Cathodic chitetezo: ntchito ndi miyezo

Dzimbiri - mankhwala ndi electrochemical zimene zitsulo ndi chilengedwe, kuchititsa kuwonongeka. Wasefukira imathamanga zosiyanasiyana kungachepe. Kuyambira mfundo za view chidwi ndi odana ndi dzimbiri cathodic chitetezo cha nyumba zitsulo pokhudzana ndi nthaka, ndi madzi ndi atolankhani. Makamaka kuonongeka kunja chitoliro pamwamba pa zotsatira za nthaka ndi nthaka mafunde.

Mkati dzimbiri zimadalira katundu a sing'anga. Ngati mpweya, ayenera bwinobwino kutsukidwa ku chinyezi ndi zinthu zokhala ndi asidi, sulfide wa hydrogen, mpweya ndi ena.

Mfundo ntchito

Zinthu za electrochemical ndondomeko dzimbiri ndi chilengedwe, zitsulo ndi mawonekedwe therebetween. Lachitatu, ndiwo ambiri lonyowa dothi kapena madzi, ali wabwino magetsi madutsidwe. Pa mawonekedwe pakati ndi khoma lake zitsulo za zimene electrochemical amapezeka. Ngati panopa zabwino (kwa anode elekitirodi), ndi ayoni chitsulo pochitika mu njira yapafupi, imbaenda imfa ya misa ya chitsulo. Chisoni amachititsa dzimbiri. Ndi panopa zoipa (a cathode elekitirodi) ndi zomvetsa izi, kuyambira ma elekitironi pochitika mu njira. Njira ntchito electroplating kutsatira zokutira kuti zitsulo zitsulo akakhala.

Cathodic kupewa dzimbiri ikuchitika pamene chinthu umaperekedwa kwa kuthekera zoipa chitsulo.

Chifukwa chaichi, anaika mu nthaka ndi anode elekitirodi chokhudzana ndi HIV angathe thereto ku gwero mphamvu. Pasanathe umaperekedwa kwa chinthu kutetezedwa. Cathodic chitetezo anode kumabweretsa kudzitsitsa yogwira ku dzimbiri kwa elekitirodi anode yekha. Choncho, ayenera m'malo nthawi.

Zotsatira zoipa dzimbiri galvanic

mapulani dzimbiri angayambe ku zochita za mafunde yosokera kulowa ku machitidwe ena. Iwo lipindulitsa pa mipherezero koma amavutitsa kwambiri kwa nyumba kwambiri spaced. mafunde yosokera akhoza kugawidwa ndi njanji inasangalatsa zoyendera. Iwo amapita kwa substation ndi kugunda mipope. Pamene linanena bungwe la amene anapanga malo anodic, kuchititsa dzimbiri kwambiri. Kuteteza ntchito magetsi ngalande - wapadera panopa achire ku payipi gwero. N'zothekanso cathodic kuteteza mapaipi ndi dzimbiri. Pakuti ichi m'pofunika kudziwa kukula kwa mafunde yosokera, amene anayeza ndi zipangizo zapadera.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za miyezo magetsi osankhidwa njira ya chitetezo cha payipi ya. njira Universal ndi njira chabe chitoliro kutchinjiriza kuchokera pansi naye kudzera mwa zokutira chimateteza. chitetezo Cathodic wa payipi ikugwilizirana ndi njira yogwira.

chitetezo cha mapaipi

Kulengedwa mu nthaka kuti adziteteze dzimbiri, ngati inu kulumikiza iwo opanda zonse gwero panopa, ndi kuphatikiza - kwa anode elekitirodi, m'manda mu nthaka lotsatira. Current ukufika mlathowo kuteteza dzimbiri. Choncho opangidwa chitetezo cathodic wa mapaipi, akasinja kapena mapaipi ili mu nthaka.

The anodic elekitirodi adzakhala bwino ndipo ayenera nthawi m'malo. Pakuti thanki wodzazidwa ndi madzi, maelekitirodi ndi anayikidwa mkati. The madzi ndi electrolyte kudzera amene panopa umayenda kuchokera anodes pamwamba chidebe. maelekitirodi bwino ankalamulira, ndipo ndi wosavuta m'malo. nthaka kovuta kuchita.

magetsi

Near mafuta ndi gasi mapaipi, Kutentha ndi madzi Intaneti omwe amafunika kuteteza cathodic, kukhazikitsa okwerera imene munthu voteji umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu. Ngati iwo anayikidwa panja, mlingo wa chitetezo ayenera kukhala osachepera IP34. Zipinda youma woyenera aliyense.

Stations chitetezo cathodic wa mapaipi ndi zina zazikulu ndi mphamvu 1 10 kW.

magawo mphamvu yawo imadalira makamaka zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kukana pakati pa nthaka anode;
• nthaka madutsidwe;
• kutalika kwa zone chitetezo;
• wokutira chimateteza kwenikweni.

Chikhalidwe ndi transducer ndi cathodic chitetezo thiransifoma unsembe. Tsopano m'malo mwa inverter, ndi kakang'ono ake, bata bwino ndi mphamvu kwambiri Mwachangu. M'madera zofunika anapereka opha ndi ntchito panopa ndi voteji lamulo, mayikidwe ndipo ungathe kuchita zina zodzitetezera.

Zida anayambitsa kumsika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pakuti zofunika za ntchito kapangidwe mwambo, kupereka bwino kantchito.

Magawo panopa gwero

Kuti adziteteze dzimbiri kwa kuthekera chitsulo amateteza 0,44 V. Zochita ayenera kukhala wamkulu chifukwa chikoka cha inclusions ndi chikhalidwe padziko zitsulo. Mtengo pazipita 1 V. pamaso pa zokutira zitsulo pa panopa pakati maelekitirodi ndi 0,05 Ma / mamita ^2. Ngati kutchinjiriza wasweka, izo kumawonjezera kwa 10 Ma / mamita ^2.

chitetezo Cathodic othandiza osakaniza njira ina, chifukwa mphamvu zochepa chimadyedwa. Ngati kapangidwe pamwamba ali lacquer ❖ kuyanika, electrochemically kuteteza malo okha kumene anagwiriridwa.

Features chitetezo cathodic

1. magwero mphamvu ndi siteshoni kapena magudumu yam'manja.
2. Location anode mabedi zimadalira limatchula za mapaipi. A makonzedwe ndondomeko akhoza anagawira kapena anaikira, ndi pabwino pa kuya osiyana.
3. Anode zinthu amusankha ndi solubility otsika, izo mokwanira zaka 15.
4. Angathe munda zoteteza kuchita masamu aliyense payipi. Iye sali malamulo, ngati nyumba palibe ❖ kuyanika zozitetezera.

Standard zofunika "Gazprom" chifukwa Cathodic Protection

• Action pa moyo wa chitetezo.
• Chitetezo overvoltage mumlengalenga.
• Kuwayika okwerera mu chipika-mabokosi kapena freestanding vandal zosagwira.
• Anodic grounding osankhidwa m'madera osachepera kukana magetsi dothi.
• makhalidwe transducer amasankhidwa zochokera kukalamba ❖ kuyanika zoteteza ku payipi.

chitetezo nsembe

Njira mtundu wa chitetezo cathodic ndi maelekitirodi kugwirizana ndi zitsulo zambiri electronegative mwa asing'anga conductive. kusiyana lagona, pakalibe gwero mphamvu. Kuyenda dzimbiri zimatengera pa yokha, Kutha mu chilengedwe conductive.

Patapita zaka zochepa za anode ayenera m'malo chifukwa amapangidwa.

Zotsatira za anode ndi kumawonjezera ndi kuchepa kusintha kukana wake chilengedwe. M'kupita kwa nthawi, izo zikhoza TACHIMATA ndi wosanjikiza dzimbiri. Izi zimachititsa osauka kukhudzana magetsi. Pamene anaika mu anode osakaniza a mchere kupereka yanyumba mankhwala dzimbiri, dzuwa ndi bwino.

Zotsatira kuyenda okha. Utali wozungulira anatsimikiza polimbana ndi magetsi a sing'anga ndi kusiyana ulipo pakati pa anode ndi cathode.

chitetezo nsembe, pakalibe Akutsatira gwero mphamvu, kapena pamene ntchito zawo si chuma zotheka. Ndi disadvantageous pamene ntchito mapangidwe acidic chifukwa mlingo mkulu wa kuvunda kwa anodes lapansi. Amateteza wokwera mu madzi, mu nthaka kapena sing'anga ndale. The anodes zitsulo koyera sayenera kuchita. nthaka kuvunda amapezeka omangidwa, magnesium kuwononga mofulumira kwambiri ndi oxides zotayidwa kupanga olimba filimu.

zipangizo amateteza

Kuti aponda ndi chofunika makhalidwe ntchito, iwo anapangidwa kuchokera kasakaniza wazitsulo wa dopants zotsatirazi.

• Zn + 0,025-0,15% Cd + 0,1-0,5% Al - chitetezo zida m'nyanjamo.
• Al + 8% Zn + 5% MG + Cd, Mu, gl, Hg, TL, MN, Si (kachigawo peresenti a) - machitidwe a nyumba mu loyenda m'madziwo.
• Mg wa + 5-7% Al + 2-5% Zn - chitetezo cha nyumba zing'onozing'ono m'nthaka kapena madzi ndi ndende otsika mchere.

Kusagwiritsa ntchito aponda zina zimabweretsa zotsatira zoipa. Anodes anapanga ya magnesium zingachititse akulimbana zida chifukwa cha chitukuko cha embrittlement wa hydrogen.

Kuyenda olowa cathodic kutetezedwa zokutira dzimbiri timapitiriza nchito zake.

zoteteza yogawa masiku ano bwino ndi anodes chofunikila ndi zochepa kwambiri. Mmodzi mankhwala enaake a anode amateteza phula TACHIMATA chitoliro pa kutalika 8 Km ndi uncoated - yekha ndi 30 m.

Dzimbiri kuteteza matupi galimoto

Pamene ❖ kuyanika makulidwe kuphwanya galimoto thupi mwina kuchepetsedwa mu zaka 5 mpaka 1 mm, T. E. Kudzera dzimbiri. Kubwezeretsa wosanjikiza atetezeke n'kofunika, koma Kuwonjezera lili njira kumaliza kutha kwa ndondomeko dzimbiri mwa cathodic chitetezo galvanic. Ukachita thupi mu zitsulo ndi cathode dzimbiri ikutha. Anodes akhale pamwamba aliyense conductive, kufupi: mbale zitsulo, ndi grounding dera la nyumba garaja, msewu pamwamba yonyowa. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ya chitetezo kumawonjezera ndi dera anode lapansi. Ngati anode ndi pamwamba msewu, kuti mulankhule nawo ntchito "mchira" wa mphira metallized. Izo aikidwa kutsogolo kwa magudumu, kuti bwino kugwa kutsitsi. "Mchira" n'kopanda thupi.

Ndi anode ndi chikugwirizana kudzera batire kuphatikiza 1 kohm resistor ndi kulumikizana mu mndandanda nazo LED. Pamene anatseka dera kudzera anode pamene olumikizidwa kwa thupi zoipa mu mode yachibadwa anatsogolera zounikira faintly. Ngati yowala, kumatanthauza kuti dera lalifupi zinachitika mu dera la. Chifukwa ayenera kupezeka ndi inathetsedwa.

Kuteteza sequentially mu unyolo ayenera kukhazikitsa lama fuyusi.

Pamene galimoto mu garaja ndi anode ake olumikizidwa kwa pansi. Pa kayendedwe ka kugwirizana chikuchitika kupyolera "mchira."

Pomaliza

chitetezo Cathodic ndi njira za kuwonjezeka kudalilika ntchito ya mapaipi mobisa ndi nyumba zina. Iwo ayenera kuganizira mmene iye zoipa mizere pafupi ku zochita za mafunde yosokera.