Wapadera nkhokwe ya Tatarstan: achilengedwe, zinthu zakale

Pa gawo la Tatarstan, monga m'madera ambiri mu Russia, pali nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndi m'mamyuziyamu malo mbiriyakale kuti musunge boma choyambirira cha wapadera malo achilengedwe ndi mbiri yakale.

Nature nkhokwe ya Republic of Tatarstan: wa Volga-Kama, ndi malo osungirako wotsika Kama, komanso ambiri zigawo mwambo.

m'madera onse kutetezedwa ulendo wa 1% a gawo lonse la Republic, ndilo kukula kwa aang'ono a. Kuonjezera amenewa m'dziko anagwira ntchito yambiri pa mlingo boma.

Kufotokoza mwa chidule za Volga-Kama Nature Reserve

Volga-Kama Reserve chimakwirira kudera la mahekala opitirira 10 chikwi. m'gawo lake lili pafupi lalikulu mitsinje Kama ndi Volga. Chikhalidwe cha mbali izi wapadera Republic wolemera mitundu angapo a nyama ndi zomera.

Izi Biosphere Reserve - yekhayo wa mtundu wake pa dera la Tatarstan. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri: Raifsky (6 ha.) Ndipo Saralovskogo gawo (kuposa 4 ha.).

The zomera za malo a limapangidwa mitundu okha 844 zomera mtima (r Mukhoza. H. 51 mitundu ya zitsamba ndi mitengo). Palinso ikusonyezedwa ndi mitundu m'malo osowa ku Red Book of Russia: Red Cephalanthera, nsapato, kakombo Sarankov ndi zina zotero.

Raif malo ndi chidwi pafupifupi 300 wazaka paini m'minda. Apa ndiye wapadera ndi dedrosad, lomwe lili 500 mitundu ya zomera padziko lonse. Ili apa ndi kukongola kodabwitsa kwa nyanja zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe.

Chiwembu Saralovsky kwambiri kuti kumene kuli kutchulidwa Mayiko Red Book of woyera tailed mphungu. Ku Ulaya, palibe malo ena monga chonchi ndende ngati nkhuku zosowa. Pa malo a TH 4 okha. Mahekitala chisa 8 awiriawiri mphungu.

chidwi ndithu ndi wapadera mitundu ndi boma malo osungirako zinthu zakale za Tatarstan. Ena mwachidule pansipa.

Chibugariya zakale ndi mapulani State Museum-Reserve

Ndi mtundu wa boma mbiri ili mu Volga Middle ndi Kama Mtsinje beseni (X-XIII m'ma). Iye analenga mu 1969. Ndi malo wamkulu mbiri Tatarstan.

Chibugariya zovuta - ndi kumpoto kwambiri chipilala dziko la zomangamanga Muslim wa Ages Middle. Izi ndi chipilala okha mu dziko umboni limati kuleza zinatha wakale - Volga Bulgaria ndi Golden gulu. Ndi umboni wa chikhalidwe zinazimiririka, njira ya moyo ya nthawi imeneyo.

Pano, pa zofukulidwa apezeka, ndipo akupitiriza kudziwa pofukula angapo wapeza wapatali: mafupawa osiyanasiyana akale, malo a anthu akale.

Reserve zakale za Tatarstan ndipo komabe kubwezeretsanso zinthu zofukulidwa m'mabwinja anapeza zofukulidwa mu zodabwitsa wosatha malo chidwi mbiri.

Sviyazhsk chilumba

Zelenodolsk dera la Tatarstan pali kakang'ono pa confluence a mitsinje Pike ndi Sviyaga.

Island mzinda amadziwika kwa zaka pafupifupi 500. Start Sviyazhsk ndi linga. Mu 1551, linamangidwa mu kumbuyo kwa mdani (1 mwezi okha). Zikomo kwa iye, likulu la Khanate wa Kazan anagwa.

Pakali pano, kokha Utatu Cathedral wakhala m'deralo. Masiku amenewo, ilo linapangidwa mu utumiki wa kukhalapo kwa Ivana Groznogo kwa adani a Kazan.

Pa Sviyazhsk pano - wotchuka alendo m'dziko dziko.

"Old Kazan" ( "Zida Kazan")

Reserve zakale za Tatarstan kunyamula mbiri ya chiyambi cha moyo wa Chitata anthu (ndipo osati), mapangidwe chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo.

"Old Kazan" imatengedwa poyambira mbiri ya Tatarstan ano. Ndi malo opatulika olambirira Muslim. Dziko limeneli, mapiri ndi matanthwe, kusunga palokha mayankho a mafunso ambiri.

Kazan - mzinda ndi zaka 1000 zapitazo. Iye anali kamodzi kokha m'mudzi waung'ono. Komabe maganizo ndi funso za ubale wa "lakale" ndiponso "latsopano" Kazan.

Kukhalako kwa akale akale (Zida) Kazan, malinga ndi midzi wakale inali ku midzi itatu: Kamaeva, Tatarskaya Aysha ndi Russian Urmat (Vysokogorsky District).

Malinga ndi nthano, mzinda unakhazikitsidwa Bulgar akalonga (zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri Altyn-Bek ndi naini Alim Bey). Linamangidwa pa Kazanka (kumtunda), kumene izo zinali chifukwa ambiri unakhota anapanga (horseshoe). Features Malo ambiri amafanana polukotel chachikulu (polukazan). Choncho dzina la mzinda.

Wokondeka Kazan Kremlin

Cultural nkhokwe mbiri ya Tatarstan mu zikuchokera awo ali ndi chidwi chachikulu likulu ndi mabwalo - Kazan Kremlin. Iye ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali ya cholowa chikhalidwe Republic.

Linga ndi zovuta za Chitata ndi Chirasha mapulani masitaelo.
Izi zikuphatikizapo malo awa: Kremlin Kazan (zaka X-XVI.), Stone Kremlin (XVI-XVIII zaka zambiri.) Ndipo ena ambiri nyumba mapulani (XVI-XIX zaka.).

Makamaka anakopeka "kuwombera" Suyumbike nsanja, imene inamangidwa Ivanom Groznym (1552) pambuyo kuwatengera ku Kazan. Za nsanja tsankhu nawo nthano zosiyanasiyana ndi nthano.

Pa gawo la boma la Russia zakale ndi chionetsero ntchito. Wapadera Kazan Kremlin - chipilala mbiri amatetezedwa ndi UNESCO.

nkhokwe National la Tatarstan kunyamula zinthu zofunika zokhudza zochitika m'mbiri akale, chikhalidwe, miyambo ndi ya anthu.