Kuwonjezera kugula mu sitolo, palibe njira ina azikongoletsa maluwa wanu munda zomera okwera mtengo kwambiri monga maluwa - kubalana. Photo ena mungachite kuti kupeza maluwa wina wa kale kuthandiza inu ntchito chiphunzitso kuchita.
Njira kubalana ndi maluwa angapo. Ambiri, iwo anawagawa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu - zobereka (mbewu) ndi vegetative (mbewu gawo) njira. Zobereka - ovuta kwambiri kugwiritsa kunyumba. Vegetative ndondomeko akhoza ankaimira meristem chulutsa (Chigawo rhizomes, mababu jigging) kapena nthambi kuwonekera laterals (ana). Kuti tipeze momwe zimafalitsidwa maluwa kuti muli, choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti zimene muli ndi maluwa. Maluwa Sympodial - Cattleya (zosiyanasiyana wosakanizidwa), Dendrobium (kuphatikizapo hybrids ndi Phalenopsis - dendrobium, phalaenopsis) akhoza akamagwira kugawa pomwepo kenaka kapena babu jigging. zimafalitsidwa chabe ndi lycaste, ndiponso maluwa odontotsidiumnoy gulu (Oncidium, Milton, Cumbria, odontoglossum, degamoary, beallary) ndi maluwa wapatali. Maluwa monopodially gulu (Phalaenopsis, Vanda ascocenda, schoenorchis ndi askonopsisy) sangathe zimafalitsidwa ndi kugawa rhizomes, ngati ziri chabe kuti iwo alibe. Iwo kukonzekera, kapena mbewu, kapena wopeza. Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane njira zosavuta kafalitsidwe vegetative.
kubalana meristem
Ndi rhizomes onse kugawa wachulukitsa maluwa, chithunzi chikusonyeza bwino. Kudula ndi lakuthwa mpeni pomwepo kenaka Cattleya, muyenera kupereka magawo wouma. Ndiye, kuchitira lotseguka "mabala" makala, mukhoza kudzala chitsamba Cattleya anagawa malinga ndi miphika osiyana. Orchid chomera (aliyense) ndi zofunika kuti gawo la phesi (pa Cattleya - ndi pomwepo kenaka, Phalaenopsis kuti - ndi khomo pachibelekeropo, pa odotontsidiumnyh - izo Donets mababu), umene mizu kupita, sanali m'manda mu nthaka. Apo ayi, inu mosavuta kuphonya chiyambi cha oipa mbali yofunikayi ya mbewu. Pofuna kugawa Cattleya mng'oma kapena lycaste, m'pofunika kuti theka lililonse lili osachepera 3-4 mababu. Apo ayi maluwa akhala kudikira.
Ndi laterals onse mafunsidwe wachulukitsa maluwa, izo zikufotokozedwa mu chithunzichi. Nthawi zambiri, m'njira - pasynkovanie - zimafalitsidwa Phalaenopsis. Kids akhoza kuoneka osati pa kukwera, komanso kupanga pa khosi - monga padziko mizu, ndi pakati pa masamba. Kumene, mu Zikatero izo uyikidwa okha stepson, amene anaonekera pa mizu, ndipo chitakhazikitsidwa kale. Kupanda kutero, inu sadzawononga mbewu mayi. Chinthu chovuta kugwiritsa ntchito njira kubalana - ndi kukakamiza uzitsine Phalaenopsis (Bwerani mwana). Kawirikawiri, ndi phalaenopsis kuyamba kupereka ana tsinde (khosi), ngati afa mfundo kukula, m'katikati mwa mbewu. Kupanga phalaenopsis kupereka Khanda kukwera motere:
- kuchotsa feteleza zigawo phosphorous-potaziyamu, ndi kudyetsa okha feteleza asafe;
- kupaka masamba moyo pa phesi cytokinin phala. Khanda anaonekera zotheka kuti kudzoza kornevinom kapena IAA mapangidwe mofulumira mizu. Pamene mizu ya zomera akhanda anafika 5-6 cm, stepson ndi kagawo ya duwa phesi kudula ndi mwaukhondo kuika mu yaing'ono mphika bwino. makapu pulasitiki a 200 ml kapena 500 chiliri.
Ena phalaenopsis chabwino stepson okha - popanda kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso pamwamba. Ena sangathe kukakamizidwa "kubereka" ana, kuika ichi khama n'kotheka. Ngati inu kukumana ndi "buku mwakhama" ngati njira zobereka kuyesera mbewu kubalana.
mbewu kafalitsidwe
Kodi zimafalitsidwa mbewu maluwa? Yankho lake ndi losavuta: zovuta kunyumba. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito imeneyi - sterility. Ngati ndinu tcheru munthu, kapena dokotala amene anali kusunga sterility, mungayesere. Mu njira imeneyi, mbewu maluwa (akuimira ufa wosalala) anaikidwa mu wosabala chikhalidwe sing'anga, ndi Gawo amene ali madzi, Hagara-Hagara, ndipo tifufuza zinthu. mbewu zomera asanadzalemo mu sing'anga chikhalidwe kuyenela chosawilitsidwa. Onse ndondomeko kubzala ayenera kutenga malo chayekha - izo zikhoza kuchitidwa pa boti zamoyo ting'onoting'ono akuyandama mu mlengalenga, sanalandira pamodzi ndi mbewu mu botolo, amene ndidzathyola eggshell ndi kukula maluwa akhanda. Gwirani muli ndi mbande chiyenera kuunikiridwa maola 12-14 tsiku -, motero, kukhala zapadera kuyatsa nyali. A chaka chodzala mbande yaing'ono anasamutsidwa ndi pothetsa wosabala, adakali kuwapatsa zinthu hothouse. Ukufalikira maluwa panopa ku mbewu za 4-5 zaka.