Specific kutentha mphamvu mpweya. thupi katundu wa mankhwala

ili mumpweya amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa zamoyo kwachilengedwenso zokhala padzikoli. Koma zochita za anthu amagwirizana ndi zosiyanasiyana njira zamakono, kuzindikiridwa thunthu mu gulu mpweya zofunika mwaukadaulo. Iye chinaperekedwa kwa kukuphunzitsani mozama pa nkhani ya thupi katundu. Pa zatsopano, anthu anali kudziŵika katundu wa mlengalenga, ena mwa zizindikiro zawo ndi dependencies.

N'kovuta ntchito ndi mpweya ndi kuti chinthu sakanikira, ndipo ndi yankho la nambala yaikulu kwambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu. Koma mtundu wofanana wa mtendere wa mamembala ake ali pano.

Natural Chinsinsi mpweya zofunika (mpweya) limapangidwa akonzedwa zayamba khola la zosakaniza. Pakali pano, iwo ndi chiwerengero zotsatirazi: asafe ali peresenti 78 mpweya - 20, mpweya woipa - peresenti 0,03. The nthunzi ndipo mpweya zina ngakhale particles olimba zatenga za peresenti theka. Specific kutentha mphamvu ya mpweya chimadalira osati pa zinthu zina thupi, koma imasiyana malingana zili mkati (zikuchokera) mpweya.

Zosonkhanitsira ndi kusanthula deta pa katundu thermodynamic mpweya anathera magulu ntchito dzikoli Laboratories lalikulu. Maphunziro awa ochokera ku cha m'ma XIX ndipo mwachangu anakhalabe lero. Zotsatira zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawerengedwe a zosiyanasiyana mphamvu ndi kupatukana mpweya zomera, makina makampani mankhwala, ndi zipangizo zina.

kutentha yeniyeni ya mpweya ndi phindu kumene kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kutentha kuti ayenera anakhala kwa kilogalamu imodzi ya mpweya kusintha kutentha kwake ndi digiri imodzi (Kelvin). Popeza kudalira wa anati kale mtengo uwu zifukwa zambiri zolinga zomangamanga ndi chintchito osiyana ndi magome. Iwo mmene kutentha yeniyeni ya mpweya malingana ndi kutentha kapena chinyezi.

Pakuti kumvetsa bwino nkhani imeneyi, zatsopano inkachitikira, umene ankagwiritsa ntchito mpweya youma mwayeretsa mpweya woipa. Mu Poyamba anatsimikiza ndi kutentha winawake pa sanasiye kutiuza (cp), wachiwiri pa buku zonse (CV) ndi ofanana zikuonetsa thermometer. N'zochititsa chidwi pa 0 ° CP phindu anali 0,2402 cal / g · deg, ndi CV ya mpweya chomwecho - 0,1713 cal / g · deg. The chiŵerengero cha makhalidwe amenewa amapereka zotsatirazi thermodynamic chizindikiro, chimene chiri chofunika mu yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe.

Kudziwa mpweya nthawi zonse (R) kuwerengera kusiyana mpweya yeniyeni heats akuphunziridwa pa sanasiye kutiuza (cp) ndi pa buku zonse (CV). Tanthauzo thupi la mtengo uwu ndi kudziwa ntchito yowonjezera Mwachitsanzo, munthu kilogalamu ya mpweya (mpweya) ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha kwake ndi digiri imodzi (Kelvin).

Mu zatsopano yapita tinaphunzira thupi katundu wa mpweya youma. Kunena zoona m'pofunika kuganizira kuchuluka nthunzi mmenemo (chinyezi). kutentha zenizeni za mlengalenga munali kuchuluka kwa madzi (nthunzi) ali chidakwa ndipo chitsanzo chake kusintha.

mpweya lonyowa wakhala mutu wa malangizo kafukufuku thupi, chifukwa zili nthunzi mu izo ziri ndi mbali yaikulu angapo njira ngakhalenso mankhwala. Zamoyo yotero. kusintha chinyezi Kuwonjezera bwanji zinthu microclimate wa malo (udindo, kukambirana, Laboratories), komanso ndi mbali yaikulu pa dzuwa ndodo, chitetezo angapo a zinthu, ndipo ngakhale kugwira ntchito zina zipangizo.

Osati nkhani yofotokoza zochitika zenizeni, komanso kufufuza njira zosiyanasiyana yolimbikitsira katundu wa mpweya ndi nkhani ya kafukufuku. Iwo ndi yofunika waukulu zosiyanasiyana za ntchito anthu, kuyambira makampani mankhwala, kuti kumanga malo zogona.