Tulips. Zosiyanasiyana tulips: dzina ndi kufotokozera

Tulips amadziwa zonse. Chinthu choyamba chimene amagwirizana ndi mitundu awa - Netherlands. Ndikulingalira uyu si malo a mitundu, koma anali kumeneko anamanga kusankha kwawo ndi pafupifupi luso. Chiwerengero cha mitundu kuposa chizindikiro cha zikwi ziwiri. Kodi hybrids yekha samapezeka minda yathu ndi masitolo maluwa. Ena ofanana ndi mbalame otentha, ena a nyenyezi zodabwitsa adzaonetsa ndi chipolowe cha mitundu: woyera ndi pinki, wakuda ndi wolemera wofiirira. Kuti tulips sangathe kukhala opanda chidwi, iwo agwa m'chikondi ndi kuwonana koyamba.

gulu la tulips

Fans wa zomera bulbous bwino yosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha mitundu ya tulips ipitirirabe mobwereza n'zosadabwitsa kuti panthawi ina muyenera gulu lawo.

Ulendo woyamba kugawana mitundu yonse ya magulu ndi zinthu wamba anapangidwa kumbuyo mu 1913 ku Netherlands ndi UK, koma ntchitoyi inamalizidwa yekha mu 1929. Ngakhale kuti chatha, kungakhale kulakwa, chifukwa lero amakhala ndi kaundula lonse, womwenso apamwamba tulip. Zosiyanasiyana tulips kuti ndi akale, kuletsedwa, ndi kukhala ndi moyo watsopano anawonjezera kuti kusankha. Tsopano m'kaundula m'gulu 2500 mitundu, koma m'chilengedwe pali zoposa zikwi khumi.

Malinga ndi gulu la makono, panopa allocated 15 tulips makalasi. Nawonso, yagawidwa magulu akuluakulu anayi: oyambirira-maluwa, srednetsvetuschie, late-, mitundu tulips ndi hybrids yakeyo (kuphatikizapo mitundu zonse zakutchire ndi mitundu amene ali mbadwa iwo).

Makalasi awiri oyamba monga magulu: yosavuta Terry. The chachiwiri: m'chigonjetso tulips ndi Darwin hybrids. Gulu lachitatu: liliales, thonje, zelenotsvetnye, Chingolopiyo, momveka ndi Terry kenako, Rembrandt tulips. Lachinayi: tulips Kaufman, Greig, juga mitundu ina ndi hybrids. Tiyeni akukhala mwatsatanetsatane pa lililonse kalasi.

tulips oyambirira yosavuta

Zosiyanasiyana tulips mu gulu lino kuyambira m'ma 17. Iwo sredneroslye, wamphamvu kwambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi mphepo ndi nyengo. Chinthu chapadera, zomwe zimabweretsa pamodzi mitundu yonse ya gulu limodzi - ndi magawo oyambirira a maluwa (mochedwa April). maluwa ndi chikho mphako kapena mawonekedwe cupped ndi kukula kwa 6-7 cm. Mtundu wa pamakhala nthawi zambiri mu yachikasu ndiponso yofiira mtundu chiwembu, koma maluwa angakhale woyera. Pakuti mdulidwe, iwo sali oyenera chifukwa cha kukula ang'onoang'ono.

Ena mitundu amalimidwa zikutsatiridwa m'zaka za m'ma 17, mwachitsanzo, Kayzerkrone. Posachedwapa, kalasi zinaphatikizapo ndi tulips nyenyezi yaing'ono. kalasi mitundu Dutch zatenga minda si lalikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 8% ya kulemera okwana. Imodzi yabwino kunyumba imatengedwa Purpl Prince, wosakanizidwa zidzasintha ndi mitundu yowala ndi maluwa lalikulu. The mitundu otchuka nawonso: Khirisimasi Dream, Kendi Prins, Mikki Maus, Daimondi Star ndi ena.

Kumayambiriro tulips awiri

Kumayambiriro tulips awiri, mitundu amene amagwiritsidwa kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 17, otchuka ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha maluwa oyambirira yowala ndi wansangala mtundu. Kumwamba ali tating'ono kwambiri (20-30 cm), koma ndi maluwa lalikulu amene ali kutsegula zonse kungakhale kwa masentimita 8 m'mimba mwake ndipo ndi yaitali maluwa.

Zobiriwira Terry cupped maluwa - ndi zotsatira za perianth awiri. Ngati wamba tulip pamakhala sikisi, anthu a kalasi iyi, izo kawiri. The mitundu horticultural deta si makamaka wotchuka ndi nthawi zambiri wamkulu monga chomera mphika kapena distillation.

Gulu lachiwiri ukufanizidwa ndi makalasi awiri - kupambana, tulips ndi Darwin hybrids.

hybrids Darwin

Mu kalasi osiyana zimphona izi kuzindikiridwa yekha mu 1960. Izi ndi lalikulu kwambiri (60-80 masentimita kutalika) tulips. Zosiyanasiyana tulips mu kalasi ndi zinthu zambiri, iwo ndi kugonjetsedwa frosts masika, ndi medley HIV ndipo anasunga mwangwiro mu mawonekedwe a odulidwa.

Yambani pachimake kumayambiriro May. Large maluwa muyeso njira zambiri ndi mtundu wofiira (padali streaked ndi hybrids) ndipo amakula 10 cm, umene uli osangalatsa kuonetsetsa pakati pa mitundu ina. Izo ntchito monga mbewu horticultural ndi kukakamiza.

chigonjetso tulips

Maphunziro oimira anachotsedwa mu zaka za m'ma 20, ntchito kudutsa hybrids Darwin ndi losavuta tulips oyambirira. Mayeso yodziwika ndi maluwa lalikulu muyeso, zimayambira, mpaka masentimita 70. Pakuti hybrids yodziwika ndi zosiyanasiyana mtundu woyera mithunzi wofiirira zimalimbikitsa.

Maluwa kumayambira mochedwa April ndipo nthawi zambiri akupitiriza mpaka m'ma May. Izi panopa ochuluka kuposa ndi ambiri kalasi (25% ya zamoyo zonse). Wangwiro kuswana munda, kudula ndi kukakamiza ndi kukhala mtengo mkulu kubalana. Popular mitundu monga Golden Melody, Antarctica (zoyera), Mata Hari, Ile de France, Don Quixote, ndi ena.

Gulu lachitatu zikuphatikizapo mochedwa-hybrids, iwo ali m'magulu ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa.

Mochedwa yosavuta Terry tulips

Achibale awo oyambirira zomera za makalasi ziwiri izi kusiyana ndi wokulirapo (50-70 masentimita kutalika kwa peduncle) ndi maluwa nthawi mochedwa (m'ma May). Zambiri tulips ndi mawonekedwe muyeso ndi pansi lonse ndi yosamveka-inatha pamakhala. Pali flowered hybrids, pamene pa peduncle wina akufotokozera masamba angapo. Wangwiro kudula ndi bouquets.

Mochedwa amasankha tulips Terry Peony- nayenso anaitana mawonekedwe awo, amene amawapatsa kusakhazikika, chifukwa cha ichi, iwo sangaime mphepo ndi mvula. makalasi onse ali bwino zimafalitsidwa vegetatively. Mtundu wa maluwa ndi yosiyanasiyana, akhoza kukhala zoyera kapena pafupifupi wakuda, pinki kapena wofiirira, palinso ziwiri mtundu mitundu.

Zelenotsvetnye tulips

Mu kalasi osiyana, iwo anali kudziŵika atangomwalira - mu 1981, tingakhulupirire kuti izi ndi mitundu atsopano a tulips. chikhalidwe chawo kwagona kuti pamakhala kumbuyo nawobe mtundu wobiriwira mu nthawi maluwa, motsutsana ndi mitundu chonse yowala (woyera, wachikasu, wofiira, pinki, wofiirira mithunzi) zikuwoneka chidwi kwambiri.

Miyeso ya peduncle kungakhale zolimbitsa masamba mkulu, ndi lopapatiza kukula maluwa osiyanasiyana masentimita 7 ukufalikira mochedwa, mu m'ma May., Zooneka bwino ndiponso otchuka kwambiri bouquets, komanso kakwamba gulu. M'pofunikanso powasamalira mitundu monga: Sprin Green, chinatown, Golden Artist.

tulips mphonje

Ndi chomera wokongola kwambiri. maluwa Large pa phesi yaitali (80 cm) ndi mphako magalasi. Koma wamkulu kukongoletsa mtengo ndi pamakhala, m'mbali mwa amene indentation chitsanzo, ngati chisanu pa kuzizira ozizira, masingano ting'onoting'ono kulenga kuona weightlessness ndi fragility la duwa. ziwembu mtundu zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zina kunyalanyaza ogulitsa kuyesera kugulitsa otsika khalidwe mankhwala, kupereka monga zosiyanasiyana pachiyambi, kotero muyenera kudziwa kuti asamangokhala wakuda tulips fringed.

Mayeso analandira zochokera hybrids Darwin kusankha kapena mitundu mochedwa, ali bwino anapitiriza mu mawonekedwe truncated. Choyamba mphonje tulip anali wachikulire mu 1930, monga gulu la osiyana PEZANI yekha mu 1981. Mayeso: Cambridge, Mon Amour, Flamenco, Mascotte ndi ena.

liliales tulips

Maphunziro dzina odziwikiratu, tulip maluwa zooneka ngati duwa, makamaka pamene anafotokoza kwathunthu mu nyengo dzuwa. . Iwo sredneroslye hybrids kutalika 50-60 masentimita limamasula mochedwa - m'ma May. Obereketsa ntchito pa iwo nthawi yaitali kuyambira zaka za m'ma 16, kotero mitundu zatsopano za tulips ndi osiyana yoyamba, pachiyambi. wotchuka kwambiri ndi wokongola hybrids zotsatirazi: The Ballad wa Gold (onani chithunzi) ndi White, West Point, Jacqueline, mkazi wokongola.

Parrot tulips: kalasi kufotokoza

Chimodzi mwa hybrids ambiri odabwitsa komanso zokongola mwa maluwa ano. Kwenikweni izo sredneroslye kalasi, koma ndi maluwa lalikulu kukula kwa masentimita 12 m'mimba mwake, ndi Kuwulura zonse. Amadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo anakhulupirira anaonekera chifukwa cha chibadwa kusintha mitundu wamba, ndipo palibe kusankha yapadera.

M'zaka za m'ma 17 ku France anali woyamba aona kuzindikiridwa Chingolopiyo tulips. mitundu Dutch anadziwika pokhapokha zaka zana. Mbali khalidwe ndi duwa pamakhala amene ali osasamba wavy m'mphepete, chokhala nthenga mbalame ndi mitundu yowala, ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa kusankha dzina la gulu lonse. Iwo ali ngati Zinkhwe disheveled, kubisala greenery ya m'munda. Mukukonda malo windless ndipo mwangwiro pamodzi ndi anthu ena a mabedi duwa, mosavuta ndipo mwamsanga kubereka mwana mababu. Parrot tulip mitundu: Black Perrot, Rococo, Super Perrot, Fleming.

Rembrandt tulips

A kalasi ochepa, kaphatikizidwe ndi tulips onse variegated. Maluwa lalikulu kwambiri - 7-10 masentimita kutalika, muyeso ndi kuvala, madigiri zosiyanasiyana variegation. Mawanga kapena milozo pa yowala chikasu, ofiira kapena oyera - kuti ndi mbali yaikulu, chifukwa cha chibadwa, osati HIV. Iwo pachimake mu kasupe mochedwa, mu theka lachiwiri la May. Zosiyanasiyana: ndi Mona Lisa, Yunion Dzhek, ndi Orange Bowl, Mfumukazi Irene (onani chithunzi), Kalonga wa Carnival, Sorbet, malawi Olympic, ndi ena.

tulips wa Kaufmann

Izi oyambirira-maluwa ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono hybrids pachimake m'katikati mwa April. gulu ili mulinso mitundu umatulutsa ankawoloka tulip Kaufman ndi mitundu ina. Amphamvu ndi otsika (15-25 cm), koma ndi maluwa lalikulu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana (mtundu umodzi kapena zambiri zokongola). Ntchito yabwino awo minda thanthwe ndi rockeries.

Ndi zonse tulips Kuwulura Kaufman ngati zisanu zisonga nyenyezi yowala, mu kakwamba gulu imangokhala pamaso chidwi. Ndi pamene sakutchula dzina la mitundu ya tulips Kaufman ofunika: Dzhuzeppe Verdi (chithunzi), Iogann Shtraus, Shakespeare. Music ndi chikondi maina zogwirizana ndi wosakhwima mitundu kunja.

tulips oterewa

Tulips oterewa analandira dzina lake polemekeza Professor. Iwo amakhala akuluakulu kuposa mu kalasi m'mbuyomu. Kutalika kwa kuwonjezeka kukwera kwa 30-50 cm, ndi 1/3 (15 cm), izi Mphukira kudzikonda. Tulip maluwa mtundu oterewa chikho woboola pakati kapena kapu zooneka ndi kudutsana zosavuta, ngati chiuno. Mtundu yowala lalanje-wofiira mtundu chiwembu. Koma pali mitundu ya woyera tulips oterewa. Kuthengo iwo kukula kokha ku Central Asia.

tulips Greig

Tulips Greig - si eni maluwa lalikulu wamataya, komanso masamba kukongoletsa kwambiri. Large ndi wobiriwira, iwo ataphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima kotenga wofiirira, wofiira, zofiirira. maluwa okongola kwambiri mawonekedwe, mitundu yambiri chokhala ndi hourglass osati galasi, tapering kwinakwake pakati, ngati ali m'chiuno a.

pamakhala wosongoka, monga maluwa apangidwe pambali. Mtundu kungakhale monochrome kapena awiri mtundu. Mtundu phale wakufayo: mkaka ndi mithunzi yowala chofiira. Pachimake tulip Greig, kawirikawiri kumapeto April kapena oyambirira May.

Kalasi kukula sing'anga (20-30 cm) zikuwoneka zabwino kakwamba gulu pa Alpine mapiri kapena pamodzi malire, oyenera odulidwa maluwa bouquets. The mitundu yabwino tulips Greig: Giant Perrot, Wamkulu, Sharmant Mfumukazi, Peter King (onani chithunzi), Oriental, wokondeka Ndinadabwa.

mitundu Wild wa tulips

Aliyense akudziwa kuti tulip dzina amachokera ku mawu Persian «toliban», kutanthauza nduwira nduwira kapena (chisoti). Malo tulips ndipo wina akhoza kunena, likulu la speciation awo, ndithudi, ndi Central Asia. M'chipululu zigwa Spring kusandulika kupitirira kuzindikira, yokutidwa ndi nsalu ya muofesiyo yowala zamaluwa. Zinali kuchokera kumeneko Zafalikira makontinenti tsopano akule bwino m'madera phiri Ulaya, Caucasus, ndi mitundu yambiri kukula ngakhale mu Africa.

tulips Wild pachimake oyambirira (mu April), nthawi zambiri kungokhala pamodzimodzi ndi kukhala maluwa ang'onoang'ono, pali mitundu flowered. Chifukwa miniaturization ake, kwangokhala irreplaceable mu rockeries ndi zithunzi ya m'mapiri. Iwo adzayang'ana kwambiri m'munda pakati pa mitengo.

History of kulima tulips inayambira East wakale, kumene iwo anali ndi zofunika kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha Seljuks, ndiyeno Ottoman, kumene iwo ankatengedwa chizindikiro cha bata ndi mtendere.

Mu Ulaya, duwa anaonekera ndi posachedwapa, ndi tulips woyamba anakwiriridwa mu 1530 ku Portugal. Ndipo pambuyo oposa zana iwo anagonjetsa Holland, kumene anakhala mwina kwambiri ankakonda munda maluwa. Tsopano mu Netherlands pali ngakhale Royal Society zomera bulbous. Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi kusankha tulips Dutch alibe wolingana, ambiri a mitundu anakhoma kumeneko. Komanso, ndi katundu zikuluzikulu msika lonse la kumodzi zimenezi, koma mababu wapatali.

Ngati mukufuna kulenga chithunzi wapadera mu munda wanu, ndiye inu kukhala tulips. Zosiyanasiyana tulips kusankha osiyanasiyana, pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi amodzi m'malo wina, kupanga mtsinje mosalekeza a mitundu yowala. mabedi Chachikulu ali oyenera kuphatikiza, ndi iwo amene anabzala ang'onoang'ono Alpine mapiri ndi kuzungulira mitengo chipatso m'munda. Mutha kupanga lokhala ndi mtundu pamanja kapena zithunzi za mithunzi osiyana mitundu!