Kizhi: momwe mungapitire kumeneko. Kizhi, Valaam: maulendo. Pa sitima ku Kizhi

Kukongola kwa kumpoto kwa Karelia, kukumbukitsa mitengo yosatha, kumasiya zosaiŵalika kwa moyo wonse wa onse omwe adayendera dziko ili lodabwitsa ndi lamatsenga. Musakhalebe osamala ndi zipilala zapadera zojambula zakale, zomwe zinasiyidwa mibadwo yakale ya dziko lovuta. Zina mwa izo, chilumba chozizwitsa chenicheni cha Kizhi chikuonekera. Kodi mungatani kuti mufike ku "nthano yosayerekezeka ya pakhomo"?

"Zaonezhskaya Hellas"

Kusambira ku Kizhi kumaphatikizidwa mu njira za maulendo okwera mtsinje, nthawi zonse kudutsa Nyanja ya Onega. Malo ake, pamodzi ndi zilumba za kutalika kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndi makilomita 9,930 kilomita. Km. Ngale ya Zaonezhye imayang'aniridwa bwino ndi malo a Kizhi. Anthu oyendayenda omwe anali ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kwambiri a zilumba zamakono za Onega skerries ankatchedwa "Zaonezhskaya Hellas". Dera lake laling'ono limakuthandizani kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe zimapezeka m'madera a Karelia, zipilala zosangalatsa zachilengedwe, mbiri ndi zomangamanga. Malo odabwitsa awa ndi chozizwitsa chenicheni cha zomangamanga - zovuta zomangamanga, zomwe zimadziwika kutali kwambiri.

Mbiri ya chilumba cha Kizhi

Chilumbachi chili ndi mbiri yakale. Kunali pano komwe midzi yoyamba kuzilumba zinayambira. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa Kizhi Pogost, kulumikizana midzi ingapo, kunapezedwa ndi asayansi m'buku la 1582-1583. M'zaka za m'ma 1600 chilumbachi chinakhala pakati pa Spassky Pogost, yomwe inali ndi midzi 130. Mawu akuti "churchyard" ku Ancient Russia adatanthawuza malo ambiri okhala ndi tchalitchi ndi manda. Ukadakhala chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, zauzimu, ndi zachuma. Panali masewera, misonkhano yambiri ndi maholide osiyanasiyana.

Dzina lakuti Kizhi limachokera ku Veps mawu kisi, kutanthauza "kusangalala". Mwinamwake, kamodzi pachilumbachi mafuko a Finno-Ugric anachita zinthu zachikunja.

Tsegulani nyumba yosungiramo zinyumba

Mu 1990, bungwe la UNESCO linapanganso chinthu china chamtengo wapatali ku List Heritage List, yomwe inakhala Nyanja ya Kizhi. Karelia pachiyambi choyimira chikuyimira chikhalidwe china ndi chikhalidwe - Valaam Archipelago. Mapiri a petroglyphs apadera a dera akhoza kubweretsanso zinthu zamtengo wapatali zamakedzana.

Chilumba cha Kizhi chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa malo osungirako malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ku Russia. Pano pali makonzedwe apadera a matabwa, omwe ali apamwamba kwambiri a kalipentala. Chitsimikiziro kwa akatswiri akale, mwinamwake, chinali zosiyana ndi zofanana ndi zachilengedwe, zachilendo kumpoto. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nyumba za manda a Kizhi, mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi kutalika kwake, zimayenda bwino kwambiri m'madera otsika a kumpoto.

Mbiri ndi zomangamanga

Pakati pa zipilala zapaderazi, Transfiguration Church imadziwika kuti imakhala yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imapangidwanso ndi piramidi. Kanyumba zitatu za kachisi zimapangidwa ndi octagon atatu, chimodzi pamwamba pa chimzake. Pakati pazitsulo zazikuluzikuluzikulu zowonjezereka, zimaphatikizapo zowonjezereka, mpaka kumutu wapakati wa tchalitchi masitepe asanu akukwera ambiri. Zonsezi ndizogwirizana ndi zina ndipo zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro limodzi lokhazikitsidwa.

Mapangidwe a Church Intercession ndiwonso oyambirira. Mitu yake isanu ndi iwiri imakhala mtundu wa korona. Kukongoletsa mkati mwa mipingo yonse iwiri sikunasungidwe mu mawonekedwe oyambirira, iwo anali mobwerezabwereza akubwezeretsedwa.

Zimagwirizanitsa bwino ndi malo komanso malo a tchalitchi komanso nyumba ya Shatrovaya, yomwe inamangidwa patapita nthawi, yomwe idakalipo kale pamene mapulani a matabwa a kumpoto amatha.

Mpanda wakale wa tchalitchi, womwe unakhazikitsidwa pakati pa zaka za XVII, sunapulumutse mpaka lero. Potsata ndondomeko yotsala yamatabwa, mpanda wamakono unamangidwanso, wofanana ndi umene unayendetsa nsanja yakale.

Mu 1966, gulu lapadera lokhazikitsa mapulani linaphatikizidwa ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa ndipo linatsegula mtundu wa anthu komanso mbiri yakale ya zomangamanga. Anatengako nyumba zamatabwa: matchalitchi, mipingo, mphero, nyumba za anthu osauka komanso nyumba zina. Poyang'ana tchalitchi, mukhoza kuona zinthu zambiri zapakhomo. Awa ndi mabuku akale, zojambula, mafano, ziwiya, zida, zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.

Mvula yoipa ndi zinthu zolimbana ndi nyengo zimakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha matabwa, motero zimayambitsa nkhaŵa za akatswiri. Pofuna kuwononga chiwonongeko cha nyumba zapadera za mgwirizano wa Kizhi, pulogalamu yowonzanso yowonjezera inakhazikitsidwa ndikuyendetsedwa bwino.

Nthawi za "nthawi zakale"

Dziko la Russia la kumpoto lilibe chifukwa chodziŵika kuti chuma cha zipilala za zomangamanga. Mmodzi mwa akatswiri odziwika bwino a amisiri ndi a Kizhi Pogost. Zambiri zamtunduwu ndi zozizwitsa zosayembekezereka sizomwe mumakumana. Mzinda wokongola kwambiri wa kachisi-ngati ukukwera pamwamba pa imvi pamwamba pa madzi akummwera, nyumba zake zazitali za matabwa zikuwoneka kutali. Chiwonetsero chapaderadera chimatsegukira kuwona kwa alendo oyendetsa sitimayo nthawi zonse kupita ku chilumba cha Kizhi. Momwe mungapitire kumeneko Kupita kumalo otengeka ndi mpweya wa "nthawi zakale"?

Ulendo wopita ku Kizhi

Kizhi ndi chilumba chotayika mu labyrinth ya masiketi a Nyanja ya Onega. Zimatetezedwa kumbali zonse ndi mafunde, omwe nthawi zambiri amasewera kumalo otseguka a Onego. Madzi kumapeto kwa nyanja yam'madzi mwamsanga amawomba ndipo amamasulidwa kuchokera ku ayezi. Zonsezi zinali zoyenera kupanga magalimoto a zombo ku Kizhi. Kodi mungapite bwanji kuchilumbachi?

M'nyengo yozizira, Kizhi imayikidwa nyengo yozizira, nthawi ya chilimwe ziwiya zothamanga kwambiri ndi zitsulo nthawi zonse zimapita kuno. Chilumbachi chimayendera alendo ndi amwendamnjira nthawi zonse, kuti akaone ndi maso awo chithunzi chopambana chokhazikitsidwa.

Ku Kizhi kuchokera ku likulu la kumpoto

Pulogalamu yamakono ya mtsinjewu wamtsinje ndi chiyambi chochokera ku St. Petersburg ndicho chofunika kwambiri pakati pa alendo. Njira zoterezi zimapereka mpata wokhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri wa moyo wakale wa Russia, pamene moyo unamangidwa kuzungulira mitsinje ndi matupi akuluakulu, kuti amve kukongola kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe cha Russia North, kuti apange maulendo okongola ku zipilala zapadera za kale, nyumba za amonke, zisumbu. Maulendo a Kizhi-Valaam pa sitimayo amakhala okongola kwambiri. Kuyenda pamtsinje kudzakondweretsa aliyense amene amakonda kusintha malo, wofunitsitsa kupeza malo atsopano, osadziwika. Kupitako ku Kizhi, Valaam ndichikhalidwe chodziwika bwino cha zokopa alendo ku Karelia. Nthaŵi zonse zimayambitsa maonekedwe abwino ndi mtendere wamaganizo.

Mtsinje wa Mtsinje womwe uli kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia kuchokera ku St. Petersburg kawirikawiri umaimira kayendetsedwe kaifupi komwe kamatenga masiku awiri. Palinso maulendo ataliatali a nyanja za Ladoga ndi Onega. Pulogalamu ya mtsinje wa cruise imaphatikizapo kuyendera Mandrogi, Pellotsaari, Petrozavodsk, Konevets ndi Lodeynoye Pole.

Maulendo oterewa, omwe amagwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kuyambira May mpaka October, amaperekedwa ndi makampani osiyanasiyana okaona malo. Sitima zapamadzi zimachokera kumtsinje wa River of the capital.

Ndi ngalawa yochokera ku Moscow

Pa sitimayo kupita ku Kizhi mungatenge kuchokera ku Moscow. Kukaona malo otchuka kumaphatikizapo pulogalamu yopita ku mtsinje wa mtsinje mumsewu wopita ku Moscow kupita ku Solovki kapena St. Petersburg. Mbali yosangalatsa kwambiri ya iwo ndi Karelia. Ulendowu umayenda pamsewu wa Volga-Baltic kudutsa ku Myshkin, Uglich, Goritsy, Svirstroy, Mandrogi ndikupita kuzilumba za Kizhi ndi Valaam.

Ku Kizhi kuchokera ku Petrozavodsk

Maseŵera pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Lake Onega ndi likulu la Karelia - Petrozavodsk. Kokha 68 km kuchokera pamenepo pali skirries za Kizhi. Mwachidziwikire, malo abwino kwambiri oyendera malowa ndi likulu la Karelia. Kusankha njira "Petrozavodsk-Kizhi", kuti mutuluke m'madzi a Onego m'madera otsetsereka pakati pa zilumba zambiri zochititsa chidwi zazilumbazi, zomwe zimapanga labyrinth zachibadwa, sizili zovuta. Ndi bwino kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi zomwe zili pa webusaitiyi, yomwe ili paulendo, paulendo wopita ku chilumbacho. Ndipo sankhani njira yabwino kwambiri. Ulendo wopita ku "Zaonezhsky Hellas" ukhoza kugulitsidwa m'modzi mwa makampani oyendayenda mumzindawu ndikupita ku ulendo "Kizhi-Valaam" pa bwato, kapena mungathe kukonza ulendo wanu nokha.

Kuchokera ku Petrozavodsk kuchokera ku Sitima Yamadzi pa nthawi yoyenda (kuyambira May mpaka September), ngalawa zopita ku Kizhi zikuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku. Ulendo umodzi ndi ola limodzi ndi mphindi 15. Nthawi yokhala pachilumbachi ndi maola atatu. Matikiti a "Meteor" ndi "Comet" angagulidwe pa ofesi ya tiketi ya pamtunda pakhomo la siteshoni kapena mwachindunji ku bokosi la ndalama pa quay No. 4.

Ulendo wopita ku Kizhi Pakatikatikati pa maulendo, pamene Onego akukhala ndi ayezi, ndizotheka pa helicopter, pa hovercrafts kapena pamsewu pamsewu-ziphuphu zamphepete. Kwa okonda ntchito zapanyumba m'nyengo yozizira, maulendo opitilira amaperekedwa kwa magalimoto oyendetsa njinga, kuthamanga ndi kugwa kwa galu ku Kizhi. Momwe mungapezere ndi mtundu wanji wa ulendo wokasankha, aliyense ayenera kuthetsedweratu mwadzidzidzi kapena mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe oyendayenda, kudalira zofuna zawo.

Mukhozanso kupita ku Kizhi kuchokera kumudzi wapafupi wa Velika Guba. Mudzi uwu uli m'chigawo cha Medvezhiegorsk. Pano, amalonda apamtunda amapereka ntchito zawo kuti aperekedwe ku malo osungiramo mabwato. Pamaso pa Great Luba, mukhoza kufika pa R-17 ndi M-18.

Matsenga a Chaka Chatsopano

Kuyendera kwa Chaka Chatsopano ku Zaonezhie, dziko lodabwitsa, lodzala ndi chinsinsi ndi matsenga, amakumbukiridwa chifukwa cha moyo. Chaka chatsopano ndi mapulogalamu a Khirisimasi ali odzaza. Nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo maulendo a helikopita ku ngale ya Lake Onega - Kizhi. Kukhala ndi tchuthi lodziwika kwambiri komanso lodziwika kwambiri pamalo oterewa ndilo lapadera kwambiri.

Palinso maulendo ku mkanda wa Kizhi ndi Kizhi. Zimaphatikizapo kuyendera malo osungirako zachilengedwe, komanso ulendo wopita ku midzi yakale ya Karelian kuzilumba zina zazilumbazi. Maulendo amenewa amakulolani kukondwera ndi kukongola kwa malo osazolowereka, osungidwa pafupifupi mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.

Mitundu ya maulendo omwe amapereka amaperekedwa mosiyanasiyana. Izi zikhoza kukhala maulendo a mapeto a sabata, kusewera, kusodza, kuphatikizapo kapena ulendo wokha.