Zopumira kusanthula maganizo

Kudziwa malamulo a zopumira makamaka amathandiza kuti kalembedwe malamulo ndi kuthetsa umbuli. Zopumira - sayansi patsogolo umene njira yolondola ya zopumira (mawu akuti adafika ku Russian ku Latin ndipo limatanthauza "mfundo") - izo kumagwirizana ndi malembedwe a (liwu amachokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "lamulo la asilikali") - galamala gawo, yomwe cholinga chake cholinga kuphunzira kulankhula dongosolo, mbali ndi mbali zimene zimapangitsa izo. Zovuta ndi amalanga izi anaphunzira ndipo anachita kusanthula zopumira.

Zotsatirazi zilankhulo za Shahmatovym A. A.-sintaksisty akatswiri a masiku ano kuzindikira chapakati
mayunitsi syntactic kakupereka ndi kochepa lachitsanzo kulankhulana kulankhula. Iwo ali maonekedwe a intonation chatsekedwa ndi malembedwe kufotokoza zinthu zenizeni kapena ndondomeko za maganizo, m'maganizo. Ndipo onyozeka ndi chiganizo zovuta zizigwirizana tanthauzo limeneli.

The ankaganizira mu malembedwe a pempholo udindo zigawo zake (omwe ndi mawu akuti, mitundu mawu pa interpositional ndi vnutripozitsionnoy syntactic poyerekezera ndi magawo ofunda monga kuli mabungwe, inflections, prepositions). The mfundo dongosolo zinenero - musati poponya kusokoneza ntchito zizindikiro zopumira (zomwe nthawi yomweyo facilitates kusanthula zopumira), koma pa nthawi yomweyo kuganizira kufunika kwa kusunga kusinthasintha kwa dongosolo malembedwe kufotokoza mmene ndingathere kuti athe zamalankhulidwe mokoma ndi mbali ya lembalo. The kusintha mosalephera akupezeka yopanga zopumira. Ndipo ngati mumaganizira kuthekera aliyense payekha wolemba wa dongosolo, ndi kusanthula zopumira amakhala zovuta.

Molondola kupulumutsa chizindikiro makamaka zopumira, muyenera kutsatira malamulo. Ndipo uyu, nayenso, ayenera kuti azitha kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbali palokha ndipo wothandiza wa kulankhula (kudziwa maonekedwe a ntchito ya aliyense wa iwo ndi mfundo zikuluzikulu iwo), kupeza predictive Center, kudziwa mbali yachiwiri ya chiganizocho, kumva intonation chete kwa kumvetsa kusiyana kwa mawu a mtima kulemba ndi kuonetsetsa mogwirizana ndi zolembedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo maganizo "kusanthula zopumira," ndipo anafotokoza ubwenzi ndi interlacing pafupi ya malembedwe, zopumira, kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe.

zizindikiro zopumira, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'lembali: mfundo (akufotokoza ganizo lonse), funso (zikuphatikizapo nkhani), modabwa (HIV njira mtima wapadera, maganizo) zizindikiro, ellipsis (mu nkhani ya vagueness, incompleteness), koma (anaika kugawanitsa, kudzipatula, mawu osiyana kwenikweni athandizira kamangidwe, kulankhula mwachindunji, apilo, osiyana kamangidwe, gawo la chiweruzo zovuta), semicolon (khalidwe makamaka ziganizo conjunctionless zovuta), mukapeza (ntchito ziganizo yosavuta zovuta, dialogues, kulankhula mwachindunji), m'matumbo (ofanana mukapeza), makoti (yodziwika ndi kulankhula mwachindunji), m'mabokosi (mudziwe zambiri, posts).

Ie, Polongosola mwachidule pamwamba, n'zotheka kupereka aligorivimu limene kuwunika imagwiridwa zopumira kupereka:

• Tisonyezeni chandamale mawu ndi mbali intonation.
• Kudziwa mtundu wa chiweruzo: yosavuta kapena zovuta.
• Pezani dongosolo predicative ndi mbali yachiwiri.
• Ngati losavuta - pofotokoza mfundo izi (ziwiri membala / chimodzi-chidutswa, wathunthu / chosakwanira, wamba / si kuchuluka zovuta kapena ayi).

Pakuti zovuta - kuzindikira mtundu wa kulankhulana (kumvera / ntchito / conjunctionless / ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana) ndi kufala ake njira (intonation, mgwirizano, wogwirizana kapena mawu correlative).

• Kufunika kufotokoza zonse zopumira anapulumutsa (nthawi mipatuliro, dashes, ndi m'matumbo. D.) Pamene mapeto a chiweruzo, ndipo mkati mbali.
• Pangani dera.

Pochita zimenezi, mudzatha yosanthula maganizo kulikonse.