Prirazlomnoe mafuta kumunda Nyanja Pechora

M'dziko pali unexplored m'madera ambiri. Malo awa - kozizira. Kuphunzira Arctic anayamba kuyambira Ages Middle. Chitukuko cha deralo ulipobe. Kuposa 2/3 la mafuta ndi gasi minda dziko Arctic zikawonongeka ili mu zone Russian alumali. Nazonso ndi Prirazlomnoye mafuta munda mwa a Pechora Sea.

Mbiri ya polojekiti

Prirazlomnoe munda Akatswiriwa anapeza mu 1989. Kusintha kwa ndale ndi kulepheretsa chitukuko cha chuma ofikira.

Only mu 1993, ngati nthambi za "Gazprom" - "ROSSHELF" - kuyambira kuchita yogwira chitukuko Prirazlomnoe. Geological kufufuza zitsime zitatu pamaso 1994. Kale mu 1996, kampani wakonzera chuma ndi luso kuthekera. Mu 1997, anavomereza dongosolo kumanga amodzi nsanja.

Mu 1998, pamene kapangidwe nsanja anali mu siteji yogwira chisanu ntchito chifukwa cha kusakhulupirika zachuma. Patapita zaka 5, ntchito wakhala kusintha, ndipo ali ndi kampani latsopano wocheperapo "Gazprom" - "Sevmorneftegas" - kuyambiranso yomanga. nsanja unsembe deadlines kwa nthawi yaitali kulephereka. Gawo loyamba la ntchito yomanga inatha okha kumapeto kwa 2010. Ndipo kokha pa mapeto a 2013th iye anayamba kukhala kwathunthu ntchito.

nsanja Features

Dera kumene Prirazlomnoe munda - Nefteyugansk chigawo cha Nenets Autonomous District. Nsanja ili 60 Km from Chile.

Pa chitukuko m'munda wa ku nyanja wakhazikitsidwa mwapadera nsanja kuti akhoza kugwira ntchito pa otsika kutentha, ayezi, mphepo yamphamvu ndi mafunde nyanja. mozama pa zomwe mafuta kupanga ikuchitika - 20 mamita The nsanja ndi wotetezedwa pansi panyanja ya ballast.. Kulemera okwana, kuphatikizapo ballast, ndi matani 500,000. Malinga ndi ndondomeko nsanja kuti kubowola 36 zitsime pofuna kuti pachaka mafuta yopanga matani 6.5 miliyoni.

udindo munda

Prirazlomnoe oilfield wapadera, kuyambira ntchito pa m'zigawo "golide wakuda" zimagwiridwa pa icho kuchokera pa nsanja, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, dongosolo la boma kulembetsa ntchito yomanga ya malamulo Russian silinakwaniritsidwe anakamba.

Malinga ndi Chilamulo Federal №187, nsanja - ndi kumanga yokumba wa alumali chokhala la Chitaganya cha Russia m'deralo. Chigamulo Court wa Moscow District mu 2009 anaganiza kuzindikira kwake nyumba hayidiroliki lokhazikika. Komanso mu 2012 "Prirazlomnaja" mayina monga chotengera nyanja kupita mu Register ya Zombo Russia ndi zimachitika ku doko la Naryan-Mar.

Management makampani

Prirazlomnoe oilfield anayamba mwachangu anayamba kuyambira 1992. Ndi apadera ogwira ntchito "ROSSHELF" analengedwa chaka chino. The memorandum linali ndi makampani osiyanasiyana pafupifupi 20, ena mwa iwo chinkhoswe mu kufufuza za kuthengo Shtokman. Mu March 1993, JSC "ROSSHELF" analandira chilolezo kugwira ntchito osiyanasiyana, migodi ndi chiwerengero cha miyala ya mafuta.

Kuyambira mu 2001, kampani "Gazprom" ndi "Rosneft" chinayamba mafuta ndi gasi dziwe la Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, kuphatikizapo Prirazlomnoe kumunda. "Yuganskneftegaz" - ngati nthambi za "Rosneft" - asaaonerera pa nsanja siteshoni ikukoka kuyambira 2006. Mu 2002, kampani "Sevmorneftegas" analandira chilolezo kwa ntchito madipoziti mafuta Prirazlomnoe. Mu 2009, "Rosneft 'anadzigulitsa' Gazprom" kanthu onse "Sermorneftegaza" ndi kampani dzina lake "Gazpromneftshelf". Kuyambira 2014 inasanduka wocheperapo a "Gazprom Neft".

Features yosungirako ndi mayendedwe a mafuta

Akasinja wa mafuta zili pansi pa nsanja - mu caisson lapansi. yaiwisi yosungirako zinthu luso akutchedwa "chonyowa" chifukwa kaya chidzalo cha thanki mafuta anapitiriza chisefuka ndi madzi. Mafuta akulowa thanki kudzera ndi limagwirira - ndi diffuser. Pamene kudzaza madzi thanki amakakamizidwa mu dongosolo ballast, amene amayendetsa kuyeretsa zina. Madzi ndiye ntchito pressurize malo mafuta.

Pakuti kutumiza mafuta mu mgodi ladzala kuchokera yosungirako pressurized madzi. Mafuta amawapopa kuchokera pamwamba mu dongosolo kutumiza chidebe. Monga ikukoka ballast madzi chimadzaza thanki.

Mayendedwe ikuchitika mwa mathanki yoyenda amene nakocheza sanali kukhudzana nsanja.

Njira kuteteza zachilengedwe ndi mavuto a zachilengedwe

Prirazlomnoe gawo ili pafupi zingapo mwapadera kutetezedwa. Choncho, mbali chilengedwe mafuta zonse zogwirizana.

Ngakhale kuti ntchito kunali mndandanda wa mayeso, kuwononga chilengedwe akadali ntchito. Kuchepetsa inatenga angapo ntchito:

• pa zipangizo madzi wambiri mipope anaika, moti mpaka kuchepetsa 80% imfa ya nyama zam'madzi;
• Muuni usiku ntchito yafupika mmene ndingathere kupewa ngozi ndi mbalame zouluka ndi nsanja.

Palibe munda mafuta ndi amakumana ndi zipangizo zopangira amatayika mu dziko. munda Prirazlomnoe ndi akupangidwa chaka chonse, ngakhale usiku kumalo ozizira. Mafuta litulukira inathetsedwa mofulumira kudera Arctic ndi sizingatheke - gawo la icho chimapita kupyola ayezi. Zipangizo litulukira ayankhe pafupifupi 1,000 makilomita ku "Prirazlomnaya" mu Murmansk. Apaulendo ku malo a ngozi ndi mavuto nyengo.

munda Prirazlomnoe ndi zina zamakono zovuta, imene muli njira zotsogola kwa pobowola, kupanga mayendedwe a mafuta. chitukuko ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa chuma Russian.