Peter Kalnyshevsky: yonena. Canonization mtsogoleri Petra Kalnyshevskogo

Peter Kalnyshevsky - wotchuka Ataman Zaporizhzhya Sich, amene ali otsiriza mu mbiri ya Cossack Republic yapangitsa ofesi limeneli. Chifukwa cha zochita anachita pa moyo wa munthu uyu, atatha lililonse la Holy Synod ya Chiyukireniya Orthodox Church la lipoti la bungwe la Synodal kwa Zokhumudwitsa Oyera, iye canonized. Wolungama Petra Kalnyshevskogo kukumbukiridwa pa November 13 pa kalendala ya Gregory, tsiku la imfa yake. Pamene anakhala munthu uyu, zimene amadabwa anachita pa moyo wake, chinali chifukwa chakuti iye anali canonized? Yankho la funso limeneli adzayesa kupereka nkhani.

Chiyambi cha ulendo wa moyo

Kalnyshevsky Peter Ivanovich anali wochokera m'mudzi Pustovoytovka, limene lili mu dera Sumy (Ukraine). Chaka chobadwa - 1691. Mwatsoka, mbiri deta pafupifupi munthu anasunga za ubwana ndi unyamata wake. Mfundo za zaka zake zoyambirira anatsimikizira pakuona kokha koma nkhani kuti anthuwo wadutsa kuchokera mkamwa pakamwa.

Amadziwika yekha kuti anabadwa mu banja la Cossack. Posakhalitsa, amayi ake anamwalira, ndipo Peter pa zaka 8 zaka anafika Sich. Kaya zimenezi n'zoona kapena nthano - silidziŵika. Kodi iye anakwera pogona wa Cossacks, nayenso, silidziŵika.

Mu Zaporozhye Petr Kalnyshevsky anaphunzira yoyamba, ilo linali sukulu pa mpingo. Tikumbukenso kuti pamene maphunziro anali ndi udindo waukulu mu ntchito yake tsogolo la Cossack iliyonse. Mu Zaporozhye pa mipingo masukulu angapo anatseguka, kumene maphunziro anali kuchitidwa ndi nthumwi la atsogoleri achipembedzo.

Zoonadi ndi chakuti ntchito ya usilikali anayamba monga squire yosavuta. Asanakhale ataman, iye anali wamkulu ndi ulendo 1752 kuti 1761, ndi esaul asilikali 1754, ndi woweruza asilikali a ku 1763 kuti 1765

Kalnyshevsky anali wodziwa kwambiri asilikali mtsogoleri, opandamantha wankhondo, wandale kuchenjerera; Iye ankadziwa kwambiri ndipo anatha. N'zosadabwitsa kuti posachedwapa anali kupereka latsopano asilikali udindo - msilikali wamba.

Kalnyshevsky anali odziwika bwino pa bwalo. Kangapo konse, iye anali mkulu wa akazembe a Cossack monga Peter Ine ndi Ekaterina II.

1762 kunasintha moyo wake - Kalnyshevsky osankhidwa ataman.

chieftanship loyamba

Peter Kalnyshevsky, amene yonena wolemera zochitika za tinthu mbiri anasankhidwa Ataman kuposa kamodzi. osankhidwa ofesi yake kutoma akhacemerwa: "The ataman - woyendetsa wa asilikali lonse." Pa malo iyi Cossacks kusankha mutu awo mwa bravest ambiri yake zinachitikira akulu.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba Kalnyshevsky Ataman anakhala pang'ono ndithu. kutchuka wake mwa Cossacks udali waukulu ndithu. Iye adamsuntha ku udindo uwu Catherine II boma wakuipa.

chieftanship yachiwiri

Peter Kalnyshevsky anali wolemekezeka asilikali Cossack, ndi Cossacks sali ngakhale mantha akuphwanya lamulo la Mfumukazi. Mosiyana ndi chifuniro cha Catherine II, alonda Cossack kachiwiri anamusankha kukhala ataman awo. Izi zinachitika mu 1764.

Tikumbukenso kuti, monga mtsogoleri wina, Kalnyshevsky anayamba mwachangu Zaporozhye kuswana ng'ombe ndi ulimi. Iye ankafuna kuonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu m'dera lino ndipo ankaleza wamba amene anathawa ambuye awo. Ndi thandizo ndi nawo Cossacks zambiri anaukira Chitata kumasulidwa ku ukapolo wa m'dziko lawo. Ataman kenako wasankhidwa kuti dziko lawo mu Zaporozhye.

Chifukwa Kalnyshevsky posachedwa Zaporizhia steppe anapeza midzi ambiri atsopano. Peter Kalnyshevsky anakhala mmodzi mwa anthu olemera mu Ukraine. Iye anali mwini wa midzi yambiri ndi minda, minda ndi msipu, zikwi zambiri ng'ombe ng'ombe.

Kalnyshevsky anapita mu mbiri monga wofuna kuthandiza wotchuka. ndalama zake anamanga mipingo ndi akachisi mu Chiyukireniya midzi yambiri ndi m'midzi.

Kalnyshevsky ndi Catherine II

Catherine II zatenganso mbali osati tsoka Kalnyshevsky, iye anaika dzanja lake kuwonongedwa kwa lonse wa Zaporizhzhya Sich. Koma izi nkhani zotsatirazi.

Padakali pano, amadziwika kuti pa nthawi ina Kalnyshevsky, kukhala gawo la Cossacks ya alendo bwalo, anatenga mwayi wokumana ndi anthu apamwamba Russian ndi kugwirizananso zamtendere ndi zothandiza okha umunthu.

Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti pa nthawi Kalnyshevsky Peter Ivanovich anakhala mmodzi wa olemera ndi otchuka anthu Ukraine. Monga mtsogoleri, iye anaitanidwa ku coronation wa Catherine II.

anachitapo yokoma kwambiri ndipo anali kudziŵika mfumukazi, koma kuti sanali lingakhudze njira kuchotsa ake ku ofesi Kalnyshevsky Ataman Cossack ankhondo (ndi woyamba Kalnyshevsky yogwilitsidwa ofesi). Baibulo lina la mwambo umenewu, ananena kuti mfumukazi sanali mwakhama kulamulira m'dziko ataman Zaporizhzhya Sich.

Pamene Kalnyshevsky osankhidwa kachiwiri, mkulu wa Mfumukazi ngakhale analenga dipatimenti wapadera wa zofufuza, amene investigates zifukwa chotero kufika mwano yachifumu. Amene amadziwa kodi inatha kufufuza ndi mmene zolinga zambiri akanatero "anawulukira pansi kuchokera scaffold ndi," ngati si nkhondo ya pakati Russia ndi Turkey.

Chirasha Turkey nkhondo

yachifumu ankadziwa kuti Cossack asilikali angathandize kwambiri mu kugonjetsa Turkey, osati Cossacks anali ndi udindo zikuluzikulu pa nkhondo. Catherine II sakanachitira mwina koma "kutseka maso awo" kusankha mwadala Cossacks Kalnyshevsky, iye anakakamizika kuti mulimbane ndi chakuti chifuniro sanali anaphedwa.

Zinali chakuti ali wokondwa yaikulu, komanso chuma, Kalnyshevsky nthaŵi zonse ataman mpaka tsiku lomaliza la kukhalako kwa Sich. Chaka chilichonse kwa zaka 10, zinali mtsogoleri wosankhidwa wake.

Mu Russia, nkhondo ndi Turkey Cossack asilikali wasonyeza yokha yokha ndi dzanja bwino. Mfumukazi anasangalala kwambiri ndipo anadandaula asilikali udindo Cossack mtsogoleri wa mkulu ambiri. Komanso, mtsogoleri Peter Kalnyshevsky analandira udindo wa Chevalier wa Order ya Russian Ufumu - Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Sich: mapeto a mbiri

Zaporozhtsy anali asilikali ntchito, iwo anagwirizana Russia mu nkhondo ndi Turkey. Koma pa bwalo maganizo achifumu kuti iwo anali mwangwiro zoipa: Cossacks ankawaona opanduka. Ngakhale kuti Russia anali anaopsezedwa Chitata, Zaporozhye asilikali analekerera ndipo anavomera, koma pambuyo kusaina pangano mtendere ndi Crimea Khanate Mfumukazi anaganiza lichotse Cossacks. Prince Potemkin anali inaika lamulo pa chiwonongeko cha Zaporizhzhya Sich. Choncho, mu May cha 1755 kazembe wa Potemkin Tekeli wazunguliridwa ndi asilikali ake Sich.

Pamene Cossacks ziletso mfuti, iwo anaphunzitsidwa lamulo Mfumukazi, amene anachitira ndi Sich kuti - ingathebe ufumuwo. Koma mfumukazi nakhumba kuti kukhala lokongola, kukumbukira zimene thandizo anali Cossacks mu nkhondo ndi Turkey, iye anapereka kwa anthu amene akufuna kukhala pa msasa kusiya ntchito ya usilikali ndipo amachita ulimi.

Pa bungwe Cossack ndinapita kukaima Kalnyshevsky, anaganiza kupewa kukana wamagazi. Osati kale litali, ndi Cossacks kumenyana mogwirizana ndi Russian motsutsa Chitata.

chigamulocho. chakuti Sich kufuzika ndi unatha.

Tsoka zina za Kalnyshevsky

Kalnyshevskiy Petr Ivanovich, amene yonena Kwatha wozungulira latsopano, analandidwa ndipo anatengedwa molunjika ku St. Petersburg. Mtsogoleri wakale anaweruzidwa mwa usilikali Collegium. Chifukwa sanamvere malamulo a boma anapezeka wolakwa.

Tsopano mbiri yakale atapereka Baibulo kuti chifukwa chinali Kalnyshevsky ankafuna kukhala woyambitsa wa Sich zatsopano, kumene Cossacks ndi lonse Officer Zing'onozing'ono adzakhala okhulupirika iye yekha basi.

Kalnyshevsky, amene panthawiyo anali ndi zaka 85, anali kuti aphedwe. Potemkin yekha ankayesetsa kuti chilango chimene m'malo wokalamba Cossack mtsogoleri kwa moyo wonse ukapolo ku Solovki obisika.

Solovetsky obisika

khama Potemkin kuti anali ndi mphamvu, ndi Peter Kalnyshevsky otsiriza ataman anatsimikiza mu ndende chifukwa cha zoopsa sasonyeza anthu wamba, omwe anali pa dera la obisika Solovetsky.

Monga mtsogoleri yoopsa makamaka lonse la Russian Ufumu chigawenga, iye mosatsata lamanja la kulankhulana ndi m'makalata. Choncho, Kalnyshevsky anamangidwa ndi mochuluka monga zaka 25.

Pamene akaidi ena ya agulupa inkatetezedwa ndi 2 kusamala, Kalnyshevsky yoikidwiratu 4. analoledwa kuchoka malo m'ndende kwa nthawi 3 chaka, pa maholide otchuka achipembedzo: Chiwalitsiro wa Ambuye Wathu, Khirisimasi ndi Isitala. masiku awa anapezeka kulambira.

Tikumbukenso kuti Potemkin ndi Catherine Wachiwiri kuyembekezera 85 wazaka kutali. nkhani zake allocated ndalama zambiri, iye anafika poganiza mkaidi wolemekezeka. Komabe onyada Koschevoi konse pa nthawi mu ukapolo sanali kupeleka chopempha chirichonse kapena Mfumukazi kapena olowa ake. Komanso, kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, anaona ngati Potemkin ndi Catherine.

kumasulidwa

Petru Kalnyshevskomu zaka 110 pamene mdzukulu wa Catherine akufuna kumumasula. Komabe Ataman tinaitanidwa kusankha malo malawi zina. Ndi zaka lolemekezeka zimenezi, munthu wachikulire, ngakhale kuti anali kale wakhungu, koma anakhalabe pa maganizo. Iye anangoti anathokoza yomasulira (note, alibe mlingo wina wa Izitu n'zovutitsa) ndipo anamufunsa chilolezo kukhala mu malo amene iye anali amakonda zaka 25 m'ndende.

Kalnyshevsky: chipembedzo

Kukhala ataman, Kalnyshevsky akhali wakupembedza pyakwanga. Pambali iye ankakonda kusunga Chimonko amene anamvera malangizo a otsogolera auzimu.

Munthawi ya moyo wake iye anali Mlengi wake ndi womanga wake wa mipingo angapo. ndalama zake, matchalitchi ambiri muli ndi ziwiya mpingo watsopano.

Kukhala wamndende wa Solovki obisika, iye yagoletsa kupembedza ndi kudzichepetsa.

Pambuyo kumasulidwa ndi Kalnyshevsky anakhala zaka 2. Mu 1803 anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi Chiwalitsiro Cathedral, m'dera la obisika a. Mwatsoka, m'manda a mtsogoleri kulimba mu mawonekedwe wapachiyambi sanakhale ndi moyo, chifukwa pa 30-ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo ku dera, kumene anakhala Ataman, m'ndende kachiwiri adapitiriza, koma nthawi imeneyi dziko la Soviet Union adani.

Popeza malo m'manda a mtsogoleri atakhala mu ndende anthu chabe anadzala minda, manda unawonongedwa pansi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, izo wapezeka ndi kubwezeretsedwa gravestone zikusonyeza kuti dzikoli anaikidwa Kalnyshevsky.

Peter Kalnyshevsky: canonization

ana oyamikira musaiwale mtsogoleri wamkulu. Pa manda ake anamangidwira malo ndi chithunzi cha Lika Koshevogo.

November 13, 2015 Kalnyshevsky, chifukwa cha kanthu ndi khama la Mpingo Chiyukireniya Orthodox mu Moscow Orthodox anali canonized.

Kuyambira tsopano, St. Peter Kalnyshevsky atalemekeza tsiku la kutengerapo wake kudziko lina - 13 November. Malinga ndi miyambo ya Orthodoxy, pemphero wapadera ndi fano ndi nkhope wa woyera yapangidwa.

Madzulo a canonization cha Petra Kalnyshevskogo Metropolitan wa Kiev ndi onse Ukraine Onufry wopita kwa chiyero Chake kholo la Moscow ndi onse Russia Kirill kupempha madalitso kwa kupeza zotsalira za mtsogoleri wamkulu ndi posamutsa iwo kwawo - mu Zaporozhye.

Pambuyo kuti tichoke 14 dioceses ansembe anayamba kuimba mapemphero, imene Petro canonized Kalnyshevsky. Zotsalira za oyera, atsogoleri a matchalitchi chigamulo adzakhala Woyera Virgin Protection Cathedral.