Nyanja nkhondo kuchokera Cape Hanko (1714)

Nkhondo ya Cape Gangut - mmodzi wa masamba ulemerero wa mbiri Russian, moyo imeneyi holide, ikutchedwa Tsiku la Asilikali Ulemerero. Iye anadza pa 9 August. Pa tsiku ili mu 1714 Russia chinali kukondwerera Nkhata wake woyamba wa nyanja, popeza anapambana pa 27 July. Pa tsiku lomwelo, koma zaka sikisi, Russian anagonjetsa asilikali a Sweden pafupi ndi cisumbu Grengam kuti analola dziko lathu potsiriza apeze kufalikira Nyanja Baltic. Nkhondo kuchokera Cape Hanko, tsiku - July 27, 1714, chinali chiyambi cha mapeto a Swedish hegemony mu nyanja ya Baltic.

Vital mwayi kunyanja

Katundu lonse la zazikulu, wamagazi, nthawi Kumpoto nkhondo (1700-1721), ngakhale kuti anali nawo angapo a ku Ulaya ndi Ottoman, monga nthawi yonse, anagwa pa mapewa a Russia. Izi nkhondo, komwe kunachitika mu kota loyamba la m'zaka XVIII, choncho sakutchedwa Chirasha Swedish kuti panafika mbali zonse za maiko a ku Ulaya osati m'malire Baltic Sea. Russia analibe kuchoka yoteroyo patsogolo zinthu zimenezi, zomwe kupewedwa ake malonda ndi maiko otchuka Europe, ndipo monga Motero, kuti pazachuma.

Swedish anatseka misewu

Sweden, ndiye kawirikawiri Nyanja Baltic, ngakhale zombo ake anali okhawo chachinayi mu dziko, monyoza amanenela Nyanja North mwa nyanja Swedish. Komanso zake okonzeka Noteburg linga, zomwe mpaka utakhala wake ndi asilikali a Sweden otchedwa Mtedza, kuononga yekha Russian kupeza Nyanja Baltic kudutsa Neva. Mbali ina ya dziko lakale Russian anataya yapita nkhondo yotsiriza XVI - m'ma XVII, anakhalabe manja Swedish. Nkhondo ya Cape Gangut chinachitika zaka 5 pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Poltava, ndi chifukwa kuti mphamvu Swedish chinasokonezedwa ndi panali mavuto mokomera Russia. Komabe, kupambana kwa dziko ndi nyanja Russia sakadakhoza kuchita kanthu kutsutsa dziko lino.

Bulu kukhala

Pamaso Peter Ine Russia sanali mphamvu apanyanja, ndiye iye analibe zombo asilikali, koma zombo angapo anamanga ndi bambo Petra Velikogo Barizilai anaperekeza zombo wamalonda mu Nyanja ya Caspian. kugonjetsedwa pa Azov mu 1695 anakankha Russian Tsar makamaka pa chilengedwe cha zombo za. Patangotha miyezi yochepa, izo unayambitsidwa motley flotilla, wopangidwa mwa makasu 1000, 23 galleys ndi zombo ziwiri 36 mfuti, amene anali pansi pa lamulo la asilikali F. Ya. Leforta mu July 1696 amakakamizidwa kaboma adzipereke Azov. Chifukwa cha chigonjetso chimenechi, tinasankha wa Boyar Duma: "zombo Naval kukhala" Ndiyeno mu 1702 anagwa Noterburg. Mu 1703-mamita analandidwa ili pa m'kamwa mwa Neva Nieshants. Sunuvshiesya pano awiri zombo Swedish la nkhondo pansi pa chivundikiro cha m'mawa chifunga zinaukilidwa mabwato ophera nsomba ndipo anatengedwa ukapolo. Opaleshoni lotsogoleredwa ndi Peter yekha ndi Menshikov.

Yomanga bwalo lalikulu

Mu 1703 Petro ndi Paulo linga, ndi 1704th anayamba kumanga linga Kronshlot (Kronstadt) chinaikidwa. Zochitika zonsezi ndi kufulumira nkhondo Cape Hanko. Sweden sanamutaye zoyesayesa zawo kugwila ndi kuwononga Petro ndi Paulo Linga ndi Kronshlot. Koma iwo anali atathamangitsidwa. Kusiya tcheru ndi nagonjetsa, kunali koyenera mumpanda Baltic Sea. Choncho, m'chaka cha 1713, anafika ku Finland, ndi Russian asilikali a anthu 16 zikwi analanda mzinda: panopa Porvoo (Borgo), Turku (Åbo) ndi Helsinki likulu (Helsinki). Pakati Sweden ndi Russia anali yekha Gulf wa Bothnia, pakati pa chilumba amene anali Aldan. Russia kale zombo. Zombo woyamba zinamangidwa mu zaka 1702-1703 pa doko la zombo zapanyanja ndi, inali pakamwa pa syazi Mtsinje (Nyanja Ladoga). Koma kale mu 1704 anaika St. Petersburg Admiralty doko la zombo zapanyanja. Kupemphera kwa chaka cha nkhondo Cape Hanko - 1714 TH.

mapulani wofuna

Anapanga ku zombo kubwera pansi slipway Admiralty doko la zombo zapanyanja, ndi Bulu anapita asilikali a Peter Ine mu Finland. Mfumu ankafuna woyamba kusamutsa mphamvu pachilumbachi, kenaka n'kutela pa Sweden. Galleys ndi scampaways kuchuluka kwa ndalama 99, umene nyumba 15,000 asilikali anapita Abo, ndi malo ambiri ankhondo Russian. Kukonzekera kuponya pa Aldan zilumba ankafika. Opaleshoni kutsogoleredwa ndi FM Apraksin. Koma mfundo kum'mwera a pachilumbachi, kumene posachedwapa nkhondo pa Cape Hanko, momwe iye oletsedwa wamphamvu, kuposa chiwerengero cha zombo Russian asilikali komanso akuphunzitsa iwo ndi zombo Swedish.

Asilikali namatetule Peter

Pa flagship ndi "Njobvu" wotsatila asilikali Vatrang, pansi pa lamulo la zombo zomwe kugonjetsa Russian, mosakayikira la bwino. A mndandanda wa zombo 15 mzere ndi frigates atatu ndi gulu lalikulu ziwiya kupalasa kukana kunali kovuta, ndipo Apraksin amene analibe wosimidwa mtima kapena TSONGAZACHE Lefort, Menshikov, ndi Peter yekha, kuchokera kanthu palokha anakana kuchotsa Choncho udindo uliwonse . Mu uthenga wake kwa malo a nkhondo abwera Peter I. Pambuyo kudziŵa bwino zinthu ndi mtunda mu madongosolo aakulu mu gawo narrowest kwa dziko la Hanko kukonza Perevoloki. Petro anafuna kokani ena zombo zawo ku mbali ina ya chilumbachi ndi kukapha pa kumbuyo kwa zombo Swedish.

Mulungu nafe

Ngakhale yazokonza pansi matabwa, kuti magawowa mayendedwe a zombo portage, asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda zinadziwika kuzemba. Pofuna kupewa izi amatumiza ziwiya asilikali Vatrang 10 (Flagship chombo galleys ndi 6 shkerbota 3) analamula N. Erenshelda kupsyolela ku malo pa Russian zombo madzi - mu Rilaks fjord. Koma chirengedwe anali kumbali Russian, ndi July 26, 1714 mphepo mabasi kwathunthu apewe Swedish boti. Peter ndi flotilla wake wa nkhafi kupalasa bypasses waukulu Swedish zombo ukufika Erenshelda ziwiya ndi asalalikire Rilaks Fjord.

Chigonjetso loyamba la nyanja

Nkhondo ya Cape Gangut zinachitika July 27, 1714. Asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda motsimikiza ukakana kuti kudzipereka, ndipo pa ulendo wachitatu (woyamba awiri kuopsedwa, monga asilikali a Sweden anali 116 mfuti ndi 23 Peter) Russian galleys zombo kwambiri mdani ndipo anawatenga pa sitimayo. Pambuyo kumenyana aukali, "Njobvu" ( "Njobvu") analandidwa, ndipo ena mwa bwalo anagonja. General zomvetsa Russian analipo anthu 469, amene 124 anaphedwa, lomwe linaikidwa mmanda ulemu wonse, ndi asilikali a Sweden anataya 700 anaphedwa ndi 230 anagonja dyera. Russian zombo sanataye chombo limodzi, ndipo onse 10 a makhoti Swedish akhala zofunkha pankhondoyo. Wotsatila asilikali Vatrang zombo kuloŵa Stockholm. Swedish bwalo mantha anasamutsidwa kuchoka likulu. asilikali Russian wotanganidwa Aland zilumba, kumene zaka zingapo zapitazi ya kumpoto nkhondo Russian mfuti mabomba gombe Swedish, kupulula kuwonongeka yokulirapo.

Chintchito oyendetsa Russian

Nyanja nkhondo kuchokera Cape Hanko ndi zotsatira zake amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri udindo wa Russian mu Finland. Peter yekha poyerekeza woyamba Victoria Russian zombo wofunika ndi chigonjetso mu Nkhondo ya Poltava. mfumu inachita chidwi ndi mtima, kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima ndi nsembe wa asilikali ake. Polemekeza izi Victoria ulemerero anali zinapangidwa Mendulo anthu onse otenga mbali, izo analandira akapitawo 144 ndi asilikali 2813 ndi alonda sanali analamula. Nkhondo ya Cape Gangut zinachitika July 27, 1714 ndi tsiku limeneli kukodzedwa mndandanda anamanganso la manja la Russia. Zokongola ndi zapamwamba zikondwerero awonetse chigonjetso loyamba la zombo Russian zinachitika mu St. Petersburg pa September 9. Panali miyambo awiri. Woyamba adakwatira malo m'misewu ya likulu pansi kulira mokondwera wene.

holide kwambiri

Choyamba, Neva analowa apaulendo, wopangidwa mwa ukapolo zombo Swedish, kutsogozedwa ndi galleys atatu Russian. Mkulu wopalasa ngalawayo shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova (alias Peter I) anatsatira ziwiya linalandidwa, galleys awiri asilikali anatseka apaulendo. Kupsyolela makolo kuti mbendera gombe ndi akaidi pakati pawo anali Erenshildt, yotengekatengeka ndi unachitikira mumzinda. chionetsero The anauzidwa kuti Arc de Triomphe. Ndipo pamwamba kuima kuwonetsera chimene mphungu clutched kumbuyo kwa njovu. Bokosili kuwerenga: "Russian mphungu sichitipeza ntchentche." Pansi njovu anasonyeza flagship "Elephant." Zovala kanthu anapitiriza Senate, pamene zobiriwira pamalo knyaz- "Kaisara" Romodanovsky kuwalandira shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova mawu: "Moni, wotsatila asilikali" Choncho Petro Woyamba anali kupereka udindo umene analandira 2240 rubles pachaka.

Mapangidwe Ufumu

Koma si pa komabe kumpoto nkhondo. Nkhondo kuchokera Cape Hanko linaloŵetsedwa mu zonse mabuku apanyanja zokhudza nkhondo, zinali chigonjetso choyamba. Wachiwiri kukula ndipo watsimikiza zochokera Great kumpoto nkhondo Viktoriya Petrovskogo zombo chachitika, n'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa July 27, koma kale mu 1720. Iwo anapambana mu Grengam chilumba. Pa nthawiyi, Russia wakhala yaikulu apanyanja mphamvu ndi zombo amphamvu ndi losagonjetseka. Ndipo lisanathe Wamkulu kumpoto Nkhondo 1716 mu nyanja ya Baltic anali ayendetsa, yokhudza zombo 84 ochokera m'mayiko Baltic. zombo 21 a Russia. Koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti Peter ndinali anazindikira lina lalikulu Baltic lankhondo lamphamvu kuyenda panyanja, ndi bwino analamula squadron logwirizana la British, Dutch, zombo Chidanishi Russian anapatsidwa kwa iye. Nkhondo kuchokera Cape Hanko ndi chilumba Grengam anabweretsa kutchuka padziko lonse Russia ndi kuzindikira anansi ake, yaikulu apanyanja mphamvu.