Saudi Arabia: Information, zambiri, makhalidwe onse. Saudi Arabia: boma

"Dziko mizikiti awiri" (Mecca ndi Medina) - zosiyana nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Saudi Arabia. Mtundu wa boma la boma - boma lachifumu mtheradi. mudziwe Geographical, mwachidule mbiri ndi mfundo za andale a Saudi Arabia chingatithandize kumvetsa ambiri zokhudza dziko lino.

mwachidule

Saudi Arabia - dziko waukulu ku Arabiya. Mu kumpoto malire ndi Iraq, Kuwait ndi Yordano kum'mawa - ndi UAE ndi Qatar, mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa - ndi Oman ndi kumwera - ndi Yemen. Ndi mwini oposa 80 peresenti ya pachilumbachi ndi zilumba zambiri ku Persian Gulf ndi Nyanja Yofiira.

Anthu oposa theka la gawo la dzikolo ndi kulamulidwa ndi chipululu Pakani 'Al Khali. Komanso, kumpoto ndi mbali ya chipululu cha Suriya, ndipo ili kum'mwera kwa An-Nafud - wina chipululu chachikulu. Plateau pakati pa dziko ndi anawoloka ndi mitsinje yambiri, nthawi zambiri adzauma m'nyengo yotentha.

Saudi Arabia ali wolemera kwambiri mu mafuta. Phindu pa malonda a "golide wakuda" boma pang'ono padera mu chitukuko cha dziko, pang'ono padera mu maiko otukuka ndi amagwiritsa ntchito ngongole mphamvu zina Arab.

Saudi Government - ndi mafumu mtheradi. Islam chimatengedwa ngati chipembedzo cha boma. Arabic ndi chinenero cha boma.

Dzina la dziko wapereka akulamulira banja lake - Saudis. Ndi likulu la Riyadh. Chiwerengero ndi anthu miliyoni 22,7, makamaka Aluya.

Mbiri oyambirira a Arabia

M'nthawi ya Zakachikwi BC pa gombe la Nyanja Yofiira kunali Mineyskoe ufumu. Ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja kum'mawa kwa Dilmun, amene ankaona andale ndi chikhalidwe chitaganya m'chigawochi.

Mu 570 panali chochitika chotsimikiziridwa tsogolo la Arabiya - Mecca anabadwa Muhammad, mneneri m'tsogolo. Ziphunzitso zake kwenikweni zinasinthiratu mbiri ya mayiko amenewa, kenako anakhudza mtundu wa boma la Saudi Arabia ndi chikhalidwe dziko.

Otsatira a mneneri, lotchedwa pokhapokhapo (pokhapokhapo), anapambana lonse la Middle East, kubweretsa Islam. Komabe, mkubwela kwa Caliphate, umene unali likulu loyambirira la Damasiko, ndipo kenako - Baghdad, mtengo wa mneneri dziko kenako kufunika kwake. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIII m'dera la Saudi Arabia ali pafupi kwathunthu pansi pa ulamuliro wa m'Aigupto, ndi zaka zina ziwiri ndi theka, m'mayiko amenewa ceded kwa Ottoman Porte.

Zikamera wa Saudi Arabia

Mu pakati pa XVII atumwi, boma Najd, yomwe linalandira ufulu wodzilamulira kuchoka ku Porte. Mu zaka za m'ma XIX unakhala likulu la Riyadh. Koma nkhondo yapachiweniweni anathyola Patapita zaka zochepa, kwachititsa chakuti chifooke dziko linagawanika pakati mphamvu oyandikana nawo.

Mu 1902, mwana wa Sheikh Opeza Dirayyah, Abdul-Aziz Ibn Saud, anatha kutenga Riyadh. Patatha zaka zinayi, pansi pa ulamuliro wake zinali pafupifupi Najd lonse. Mu 1932, kutsindika kufunika makamaka a nyumba yachifumu mu mbiri, iye mwalamulo anapereka dziko dzina la Saudi Arabia. Mawonekedwe a boma wa Board analola Saudis kukwaniritsa mphamvu zonse pa madera ake.

Kuyambira pakati pa zaka zana chatha, boma wakhala yaikulu US angakuthandizeni ndi bwenzi njira m'dera Middle East.

Saudi Arabia: boma

Constitution la State mwalamulo ananena Quran ndi Sunnah wa Mtumiki Muhammad. Komabe, boma la Saudi Arabia, mtundu wa boma ndi mfundo kumatanthauza ndi boma la Chilamulo Basic (lamulo), amene anadza mu mphamvu mu 1992.

mchitidwe umenewu muli ndi makonzedwe ponena kuti Saudi Arabia - wolamulira Chisilamu boma dongosolo la mphamvu imene - ndi monarchist. Kapangidwe boma la dziko zachokera Sharia.

Mfumu ya banja Saudi zolamulira komanso mtsogoleri wa chipembedzo ndipo akuluakulu mu ulemu wa mitundu yonse ya mphamvu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye anali mtsogoleri wamkulu wa ankhondo, ali ndi ufulu uike posts onse ofunika boma ndi asilikali, kulengeza nkhondo ndi boma la mwadzidzidzi mu dziko. Iye amatiyang'ana kwa onse lathu ndale za Islam likukwaniritsa mfundo ndi oyang'anira ntchito mfundo Shariah.

akuluakulu Public

mphamvu Executive mu chikhalidwe ndi tasonyeza ndi Bungwe la nduna. Mfumu anali tcheyamani ake, iye anali nawo mapangidwe ake ndi ziŵalo. Nizam, ovomerezedwa ndi Bungwe la nduna azibweretsa mu mphamvu ndi Royal Watsimikiza. Atumiki lotsogoleredwa ndi mautumiki ndi zogwirizana ndi madipatimenti ntchito imene ali ndi udindo kwa mfumu.

Kupatsila komanso mfumu, imene Council Advisory ndi ufulu kafukufuku. Mamembala a Bungwe ili anasonyeza maganizo awo pa Nizam asilikali anatengedwa ndi Atumiki. Wapampando wa Bungwe La Alangizi ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi mamembala ake komanso zoikidwa ndi mfumu (kwa zaka zinayi).

Pa mutu wa zamalamulo ndi Supreme Judicial Council. Za maganizo a bungwe la Mfumu chimaika ndipo amaiwala oweruza.

Saudi Arabia, mtundu wa boma ndi andale zomwe zachokera mphamvu pafupifupi mtheradi wa mfumu ndi kutamanda chipembedzo Chisilamu, mwalamulo ali okhaokha ayi malonda kapena ndale. Utumiki wa Chipembedzo chosakhala Chisilamu, amagwiritsidwa zoletsedwa.