Sankhani ya mphamvu konkire: zizindikiro zoyimira, luso ndi zizindikiro kiyi ntchito

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika za khalidwe konkire amachita mphamvu. Ngati inu mutidziwe ndi zofunikira za mfundo boma, n'zotheka kupeza nkhani mphamvu kuti akhoza zimasiyana M50 ndi 800. Koma wina wa zopangidwa wotchuka kwambiri ndi konkire pa M100 mpaka 500.

akuchiritsa ndandanda

A njira ya konkire kuti nthawi inayake pambuyo kuthira adzakhala kupeza kufunika katundu ntchito. Izi imeneyi nthawi amatchedwa nthawi makulitsidwe, angathe kuchitidwa pambuyo ntchito wosanjikiza atetezeke. Ndandanda anapereka mphamvu konkire akuganizira nthawi imene zinthu lidzafika apamwamba mphamvu zimatiyika. Ngati zinthu zachilendo kupulumutsidwa, ndiye kudzatenga masiku 28.

Woyamba masiku asanu - nthawi imene adzakhala intensively kuumitsa. Koma pa masiku 7 nditamaliza zinthu kufika pa 70% mphamvu. Komanso ntchito yomanga bwino kuyamba akafika mphamvu mtheradi zimene zimachitika pambuyo pa masiku 28. Ndandanda anapereka konkire mphamvu pa nthawi angakhale osiyana wokhudza munthu. Pofuna kudziwa nthawi, ikuchitika kungoyeza pa zitsanzo.

Kodi china chimene muyenera kudziwa

Ngati ntchito pa ntchito yomanga nyumba monolithic ikuchitika nthawi ofunda, kuti konza makulitsidwe osakaniza anapezanso katundu thupi ndi makina a ndondomeko adzafunika wotithandiza yomanga formwork ndi kusiya okhwima pambuyo dismantling a mpanda. Sankhani ya mphamvu konkire mu ozizira adzakhala osiyana. Pofuna kukwaniritsa kalasi mphamvu, m'pofunika kupereka Kutentha konkire ndi kumatira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kutentha m'munsi zimathandiza kusokoneza polymerization.

Cholinga mphamvu zinachitika posachedwapa, ndi nthawi yopeza simenti anali sanamvere, m'pofunika kuwonjezera kwa zosakaniza peskobeton amene vodoprotsentnoe chiŵerengero ndi kochepa. Ngati simenti ndi madzi ananenanso mu chiŵerengero cha zinayi, ndiye tsiku adzaphedwa mu theka. Kupeza chifukwa ngati zikuchokera uyenera wodzilemekeza ndi plasticizers. osakaniza akhoza okhwima msanga ngati chongopeka kwezani kutentha kwake.

Control wa kuchiritsa

Ndandanda ya mphamvu konkire unkachitika, chifukwa nthawi zina - kwa sabata - m'pofunika kukhazikitsa njira kuonetsetsa zinthu okalamba njira. M'pofunika kutenthetsa, humidify ndi doko chinyezi ndi kutentha chimateteza zipangizo.

Kuti tichite zimenezi, mfuti kutentha ntchito nthawi zambiri. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa akatswiri amalangiza wetting pamwamba. Patapita masiku 7 pambuyo kuponyera pansi zinthu izi, ngati yozungulira kutentha adzakhala osiyanasiyana monga 25 mpaka 30 ° C, kamangidwe akhoza yodzaza.

gulu la concretes

Ngati simenti ntchito ndondomeko ya kusakaniza njira ndi chikhalidwe aggregates wandiweyani, moti kupeza nyimbo lolemera, osakaniza deta amatchula sukulu M50-M800. Ngati pamaso panu konkire kalasi M50-M450, kukonzekera ake fillers porous ntchito, kulola kulandira nyimbo kuwala. Konkire ali ndi chizindikiro mu M50, M150, ngati n'zosavuta kwambiri kapena kuwala, komanso ma.

Kulengedwa kalasi konkire ayenera kukhala wotsimikiza pa siteji ya yokonza zolembedwa yomanga wa chinthu. khalidwe ichi chapatsidwa, zochokera kukana kuti ofananira psinjika mu cubes zitsanzo. Kapangidwe zofunika pomanga ali ndi ofananira kwamakokedwe mtundu wa simenti ndiye anatsimikiza pomwepo.

Zogwiritsira mphamvu konkire (yoikika ndandanda mavuto) Kodi yayitali pamene mtundu kotulukira mphamvu compressive. Koma mu nkhani ya kukula mkulu mphamvu zipangizo kwamakokedwe mphamvu liwiro. Malinga ndi zimene zikuchokera osakaniza ndi dera la ntchito, komanso wakhama kalasi mtundu mphamvu.

Zipangizo kwambiri cholimba amaonedwa ndi zopangidwa zotsatirazi:

• M50.
• M75.
• M100.

Iwo ntchito yomanga nyumba zofunika. Pamene anaimika zomangamanga ndi nyumba zofuna mkulu mphamvu konkire ntchito M300 mtundu. Koma mu kusinthika kwa screed ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la mtundu M200. Ambiri amphamvu kupanga mtundu kuyambira M500.

Kudalira kutentha akuchiritsa

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomanga, muyenera kudziwa chiwembu cha mndandanda wa mphamvu konkire pa kutentha. Monga tanena kuti mukuona zidzachitika choyamba masiku angapo pambuyo kuphatikiza njira. Koma akamaliza sitepe yoyamba adzafunika nthawi zimene yozungulira makhalidwe kutentha.

Mwachitsanzo, pamene kutentha anakhalabe pa kuzungulira 20 ° C kapena apamwamba ndi kulowa amatenga ola. ndondomeko akuyamba pa maola 2 pambuyo osakaniza zakonzedwa, ndipo Ndakwaniritsa pa 3 h. Nthawi ndi gawo akamaliza mu chithunzithunzi ozizira kudzalimbikitsa kufikira kulowa adzafunika kuposa tsiku. Pamene thermometer ndi kusungidwa pa ziro, ndondomeko akuyamba pa 6-10 maola pambuyo yokonza njira, ndipo amatenga maola 20 pambuyo akuponya.

Nkofunika kudziwa zambiri ndi kuchepetsa kukhuthala. Mu sitepe yoyamba, yankho amakhalabe makina. Nthawi imeneyi, n'zotheka kutengera kanthu makina, kupereka ankafunila mawonekedwe kamangidwe. atakhala sitepe angathe pogwiritsa ntchito njira thixotropy, wakulimbira kanthu makina pa kusakaniza. Oyambitsa wa yankho pa chosakanizira konkire amapereka kutambasuka gawo loyamba.

Kuchuluka mphamvu konkire kuwasindikiza malinga kutentha ndi nthawi

Sitata omanga ambiri ndandanda chidwi anapereka konkire mphamvu B25 ° C. Pankhaniyi, zonse zimadalira kalasi konkire ndi oipa nyengo. Ngati ntchito pamene kusakaniza Portland simenti mkati M 400 mpaka 500, kenako athe kulandira M200-300 konkire. Pambuyo tsiku pa kutentha kwa anthu ake mphamvu compressive a kalasi zikuchokera 23. Patapita masiku awiri, atatu, chithunzi ichi chidzachulukira 40 ndi 50%, motero.

5, 7 ndi 14 masiku kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kalasi ndi wofanana 65, 75 ndi 90%, motero. Ndandanda anapereka mphamvu konkire B30 ° C penapake chimasintha. Lidapita tsiku limodzi ndi mphamvu awiri adzakhala 35 ndi 55% ankalemekeza a kutentha. Patapita masiku atatu, asanu ndi aŵiri mphamvu ndi wofanana 65, 80 ndi 90%, motero. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti chitetezo zolimbana nthawi ndi wofanana ndi 50%, pamene ntchito angayambe kokha pamene mphamvu konkire wafika chilemba cha 72% wa mtengo wa chizindikiro.

Mphamvu yapadera konkire, malingana ndi mtundu: mubwereze

Mwamsanga pambuyo kuthira njira chikafika mphamvu chifukwa m'badwo kutentha, koma pambuyo kugwira madzi ndondomeko yozizira koopsa. Ngati ntchito chikuyembekezeka kuchita yozizira kapena autumn, nkofunika kuwonjezera njira ya zoletsa kuwuma kusakaniza. Pambuyo kuika simenti aluminous limatulutsa kwambiri kutentha nthawi 7 kuposa wamba Portland simenti. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti osakaniza okonzeka pa zifukwa zake adzapeza mphamvu ndi pa kutentha yafupika.

Pa liwiro la ndondomeko zimakhudza kwambiri ndi mtundu. Kusiyana ndi poyerekeza pamwamba adzakhala mphamvu yapadera. Ndandanda anapereka mphamvu konkire, mwachidule chomwe chili m'nkhani amasonyeza kuti mphamvu yapadera sukulu konkire M15 150 50%. Pakuti nyumba yopangidwa prestressed mtundu konkire ku M200 300, mtengo uwu ndi 40% kutentha. Konkire masitampu ku M400 mpaka 500 ali ndi mphamvu yapadera mkati 30%.

Kuumitsa konkire mu Pomalizira

Ndandanda anapereka mphamvu konkire (SNP 52-01-2003) si mwezi. Amalize ndondomeko ya kuchiritsa akhoza kutenga zaka zingapo. Koma mukhoza chimatanthauza chizindikiro konkire pambuyo masabata 4. Kwake kapangidwe adzakhala kum'tenga imathamanga osiyana. Kwambiri intensively ndondomeko izi atuluka mu sabata loyamba. Patapita miyezi 3, mphamvu kuwonjezeka ndi 20%, pambuyo ndondomeko mochedwa pansi, koma anasiya. Chithunzi akanakhoza pawiri mu zaka zitatu, zidzakhudza ndondomeko izi:

• nthawi;
• chinyezi;
• kutentha;
• kalasi konkire.

Nthawi zambiri, omanga novice akudabwa zimene wokacheza ndandanda anapereka mphamvu konkire angapezeke. Ngati inu muyang'ane mu GOST 18105-2010, mungaphunzire zambiri za izi. Mabuku awa akutchula kuti kutentha likukhudza Kutalika kwa ndondomekoyi. Mwachitsanzo, pa 40 ° C mpesa mtengo kukufika mkati mwa sabata. Choncho, ali osavomerezeka akachite ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Pambuyo konzekera konkire pa mabvuto yake, pakuti ichi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera ndi chisanadze yodziwa sayansi. Koma osakaniza anali usavutike oposa 90 ° C ndi zosayenela kwathunthu.

Pomaliza

Ataona ndandanda wa akuchiritsa, inu mukhoza kumvetsa kuti anamuvula kumachitika pamene mphamvu ya kapangidwe ndi oposa 50% ya mtengo wa chizindikiro. Komabe, ngati yozungulira kutentha waponya m'munsimu 10 ° C, mtengo mpesa kukufika ndipo pambuyo masabata 2. nyengo awa likuonetsera kufunika Kutentha njira chosungunula.