2 Ludwig a Bavaria: ndi mbiri ndi chithunzi

Ludwig II ya Bavaria analamulira 1864-1886 gg. Nthawi imeneyi, ufumu mbali ya ogwirizana German Ufumu. Mfumu chidwi pang'ono nkhani zandale, koma nthawi zambiri zoyenera luso ndi kumanga nyumbayi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, anakhala reclusive pamapeto pake ananena wamisala ndipo anataya mphamvu. A masiku angapo pambuyo kutaya udindo wake Ludwig anamira m'mikhalidwe wosamvetsetseka nyanja.

ubwana

August 25, 1845 anabadwa kuti adzakhale Mfumu Ludwig a Bavaria 2. Makolo ndi mnyamata ubwana tikusonkhana ndi Munich. bambo ake anali Korona Prince Maximilian wa Wittelsbach mafumu, amene anadzakhala Mfumu Maximilian II. Amayi Maria adalinso ndi yaikulu mwana wamkazi wa Frederic ndi Prussian mfumu Frederick William II.

Mu 1848, mndandanda wa kusintha zinachitika lonse Germany. Agogo mwana Ludwig ndinali asintha ndi kupereka. Mphamvu ndi cholowa ankadutsa Maximilian, ndipo mwana wake anayamba korona kalonga. mnyamatayo anam'tengera ku kwaokha Nyumbayi Hohenschwangau, komwe anakulira. Kodi inu nthawi yotsatira 2 Ludwig a Bavaria? mfumu ubwana anathera mwa mabuku ndi nyimbo. Iye anakhala ndi zaluso, makamaka opera. Iye anali munthu wa kukoma woyengedwa kuti akhoza unalipo m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pamene chikhalidwe German anakumana maluŵa owala.

Monga mwana, mfumu inali makamaka owolowa manja luso maphunziro. 8 maola tsiku, anaphunzira Latin, Greek ndi French, komanso mabuku ndi mbiri. Zinthu ziwiri zapitazi ankachita chidwi kwambiri ndi mwanayo, anawapatsa chidwi kwambiri. Wolowa kuwerenga kwambiri ndipo koposa zonse anakonda nthano akale ndi mabuku French. kukumbukira anam'panga kukhala m'modzi wa anthu erudite nthawi yake. Korona Prince anakonda chikhalidwe mbadwa Bavaria. Pa zaka 12 anapanga chachikulu wake woyamba kukwera ku mapiri. maulendo izi yekhayekha anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa khalidwe lake.

Art woyang'anira

Mu 1864, anafa Maximilian II. Akuluakulu kutenga 18 wazaka Ludwig 2 wa Bavaria. Inalowa ufumu zinachitika yomweyo pambuyo pa mwambo wa maliro pa nthawi ya imfa ya atate ake. Mfumu wamng'ono kwenikweni mu amchigulu, malamulo ena ndi intrigue. Kwa zaka 18 iye anangonena analibe nthawi kukonzekera kulandira mpandowachifumu. Choncho, m'malo amchigulu Ludwig yomweyo anadzipereka kuti chitukuko cha luso Bavarian.

Mfumu anadziwa Richard Wagner nampatsa yokulirapo thandizo la ndalama. Wolemba, kulandira ang'onoang'ono lalikulu kwa Zachuma, wakhala nthawi lake lalikulu la ntchito ya kulenga. The kuyamba a pa sewero lake "Das Rheingold," "Mwalirani Walküre", "Tristan ndi Isolde" ndi "Mwalirani Meistersinger Von Nürnberg" zinachitika pa Munich National Theater, imene ndiyo kwenikweni pano Mfumu yekha. Kukwera mtengo kwa kukhalabe Ludwig Wagner anachita lolimba osatchuka kwambiri mwa nzika. Mu 1865 mfumu anayenera kukwaniritsa anthu ndi kutumiza Wolemba kupitirira Bavaria. Komabe, sanaleke iwo kuti tikhalebe ndi mabwenzi.

Pamene Ludwig analandira mphamvu, kunapezeka kuti simuli okonzeka kuti ntchito yake yatsopano. Iye sanawonekere Mlangizi amene akanakhoza kufotokoza kwa iye momwe angathetsere mavuto onse. Choncho mfumu ndi maganizo awo chimene chili chabwino ndi choipa kwa dziko lake. Chifaniziro cha mfumu Ludwig anaphatikizidwa zithunzi za ngwazi akale, Ankhondo ndi zilembo masewero Schiller. Zonsezi masamba kuda chikondi ndipo n'zaka chikhalidwe.

angakuthandizeni Austria

Mu 1866 nkhondo latsopano kunabuka Germany. dziko wapangidwa ndi maufumu ambiri ndi maukulu, lidagawikana m'magulu awiri kwakukulu. Masiku amenewo, kusankha zimene boma zidzagwirizana lonse la Germany. Otsutsa waukulu pankhondo imeneyi anali Prussia ndi Austria.

Ludwig II anaganiza kuti atenge mbali ya Habsburg Ufumu. Iye zochitika asilikali sanali chidwi choncho udindo kwa utsogoleli wa asilikali kwa atumiki ake ambiri ndi alangizi, anapita ku Switzerland. Prussia kupambana yekha anatenga miyezi itatu. Malinga ndi zinthu zamanyazi za panganoli mtendere Bayern Berlin anali wopereka ndalama zopepesera lalikulu ndi kudali Bad Orb ndi Gersefeld.

Letsani ukwati

Nkhondo yotayika Prussia Mfumu kamodzi kokha anakhala malo dziko, kuyendera dera lake kumpoto. Posakhalitsa chidwi ndale ndipo anayamba kutsogolera boma kudzera akuluakulu. Nthawiyi, mfumu anakhala chinthu zotsutsa ambiri chifukwa sankafuna wake kukwatiwa ndi kukhala ndi mwana.

N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero silifuna Ludwig 2 wa Bavaria? Makolo mu zaka za unyamata wake Anayesa kukonza chinkhoswe, koma sizinathandize. Ndiyeno m'chaka cha 1867, bwanamkubwa analengeza POI kuti anakwatilana msuwani wake Sophia. Ukwati ndi achibale akhoza kuletsedwa ndi Mpingo wa Katolika, koma papa, mosiyana ndi ziyembekezo anapatsidwa chilolezo ake ukwati.

Iwo anayamba kukonzekera mapwando. Malinga ndi mphunzitsi kuti sverhdorogih boma wolengedwa ndi chithunzi cha Mfumukazi Sofia anaonekera pa masitampa. Koma pa nthawi yomaliza iye ija ukwati 2 Ludwig a Bavaria. Photos ku zikondwerero nthawi yaitali koma zinatuluka m'manyuzipepala, ndi mfumu kuti mapeto anakhalabe yoyamba.

Bavaria - gawo la German Ufumu

Mu 1870, Mfumu ya Prussia analengeza chilengedwe cha ku German Ufumu. Bayern analowa pambuyo Ludwig anakopa Otto Von Bismarck. Nduna analonjeza mfumu yaikulu benefiti ndalama. Komanso, Bavaria watumiza thandizo la Prussia 55 zikwi asilikali pa Franco-Prussian nkhondo, kenako ufumu lisanalengedwe.

Ludwig anadziwa kuti ngati chosalowerera ndale m'dziko lake adzakhala, m'tsogolo ndalama payekha. Prussia Mulimonsemo, inali yaikulu German mphamvu ndi posapita nthawi kuti chidzakantha anansi ake. Pakuti Bismarck thandizo Bavarian zinali zofunika, chifukwa yekha mgwirizano Munich n'zotheka kusangalatsa ankhanza magulu andale mu Berlin.

Ludwig anali ndi anzako ku Vienna, koma mapeto zopita chotsatirapo cha mfundo Berlin. Iye anali wokhoza kugwirizana ndi Bismarck zinthu yabwino kwa Munich. Ndi kuyamika Ludwig ufumu akuzisunga ndithu kudziyimira pawokha ndale ndipo ali kwa zaka zambiri kwakukulukulu palokha wa ufumu. Ngakhale masiku ano anthu a m'dera lino ali ndi maganizo asamalira palokha osati a ku Germany, koma makamaka mbadwa mbadwa Bavaria. January 18, 1871 mu Palace la Versailles, mu wotanganidwa Paris, ndi Prussian Korol Vilgelm anavekedwa Mfumu. Ludwig sanali kupezeka pa mwambo.

Mfumu womanga

Mu ulamuliro wake, Ludwig wakhala anayambitsa yomanga ambiri nyumba. Onse anali ntchito monga zogona ndi, mfumu. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo (Neuschwanstein Castle) inamangidwa 1884. Zida pakuti anabweretsedwa kuchokera konsekonse Germany. 2 Ludwig a Bavaria, amene maloko zinamangidwa pa ntchito payekha, anaganiza kuti ulemerero wa m'nyumba ya ntchito zithunzi anauziridwa ndi zithunzi za ku masewero a za Richard Wagner. Mfumu anakambirana ndi zina zachidule wolemba ndi mfundo zipinda.

Patapita Neuschwanstein wakhala malo a ntchito zokopa alendo. Lero, Bayern afika phindu yaikulu ndi kukopa alendo ochokera konsekonse mdziko ofuna kukaona malo lodabwitsali. Ngakhale Pyotr Tchaikovsky anachita chidwi ndi mpweya ndi kukongola kwa nyumbayi. Iwo anauzira Wolemba kulemba ndi kuvina "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja". Mu chikhalidwe ano otchuka Neuschwanstein bwino chifukwa chakuti mawonekedwe ake wakhala chitidwe pa Disneyland. Logo wotchuka situdiyo, akuvutika zojambula ilinso silhouette ya m'linga. Ndipo ena otchuka okhala, amene wamanga 2 Ludwig a Bavaria. moyo King anali wosungulumwa, kotero anamanga Nyumbayi kuseri kwa chinyumba (Linderhof, Nyumba Schachen, Herrenchiemsee), pamene anali kubisalira ena. Masiku ano, m'malo onsewa ndi malo alendo. Komanso pamalowa mungathe osati pitani maholo aliyense achifumu, komanso kugula kachikumbutso baji, Mendulo 2 Ludwig cha Bavaria ndi zinthu zina m'chikumbumtima.

Kutsekedwa kwa mfumu

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, moyo wa Ludwig 2 wa Bavaria anayamba kutsogolera moyo reclusive. Iye anapuma ku Neuschwanstein - wake Nyumbayi wotchuka. Chifukwa cha ichi, atumiki ndi mayiko ena a dziko, kuti alandire siginecha mfumu mu zolemba anali kupita kwa mfumu kutali kumapiri. Inde, ambiri anali wosasangalala ndi malamulo atsopano.

Kutalikirana 2 Ludwig a Bavaria odulidwa ndi ambiri a ojambula wawo. Anzangawo anayamba kuchoka izo. Mfumu yomaliza anali mnzanu wapamtima msuwani wake ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeti ya Austria. Iye, monga m'bale wake, anafunika ndi kukanidwa mu dziko la kwawo ndipo linkakhala wocheza ndi ena, nthawi kuchezera ulendo Bavaria kwawo. Ludwig ankakhala usiku ndipo anagona yekha masana. Chifukwa cha khalidwe, anali kudziŵika kuti ndi "mwezi mfumu".

Nthawi yotsiriza mfumu mwalamulo anaonekera poyera mu 1876. Anakapezeka kutsegula latsopano Bayrotskogo chikondwerero bungwe ndi Richard Wagner. Kenako Ludwig 2 wa Bavaria munayamba m'malo osokoneza. Iye anayamba losasamala mtima kwa malonda, nchifukwa chake chuma munalibe kanthu, ndi ngongole zake anapitiriza kukula. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama mfumu inaimitsidwa yomanga maloko ake atsopano.

Mphekesera zokhudza matendawa

Zowawa ndi oopsa kulakwitsa Ludwig anali maganizo ake kuchotsa yekha ku otsiriza awiri anakhulupirira pafupi - Schneider ndi alembi payekha ndi Tsinglera. Mfumu adayamba kusamutsa anawalamulira kudzera valets, osati mu kulemba ndi kulalatira kuti anakhala pansi chonde chakulalatira, mabodza, ndi mfumuyo inapanga zamalowo ku malo m'tsogolo.

Motalikira mfumu ankakhala nyumba yake, ndi amakadula, m'pamenenso pali mitundu yonse ya mbiri za matenda aubongo. Mwina Ludwig 2 wa Bavaria zinthu unnaturally chifukwa cha zimakhudza thupi la mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, anagwiritsa ntchito chloroform kuti Letsani toothaches pafupipafupi.

mavuto Mental anali ndi mamembala angapo a Wittelsbach mafumu ndi mwina ndi cholowa. m'bale Ludwig ndipo m'malo mwake Otto Ine anali ndi zizindikiro zofanana, nchifukwa chake pa zosankha zake ulamuliro anali regents. Similar m'njira zambiri amayang'anitsitsa mphekesera za misala mwini Neuschwanstein. Msuweni Elizabeth ndinaganiza Ludwig eccentric munthu amene anakhala m'dziko lake maloto. Komabe, nzeru zake zabwino Mfumukazi mosakayikira.

Zosemphana ndi boma

mtumiki sanaganize. 2 Korol Lyudvig a Bavaria anakhala kwa iwo vuto lalikulu. Chifukwa cha aloofness dongosolo lake boma pansi ake pamwamba ziwalo. Mu June 1886 kuti akambirane ndi bungwe la madokotala. Akatswiri ananena mfumu misala. Pankhaniyi iwo ntchito kokha mboni, koma sanali kufufuza mtima.

Koma munthu dokotala Ludwig Franz Karl Gershter kusaina pepala ndi kuzindikira kuti wazungulira mutu. Mu 1886, pambuyo pa imfa ya mfumu, anafalitsa buku la Nkhani zokhudza ulendo, amene mukayikire pa chiweruziro cha ntchito ndi matenda okhudza ubongo. Chifukwa cha buku lino Gershteru anapirira chizunzo ndi maulamuliro, ndi chifukwa, anasamukira ku Leipzig.

June 9 boma mwalamulo mosatsata Ludwig mphamvu. Malinga ndi malamulo a Zikatero, mpando wachifumu anali kupita Regent. Usiku, boma ntchito anafika ku Neuschwanstein, amene anali 2 Ludwig a Bavaria. Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake iye sanangokhala Nyumbayi. The Commission adawawuza mfumu mankhwala. Komabe, okhala anthu ake sikuloledwa. Iwo amayenera kubwerera ku Munich.

walekana ndi mphamvu

Mfumu, pozindikira kuopsa kwa zinthu, anaganiza kuti akamenyane ndi atumiki kudzera atolankhani. Iye analemba kalata lotseguka anatumizidwa ku nyuzipepala onse matauni. Onse a iwo, koma anali intercepted panjira. Kukonda lofalitsidwa pepala limodzi lokha, koma madzulo a manambala kumasulidwa yosindikiza nyumba linasindikizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa chiwerengero. Boma liyenera kulingalira pasadakhale mmene kudula kumbali ya mfumu.

Kuwonjezera manyuzipepala 2 Korol Lyudvig a Bavaria analemba andale wina German. uthengawo wake ingafikiridwe kwa Nduna Bismarck. Yolangiza mfumu kupita ku Munich ndi kulankhula kwa anthu, mawu kusintha othandiza. Ludwig analibe nthawi kutsatira langizo limeneli.

tsiku A anafika ku Neuschwanstein ntchito yatsopano. nthawi iyi madokotala anatha kulowa mnyumba ya m'linga. Ankawathandiza umalowa mu footman, amene anapatsa Mfumu. Ludwig analengeza chithandizo mokakamizidwa mu chipatala amisala. Komanso, woimira boma werengani enieni amanena othandiza. Iwo ananena kwa mfumu ya ku asamadye ndalama (makamaka ndalama anapita yomanga nyumba), osakhala nawo moyo wa Bavaria ndi mabwenzi wotero. Ludwig anali wosakwatira, analibe ana, koma iye anali ambiri okondedwa (mwachitsanzo, wosewera Yozef Kaynts ku Vienna).

imfa

Kwenikweni anamangidwa Ludwig anatumidwa ndi nyumba ya Berg, yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Starnberg. June 13, 1886, limodzi ndi zamaganizo Bernhard Von Gudden anapita kukayenda pabwalopo. Ndi iwo anali orderlies awiri, koma pulofesa anawatumiza ku m'linga. Pambuyo nkhani imeneyi, palibe amene anaona Gudden maziko ndi mfumu kutsitsidwa moyo. Pamene maola angapo anabwerera Berg, ndi commandant anayamba kuyang'ana kwa iwo.

Posakhalitsa, Lake Starnberg, matupi awiri anapezeka - anali pulofesa ndi 2 Ludwig a Bavaria. Wambiri ya mfumu wakhala osokonezeka, ndi chimaliziro cha matenda maganizo kwachititsa boma amati mfumu anali kudzipha. Background Gudden komanso anamira naye, pofuna kupulumutsa wodwala wosimidwa. Baibulo limeneli linakhala boma. Madokotala, amene aona Wittelsbach atsopano, ananena kuti iye analibe zizindikiro za misala ndi kuchita zinthu moyenera. anthu akhala Baibulo wamba kuti chilichonse chimene chachitika anali kupha ndale. Boma Choncho anachotsa mfumu kovuta. Palibe mfundo izi palibe umboni weniweni, kotero chinsinsi cha mphindi yotsiriza ya moyo wa Ludwig amakhalabe sanathetsedwe lero.

mfumu anaikidwa Munich, mu Mpingo wa St. Michael. m'malo mwake anali mng'ono wa Otto I.