The Mwambi wa upainiya. A umenewu kuchita upainiya. Vladimir Lenin Onse-Union Waupainiya Organization

"Khalani okonzeka!" Yankho limeneli - "Wokonzeka" - mawu awa ali kwa anthu okalamba, ubwana umene unachitikira ku Soviet Union, bwino ndiponso yomveka. Ndi mu Baibulo adzafupikitsidwa adawomba apainiya Mwambi.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Maziko mapangidwe apainiya anali kale mu Russia Scout kayendedwe, anapanga patsogolo ulimi (1917), cholinga chimene anali kugwirizanitsa achinyamata ndi maphunziro kwa nzika woyenera ndi udindo.

Paziyangoyango za mabungwe ana anali pafupifupi 50,000 linzake. Pa Civil nkhondo, iwo analenga "ankhondo unyamata" mayunitsi, amene anathandiza kufufuza ana msewu. M'gululi komanso apeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thandizo kwa anthu.

Mu kufanana ndi Scout makolo mu dziko njira yatsopano: "JC" (Young Chikomyunizimu) - m'gululi amene ankafuna kuphatikiza maziko a gululi ndi malingaliro chikominisi. Komabe, latsopano achinyamata maphunziro - Komsomol - kuyang'ana scouting otsutsa, anaganiza kuchotsa izo. Pa msonkhano wa Komsomol (1919) "JC" mlandu chakuti funso maphunziro chikominisi cha ana amene ali oyenera yokhala okha, koma kwenikweni kulimbikitsa "bourgeois Scout." Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anaganiza disband mayunitsi onse alipo.

Creation wa Onse-Union Waupainiya Organization

Komabe, posakhalitsa funso wa chilengedwe cha bungwe achikominisiti ana amayenera kubwerera. Zinachitika kulankhula pa Bureau wotsatira wa Komiti Central, Komsomol mkazi V. I. Lenina - N. Krupskaya. Ndi mpofunikila kuganizira atsogoleri Komsomol kupanga m'dera ana, kuphatikizapo Scout mawonekedwe ndi okhutira chikominisi.

Mu nthawi yochepa ntchito unakhazikitsidwa, amene m'gulu Innokentiya Zhukova, m'mbuyomu kuchita "Russian Scout" udindo wa utsogoleri mu anthu. Zinali iye amene anena kuti anthu a m'gulu la ana latsopano yaitanidwa "apainiya".

Apainiyawo anali kuvala taye ofiira ndi bulauzi woyera (m'gululi onse obiriwira). The Mwambi "Khalani okonzeka!" - "Wokonzeka!" Limanenanso anaitenga ku linzake lapansi. Komanso, bungwe Waupainiya anapitiriza chibadidwe Scout: masewera a mtundu maphunziro, gulu la asilikali, lotsogoledwa ndi aphungu, komanso ngati malipiro ndi moto. Lily ndi pamakhala zitatu za pa linzake chizindikiro, apainiya n'kuyamba malawi atatu.

Kuyambira 1922 ku maiko onse kuchokera m'midzi kuti m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndipo bungwe mu mphamvu upainiya. Ndipo mu October, wachisanu Congress ya Komsomol analamula kuphatikiza iwo onse mu gulu limodzi chikominisi ana, n'kumanena kuti ndi tsiku "Young Apainiya. Spartacus. " Komabe, pambuyo pa imfa ya "mtsogoleri wa proletariat" (1924) anali kupereka dzina la Lenin. Ndipo mu March 1926 inali yololedwa dzina lake Apainiya - Vladimir Lenin Onse-Union Waupainiya Organization.

Kapangidwe ka upainiya mu USSR

Vladimir Lenin Onse-Union Waupainiya Organization ndi bungwe la dziko, dera, zigawo, mzinda ndi chigawo mayunitsi, zomwe ndi zochokera kumuwombera lapansi.

Squads zinalengedwa mwachindunji mu masukulu, nyumba ana ndi sukulu yogonera komweko. Ngati anakopa anthu oposa makumi awiri, iwo saloledwa kugawanitsa m'magulu, monga gawo limene ayenera kuti apainiya osachepera atatu. Pachikhalidwe, magulu zinalengedwa kwa ana a zaka zofanana, kuchotserapo analola kuti m'misasa upainiya ndi ana amasiye.

Mayunitsi amene anatengedwa ndi anthu fifitini, ogaŵikana mayunitsi, mutu wa amene anaikidwa wotsogolera gulu, osankhidwa pa msonkhano onse.

Kwenikweni squads chomwecho ophatikizana apainiya a sukulu (masukulu, sukulu yogonera komweko, nyumba ana), ndi mayunitsi, motero - kalasi yomweyo.

zaluso 80

Mu Mipingo, ndi dongosolo la Apainiya Soviet Union zasintha pang'ono. Anali apainiya achikulire - akulumikiza chisanadze inalowa kwa Komsomol. Iwo ankavala baji wapadera, zomwe panafika anthu a Komsomol. Komanso, iwo saloledwa kuvala taye mmalo mwa mpainiya "wamkulu".

Buku gulu

Control Union Waupainiya gulu ikuchitika YCL (YCL) amene lipoti mwachindunji Komiti. Chiwembu yomweyi pogwiritsa kasamalidwe ena m'madipatimenti "Young Leninists '(sukulu, ana amasiye, yogonera komweko masukulu). Onse mpando, ziwanga ndi alembi Apainiya nsonga kwa chapakati distilikiti, wovomerezeka pa magawo plenary wa zogwirizana Komsomol.

makomiti YCL kukonzekera magulu upainiya aphungu okalamba, akuchita asilikali awo ndiponso maphunziro komanso kuchita zina patsogolo luso lawo.

boma Apainiya

Aliyense kumuwombera, detachment kapena oloza anali bungwe yake thupi, wotchedwa deta. Amalipiritsa ntchito wagawo zikuphatikizapo kuvomereza kwa ofuna upainiya. Iye analimbikitsanso kwambiri woyenera "Young Leninists" kuganizira m'gulu la Young League Communist. Ngakhale pamapeto pake, Young League Communist anagwirizana pafupifupi onse mamembala a bungwe, monga mwa nthawi ya Soviet, bwino ntchito m'tsogolo popanda mutu wa "Komsomolets" kumanga zinali zovuta kwambiri.

Koma mabungwe akuluakulu Waupainiya, kuyambira dera ndi kutha Union, ndiye pali mtundu wa wodzilamulira ndi otchedwa mpainiya misonkhano. Komabe, iwo anali oti kokha nthawi. Choncho, Republican ndi msonkhano onse-Union zinachitika kamodzi mu zaka zisanu, mzinda ndi chigawo - zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.

Kodi kutenga Apainiya

Apainiya akhoza mwaufulu limodzi ndi ana, achikulire pakati pa zaka 9 ndi 14 kuphatikiza. Kukhala yokwanira bwino - zaufulu-yaukapolo.

Asanakhale membala wa bungwe Waupainiya, phungu zapita maphunziro ena. Iye anadziwa mbiri yake, zochita za apainiya, ngwazi, anachita pa nkhondo ndi Germany, oloweza pamtima, "analonjeza kuchita upainiya." Komanso, iye anafotokoza kufunika kwa khalidwe chosiyana.

Monga ulamuliro, tsiku la chisankho chotsatira ya gulu anabweretsa pansi maholide aliyense chikominisi. Iwo akuchita ntchito mu chikondwerero m'mlengalenga. Koma phwando koyamba payekha kupyolera voti pa wagawo msonkhano kapena kumuwombera, amene amaweruza kufunitsitsa ofuna 'kunyamula mutu wa "mpainiya". Zinali ngati mtundu wa mayeso. Atayendetsa mayeso ino, Leninist tsogolo ali kwenikweni kukhala mpainiya, koma atavala mpainiya mafano ndi tayi wofiira akanakhoza pokhapokha chikondwerero awarding iwo. Iwo unachitikira pa mzere wamba. "The polonjeza mpainiya" Pamenepo iye anapereka.

Mwachidule, ndondomeko inalowa unali wautali kwambiri ndipo mokwanira. Choncho, aliyense amene wakhala mu izo, moyo kukumbukira, analandira mu Apainiya.

Tinalonjeza ndi malamulo Apainiya

Pamaso m'gulu la bungwe womangidwa wofiira Waupainiya tayi, iye ankafunika kuti amange onse (mzere pa sukulu, sukulu yogonera komweko, ndi zina zotero. D.) A umenewu, limene anapatsidwa kudzipereka kutumikira chifukwa cha Party Communist, kukonda Mama ndi kulemekeza malamulo a Apainiya.

maziko awo chinaikidwa zonse zabwino kuti dziko mukufuna kuona achinyamata: kufuna kuteteza kwawo adani, nkhondo mtendere, yesetsani kukhala membala wa Komsomol ndi kukhala chitsanzo kwa ana (October). Komanso, yesetsani kukhala bwenzi labwino, kulemekeza akulu, ndipo, ndithudi, kutenga nawo mbali mu moyo wa bungwe upainiya.

Monga amadziwika, dongosolo Soviet anali ndi udindo lenileni la kafalitsidwe Unyinji wa chikominisi. Songs, posters, mbendera, mawu pa nthawi zinali iliyonse. Apainiya sakanakhoza kukhala kutali: apainiya Mwambi omveka chitsanzo cha zimenezi. Pamene iye anamuukitsa katchulidwe ka achinyamata Leninist wopindidwa pa chigongono kwa mutu, kupereka otchedwa "mpainiya sawatcha," kenako chinadzakhala wamba chosonyeza moni kwa mamembala a bungwe mangawawo.

The Mwambi apainiya

Mpainiya Mwambi inali ndi zigawo ziwiri: kuitana ndi ayankhe.

Kuitanidwa adawomba motere: "Mpainiya kumenya nkhondo chifukwa cha Party Communist la Soviet Union, khalani okonzeka," Ndiyeno yankho anatsatira: ". Nthawi zonse Okonzeka" Koma mu Baibulo zonse lemba la timati yekha pa zikondwerero kapena misonkhano ambiri kapena misonkhano. Tsiku ndi tsiku, Mwambi wa linkatchulidwa mu Baibulo abridged, "Khalani wokonzeka!" - "Wokonzeka!".

Upainiya mawonekedwe, ikuimira ndi zinthu

Traditional upainiya mawonekedwe chinachitikira ndi sukuluyi, koma ndithu yothandizana chikale zizindikiro - tayi wofiira kwambiri ndi upainiya mafano. Kutenga mbali zikondwerero pa mutu atavala wofiira forage kapu.

Aliyense kumuwombera anali yake "Mpainiya Malo," anapatsidwanso udindo wapadera kusunga makhalidwe: kusamala mbendera, nyanga (a mphepo chida), ng'oma, mbendera, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito kutsegula ndi miyambo kutseka ndi zochitika zofunika kwapakati.

Chabwino, monga ku Soviet Union, malo apadera anapatsidwa chilango, ndipo achinyamata waphunzira AMABWERA mapangidwe monga ku sukulu ya mkaka, mabungwe mpainiya chikutanthauza ngakhale miyambo yake. Chaka Pamagulu anapangidwa "uyang'ane pansi ndi Song". Iwo loweruza imawunikidwa kubowola, upainiya mawu, werengani pa ndimeyi, ndi mmene mwamtendere ndi mogwirizana anaphedwa akuguba nyimbo.

Mwachidule, ngati ife sititenga za makhalidwe ndale, mabungwe mpainiya mbali yofunika kwambiri polera ana. Kwenikweni chirichonse kuchokera apainiya a Mwambi ndi kutsiriza ndi mawonekedwe a zovala, customizable achinyamata pa kudziletsa ndi kudzikonda kusintha, komanso kulemekeza akulu ndi chikondi kwa dziko. Mwachidule, iye anali mpainiya ana onse Soviet chitsanzo.