndi anaima masiku 20 kuti tiyambe kukolola lomaliza.

Ubwino tsabola zowawa ndi okoma

A Unyinji wa katundu zothandiza ali tsabola moto, sizikutanthauza amene adzakhala tchimo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kutchuka izo amasangalala osati mu kukonzekera zakudya zina kapena kusamala, komanso ngati mankhwala zobwezeretsa tsitsi, komanso kutentha pa chimfine ndi matenda yotupa.

Ndi bwino kuyamba ndi njira yofatsa. Pakuti ichi tincture moto wasukuluka yogurt kapena mafuta masamba ndi Kuwonjezera mavitamini A ndiponso E. The chigoba kumakhudza popatsana pa tsitsi popanda overdrying pamene khungu. The kulowetsedwa angathe kukonzekera paokha, ndipo lingathe kukopedwa pa pharmacies. Muyenera kukonzekera osadalira pa tsabola finely akanadulidwa pachimake (2 ma PC.), Amene m'pofunika lembani 150 ml ya mowa amabisala m'malo a mdima kwa masiku 7. Kenako, yankho ndi wokonzeka ntchito. Amanena kuti khungu la, diluting ndi madzi chiŵerengero cha supuni 1 Tingafinye 10 v. L. madzi.

Tsopano kwa tsabola wokoma. Chifukwa kukhalapo kwa rutin ndi kulemba kuchuluka kwa ascorbic asidi kumalimbitsa capillaries kupereka thupi ndi vitamini C. Kugwiritsa Ntchito chakudya zipatso okhwima amalola matenda madzi chapamimba, bwino chimbudzi ndi kudya. The tsabola lili kufufuza zinthu monga nthaka ndi cobalt, nthawi yopanga melanin nazo.

Pepper pansi lotseguka

Pamene mbande nkhumba tsabola kutsegula pansi? Mozungulira nthawi mofanana greenhouses, koma m'madera kum'mwera kwa dzikoli zathu, ankatembenukira ndi za 3 masabata kumayambiliro a chaka kalendala. Chotero mbewu zosiyanasiyana tsabola wokoma, ngati Dennis, nkhokwe, sweetmeat, Hercules kapena Novocherkassk, kuti anadziyesa kukhala mitundu, kupereka mbewu kwambiri. Iwo nthawi zambiri wamkulu ndi wamaluwa ankachita masewera. Mukhoza kusankha mtundu wina wa tsabola wokoma, omwe khama la akatswiri ndi Amateurs amasonyezana kulima mu kanjira pakati kutchire.

Pakati pa mitundu ya tsabola zofunika kuonetsetsa ngati lotseguka nthaka tsabola monga Astrakhanskiy zosintha 147 ndi 628, Chiyukireniya zowawa kapena zosintha Elephant Njovu 304.

Agrotechnics zowawa ndi okoma tsabola ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi tomato kukula. Koma tsabola kunapezeka kuti zambiri tcheru kusintha kutentha komanso kukhudzana ndi mpweya ozizira. Choncho, kusankha zosiyanasiyana tsabola zowawa ndi okoma kulima mu nthaka lotseguka ayenera kukhala ndi amawagwiritsa pa nyengo kalendala ena m'deralo.

Komanso, kupita ku kudzala mbewu mu tsabola nthaka ndi zofunika kuchita bwinobwino malo kusankha. Kuteteza zomera mphepo, kuyesera kuwakhazikitsa pamodzi mpanda, mipanda ndi zina zotero. Ndi luso mtanda kubereketsa zomera chikhalidwe kufesa mbewu tsabola pa mtunda wautali Chrixitu. Izi adzakupatsani zomera koyenera kuti chitukuko cha malo.

Chodzala mbewu za tsabola mu nthaka ayenera kukhazikitsa feteleza organic. Pezani kudya zonse feteleza zovuta, zomera akufotokozera mizu yolimba.

mbewu kubzala tsabola

Pepper amatanthauza chikhalidwe m'malo capricious: mbewu kumera amachepetsa mofulumira, ndi kuyambira ali ndi khungu wokongola wandiweyani, ndiye ayenera majeremusi adzakhala ochepa, ndipo akhoza kuchitika, ndipo kotero kuti iwo sadzakhala konse. Ndizoonekeratu ndi kwanzeru: Kudzala nthanga tsabola ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Kodi kuchita izo?

Asanalankhule zomera tsabola, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kusankha mosamala mbewu kubzala. Chifukwa chaichi m'pofunika kuti mchere njira (30 ga pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi). Pamene iye kumizidwa mbewu zosaposa mphindi 10. Full mbewu idzatitimira kuti pansi pa thankiyo, ndi dzenje kapena zofooka kutuluka. mbewu panabukanso akhoza amatengedwa popanda chisoni ndi kulitaya, chifukwa ntchito iwo si bwino. Njira yothetsera anali chatsanulidwa ndi mbewu otsala pansi pa madzi oyera Muzitsuka kuti athe kuwola ndinso ndi kuyanika.

Chotsatira kuti ayenera kuchita pamaso panu kuika tsabola amatchedwa etching. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito mankhwala mbewu ndi zomera kuteteza matenda. Pakuti ichi kubzala mtundu kukula ndi kupanga 1% njira ya manganese (1 g pa 1 L). mbewu anasankha zimayikidwa mu njira ndipo anachoka kumeneko mphindi zosapitirira 15. Pambuyo pake, nadzatsuka kachiwiri ndi madzi ndi kuwalola iwo youma.

Pofuna kulola mbewu zaumoyo, tikulimbikitsidwa masiku angapo asanadzalemo mbewu tsabola pokonza kufufuza zinthu mu mbewu. Kuti kuchita zimenezi, yaing'ono matumba gauze ndi kuziika mu mbewu wokonzedwera kwa kubzala. Kumiza mu njira ya kufufuza zinthu (feteleza "abwino" kapena "Aline") ndi kusiya kwa maola 12-14. Pambuyo pake, mbewu ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi zouma. Dziwani kuti asambe pambuyo njirayi si chofunika.

Kuwonjezera feteleza ndi mankhwala, mbewu angathe kuchizidwa ndi mankhwala wowerengeka. Mwachitsanzo, kutenga phulusa 2 ga pa 1 L madzi (osakaniza ayenera kuima masiku ndi yogwira kawirikawiri). Ndiye mbewu aumbike mwa m'mapaketi cheesecloth ndi adatchithisira mu osakaniza michere chifukwa 3 h. Pambuyo pake, onse osambitsidwa ndi zouma.

Ngati mukufuna kulandira kungakupatseni kumera, mbewu akhoza kumera pasadakhale. Kuti muchite izi potaziyamu permanganate kupopera mankhwala tsabola mbewu apangidwe pa gauze Manga ndi kuika mbale mu osaya ndi, mopepuka moisten. Ikani mu malo otentha. Mkati mwa tsiku mukhoza kuona misana yochepa zimaswa. mbewu Zidamera zingabzalidwe mu gawo lapansi ndi.

Pali njira yina ya mbewu kumera, amene ankaona kuti aluso - ndi kuonekeratu, imene imakhudza chithandizo cha chuma kubzala mu madzi ladzala ndi oxygen. Njira imeneyi imagwira amachitira mbewu tsabola imathandizira maonekedwe a mphukira. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa masabata 1-2 pamaso kubzala.

Ndi bwino kukonza atatu-lita mtsuko ndi kudzaza ndi madzi ²⁰ ° C kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili. Pansi pa magombe m'munsi monga kompresa a. Pambuyo kuoneka mbewu thovu choviikidwa mu mtsuko kwa tsiku. Pambuyo pake, kutenga ndi youma.

Ndi njira comaliza, ntchito mankhwala mbewu - kuumitsa. Atatero, mbewu adzatha bwinobwino kulekerera ndi zokhumba za chilengedwe. Nditakhala disinfection zinafunika, mbewu tsabola tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zilowerere mu madzi ofunda ndi kuwasiya iwo kwa pathupi. Ndiye, nthawi yomweyo pa alumali pansi pa firiji kwa maola 24. Atapereka iwo youma. Mukhoza kuyamba kufesa mbewu za mbewu tsabola.

Kodi kukula tsabola

Pamene kukula mbande ya tsabola anagulidwa, tiyenera powasamalira phesi la mbewu - masamba amphamvu zimayambira ayenera kukhala mdima wobiriwira. Only pansi pa zikhalidwe izi tinganene kuti ndi mbande zolondola tsabola. Ndi kusiya mmodzi amene pali maluwa kapena zipatso. Izi zipangitsa kuti yokolola sadzapezekapo. Mu mbewu youma nyengo amafuna madzi ambiri. Apo ayi, chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, chipatso kulawa zowawa, ndi thupi ndi wochepa thupi ndi youma. Peretz - wokonda nthaka ofunda, kutanthauza kuti ndi bwino kudzala chabe ofunda mpaka madigiri 15 nthaka. Green pallor ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono zipatso kungasonyeze kusowa zakudya zoyenerera. Mukhoza manyowa zomera mullein kapena kompositi tiyi.

Nthawi yotsiriza munda kufooketsedwa ndi mafashoni. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi kuwuka mofulumira kapena kugwa mu kutchuka kwa mtundu winawake. Ambiri amalima zofufuzafufuza akuyesera kudzala zinthu zawo anali opangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu ya zokolola chatha, koma nthawi zina vuto la m'badwo wachiwiri wa zosiyanasiyana latsopano. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu kuoneka pa msika - m'badwo woyamba wa hybrids kuti chaka chamawa kupereka kufalikira lalikulu la makhalidwe chibadwa. Zizindikiro lekeza kupereka, monga ulamuliro, mitundu nthawi anayesedwa.