Phula ❖ kuyanika: Technology ndi Malangizo

Anaphedwa zochokera bituminous osakaniza njira ndi chimodzi cha zokutira kwambiri zaphindu. Ndi zothandiza mtengo ndi zambiri amalola makhalidwe kofunika opaleshoni. N'zoona kuti kuchita wopanda zolakwika, koma iwo amakhala zimachitika milandu luso sanali stacking. Komano, efficiently anakonza phula ❖ kuyanika amapereka mokwanira mkulu zimakhudza mphamvu ndi elasticity. Pankhaniyi, pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuti pakhale misewu ndi nsanja, kusiyana amene amayambitsa zikuchokera osakaniza ndi kulongedza katundu umisiri.

Zikuchokera osakaniza bituminous

Traditional phula luso amapereka chipangizo pamaso pa mbali yaikulu ya mchere filler ndi binder. Gulu loyamba la zipangizo monga mchenga ndi miyala. Choncho chomenyedwa mwina amasinthidwa ndi miyala ndi mchenga ntchito mu mawonekedwe lonse kapena kum'pondereza.

Komanso malinga ndi zofunikira za ❖ kuyanika ndi zikhalidwe zake opaleshoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito zabwino ufa mchere. Mbali organic wa zikuchokera zofunika zambiri phula binder. Makhalidwe amene chifukwa amalandira phula simenti, anatsimikiza njira mapangidwe kusakaniza m'munsi. Kusiyana njira kupanga njira chifukwa magawo a zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, miyala kapena mwala wosweka akhoza anasankha ndi nusu la mamilimita 10 40. Ndipo phula mwina viscosities osiyana ndi machulukidwe. Izi ndi zinthu zina pamapeto pake kudziwa makhalidwe a ❖ kuyanika.

Malangizo yobereka mankhwala kwa malo

Kumachitika kwenikweni anatsimikiza ndi mtundu, chiwerengero ndi mphamvu magalimoto kuti adzapereka yobereka lapansi. kusankha Izi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa ntchito, voliyumu ya osakaniza ndi mlingo wa makongoletsedwe m'tsogolo. ndondomeko zoyendera kumaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo masekeli, tsegula nkhani yomweyo kusamutsidwa kudzapereka poti alandire. Pakuti yokonza tulo, ozizira komanso otentha mix ntchito kuyeretsa thupi dumper amene aphimbidwa ndi zoteteza madzi awning kapena denga. Kuumbidwa zosakaniza phula simenti amene anapanga, chimadzera mu otchedwa Kocher. Izi galimoto ndi thermos-akakhale opanga, kupereka mu ndondomeko ya kayendetsedwe kusanganikirana ndi Kutentha wa zikuchokera. Pankhani nthawi kayendedwe, mu nkhani ya zosakaniza otentha ndi utomoni wonunkhira amadalira makhalidwe a zosakaniza ndi njira kwa zoletsa ozizira pa nthawi mayendedwe palibe.

ntchito kukonzekera

Chochitika chachikulu pa pokonzekera liza kuika osakaniza ndi mayeso ❖ kuyanika chipangizo. M'litali n'kupanga amenewa ndi osachepera 200 m, ndi m'lifupi watengedwera malinga ndi magawo a ndime ya paver lapansi. Yachokera pa zotsatira stacking luso kudziwa abwino kwambiri Chinsinsi kusakaniza ngati n'koyenera, kusintha ndondomeko ya kaikidwe ndi compaction ake luso.

Mayeso phula simenti mayesero makhalidwe monga kutentha, mkhalidwe wa m'munsi chisindikizo ndi boma la T. D. cholinga kuti luso kulamulira. Makamaka njira sanali yotayikitsa, kung'anima kutenga zitsanzo pachimake, amene zina ankafufuza zinthu zasayansi. Pamaziko a mfundo imeneyi technologists kupereka malangizo kwa Mlengi. Ngati ndi kotheka, osakaniza kusintha kwa zinthu zenizeni ntchito ❖ kuyanika.

Njira osakaniza yogawa

Pamaso kupezeka kwa mbale yomalizidwa pamwamba pa m'mphepete mwa paver anaika matabwa kale, kutalika Chofanana ndi makulidwe a wosanjikiza kukhuta. Pofuna kupewa kufalitsa kusakaniza, ntchito kutsetsereka mtundu formwork - ayenera kusuntha yoposa paver lapansi. Ngati chipangizo si ino, ngakhale isanayambe yogawa motsogozedwa kotenga kofunika kukonza zitsulo anamangirira mozungulira 20 mamita m'litali. The makulidwe a chotchinga sayenera zosakwana msinkhu wa ❖ kuyanika anapanga. Mwa njira, ndi makulidwe a phula ❖ kuyanika pa ranges pafupifupi kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Monga zitsulo mipiringidzo anachita kutsukidwa kuwayika ndipo potero misa. Koma m'lifupi, ndi zambiri anachita osakaniza yogawa wotseka njira lonse.

Ngati maziko a yogawa zolakwa pamwamba ndi wapezeka, iwo ayenera kukonzedwa pamanja. Mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito compactors kuti kulola mfundo ndi kukonza matabwa leaky, tokhala ndi zolakwa zina. Childs, kupunduka anapanga pa mbali ya gulu abutment kuti mchitidwe abutment - yemweyo zitsulo bar. Payokha backfilled miyala ndi mwala wosweka. zigawo izi phula ❖ kuyanika anapanga osakaniza uniformly chochuluka yomweyo pambuyo yogawa. Komanso particulate nkhani ndi recessed mu m'munsi ❖ kuyanika wodzigudubuza mosavuta.

luso chisindikizo

anatsekera ndondomeko ayenera kuthamanga kufanana kwa phula wogulitsa kuti kugawira kusakaniza. Potero wodzigudubuza amathamanga mosalekeza umakhalapo. Komanso gladkovaltsovaya akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ophatikizana pneumatic-mabasi. Mphamvu ndi psinjika katundu otentha ndi ozizira phula zigawo structural masamu pa zizindikiro zingapo. Makamaka, njira ya amaganizira makhalidwe a kachulukidwe ndi kutentha za misa.

Zida phula ❖ kuyanika wa osakaniza wandiweyani otentha chopangidwa ndi zisindikizo 0,99 koyefishienti. Kuziziritsa osakaniza kuganiza katundu chinthu cha 0,96. Cross lumikiza zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mizere kukonza perpendicular kwa olamulira a msewu mu gulu limodzi popanda kusiya ledges. Kukwaniritsa chikhalidwe ichi lisanathe Mzere anakonza n'zometa chida chapadera ndi munthu chimbale diamondi.

Kukonza phula simenti m'misewu Guide

Pamaso kwenikweni ankapha yokonza ntchito anachita Kuphunzira kafukufuku. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, pamwamba ndi kutsukidwa ndi thandizo la maburashi msewu, ndiye zida geodesic zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aletse evenness wa ❖ kuyanika. Malinga ya zopindika amadziŵika, zowonjezera ntchito kukonzedwa. Mopitilira kuonetsetsa evenness a zigawo ikusonyezedwa mwa stumps pachithandara danga. A kapamwamba ndi mlingo ntchito kwa ❖ kuyanika overlapped. Ikani mu kachingwe ndi m'mene kuchepa mu makulidwe anasonyeza, amaonedwa kuti ndi tsogolo yopingasa kokha mzere. Komanso, phula m'misewu kukonza angapereke mphamvu zigawo ntchito. Childs, zochitika ichi chagwiritsidwa chipangizo ❖ kuyanika, nkhanza m'zitsime. Kuti tichite zimenezi, oyika wapadera ndipo anatsindika zigawo konkire angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

zindikirani chitetezo

Ngakhale pamaso pa malo ena ntchito chandamale gawo ayenera kutetezedwa ndi zizindikiro zoyenera msewu. Ntchito pamalo anthu ayenera ovololo, ndi malamulo okhazikika. Usiku, m'dera ayeneranso kupeza ndi kuunikira ndi magetsi ziphaliwali. miyeso ena chitetezo Amawapatsa zochizira njira zako. Choncho, pamene katundu chonyamulira ndi osakaniza a anthu sanaloledwe pakati pa galimoto ndi hopper ndi chuma. M'kupita kwa kuwayika ndipo potero phula misewu wokutira ayenera kukhala wopanda zinthu zakunja ndi antchito. Nditamaliza ntchito lonse kufufuza, zida ndi zipangizo chiyenera kuchotsedwa mu ❖ kuyanika ndi kwa yoyenera malo osungira.

❖ kuyanika ulamuliro Quality

Kafukufuku khalidwe anakonza chivundikiro wopangidwa ndi thandizo la zipangizo zapadera. Makamaka ntchito calibrated zida makina kwa choyezera, komanso zipangizo zina zapadera zimathandiza kuti data-lotengeka anasonyeza Integrated linanena bungwe. Mwa makhalidwe ambiri, amene Akuti pamaziko a "ntchito" phula zokutira, pali kugwilizana ndi magawo kapangidwe mu unyinji ndi m'lifupi, zigawo flatness, gradients, kutentha ndi khalidwe la matabwa pakati n'kupanga lapansi.

Pomaliza

Ntchito pa kusanjika kwa phula ndi m'ndandanda wa miyeso luso. Choncho chapadera kwambiri pa maganizo a za kupanga apamwamba njira pamwamba ndi kuwerengetsera koyamba Kamangidwe kamangidwe. Ngakhale ndi khama kuika ndi kusindikiza ❖ kuyanika sangathe kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo ngati osakaniza zosayenera linasankhidwa. Ngakhale zofunika luso phula ❖ kuyanika zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito muyezo ya zigawo pokonza njira kwa unsembe, magawo awo zingasiyane. Choncho atagona ankachita mayesero zosakaniza kuti kupereka mfundo zina za makhalidwe ambiri zaphindu kwa ❖ kuyanika kwa malo makamaka. Ndiponso udindo ndi khalidwe la msewu akudutsa mwachindunji gulu opaleshoni kuti kugawira ndi compresses unyinji wa phula simenti.