Mu 1970, kumanga makina olankhulana ndi magetsi kunayambika ndi Corning, yomwe inadziwika ngati kuyamba kwa makampani atsopano. Masiku ano, chitukuko cha makina opanga fiber optic chimapitirira chuma chonse cha dziko lapansi, kuwonjezeka kwa fiber kupanga ndi 40% pachaka! Woyambitsa wamkulu ndi wothandizira ma teknoloji - US - m'zaka za posachedwapa wapanga makilomita 10 miliyoni a fiber, yomwe ili ngati 250 girth kuzungulira equator. Masewu olankhulana ndi makina opanga mauthenga ndiwopangidwa bwino kwambiri pofuna kusinthana mauthenga. Malo awo - kugawa chizindikiro kwa mamiliyoni ambiri ogula - palibe njira. Iwo, monga mapeto a mitsempha, amapereka zizindikiro pakati pa makontinenti, mayiko, zigawo, mkati mwa mzinda, kupyolera mu malonda, kupanga mapepala olankhulana (FOCL).
Zinthu zawo zogwira ntchito zimasintha, mawonekedwe, ndikulitsa chizindikiro cha kuwala. Ife timalemba iwo. Magwero a misochromatic-cohent radiation ndi laser. Ma modulator amapanga mawonekedwe a kuwala, omwe amasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chizindikiro cha magetsi. Multiplexers kuphatikiza ndi kutulutsa zizindikiro. Regenerators amabwezeretsanso magawo a mawonekedwe a kuwala. Photodetector ikupanga kusintha kwakukulu: kuwala - magetsi. Makina olankhulana ndi magetsi ali ndi ubwino wambiri: ndi osavuta kuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito zikhomo, amatha kutulutsa chizindikiro chowala popanda kutaya, kuteteza chidziwitso chodalirika.
Pakati pa mzere woyankhulana, mawonekedwe ambiri ndi transatlantic. Amagwirizanitsa mayiko a ku Ulaya ndi United States ndi Canada. Mkulu kwambiri m'litali - kudutsa ku Pacific, kubweretsa United States pafupi ndi Japan, China, South Korea, Hong Kong, Hawaii. Kuyika makina opangira mauthenga ndi opangidwa ndi zida zapadera. Russia ikuchitanso nawo ntchito zomwezo. Chaka chatha pomanga mzere wolumikiza Kamchatka, Sakhalin ndi Magadan adayamba. Onani kuti pa fiber-optic fibre-optic fibre, fiber ndi miyeso / chipolopolo cha 1.3-1.55 μm amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Boma likukhudzidwa ndi FOCL zam'deralo pakati pa midzi ndi zigawo komanso m'mizinda. Zimapangidwa ndi ma fiber - 50/125 microns. Makampani akuluakulu amagwiritsira ntchito mizere yolumikiza ma fiber kuti apange kayendetsedwe ka "maofesi apakompyuta," komanso kupanga mafakitale. Ndizochitika zomwe mayiko otukuka (pakati pawo - Japan, England, Italy, France) amagwiritsira ntchito makina opangidwa okha. Msewu wa m'deralo umagwirizana ndi msanga, zosachepera, chinthu chokhazikika. Chosavuta komanso chosavuta kukhazikitsa chingwe cha multimode ndi choyenera kwa malonda. Makina opangira amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga kutentha, kupanikizika, kutentha kwa mphamvu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu hydrophones, sonar, seismology, kuyenda. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitetezo, machitidwe alamu.
Kuti tifotokozere mwachidule, tiyenera kufotokozera momveka bwino kuti teknolojiyi siidatope, pokhala pakati pa chitukuko chake. Otsogolera oyambitsa CISCO, 3COM, D-LINK, DELL, ALLIED TELESYN mwa njira iliyonse yowonjezereka ntchito zamagetsi. Mitundu yatsopano yamakono (multimode) (yotsika mtengo) yomwe imakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino apangidwa. Zogwirizanitsa zomveka ndi zosavuta kupanga mafomu apangidwa (zomwe zikuchitika panopa zikuganiza molondola mpaka micron). Kuti pakhale njira yowonjezera yowunikira, mapulogalamu atsopano a laser laser omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofufuza amawongolera. Zofukufuku zikupitirizabe m'munda wa machitidwe okonzedwa bwino.