Zosaneneka Russia: wachitatu boma likulu

Russia - ndi zosaneneka ndi chidwi dziko: pali awiri a boma la Russia, apa panabwera ambiri padziko umunthu wotchuka, ndipo okha mu chikhalidwe ichi pali mitu atatu. Zingaoneke, kodi zingatheke: Ndipotu aliyense mphamvu mmodzi yekha mzinda waukulu kuti zachitika kwa zaka zambiri? Ndiyeno mzinda atatu likulu. Moscow - likulu la Russia, amene dziko lonse amadziwa. Chabwino, kodi awiri a mumzindawo ndi dzina choncho wolemekezeka? Izi ndi zimene tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

Mwachidule za Moscow

Moscow (likulu la Russia) yafika nthawi yaitali njira zakale mapangidwe ake ndi chitukuko. Kulongosola gawo lonse ndi zovuta, koma mfundo zofunika kwambiri osanenapo ndi ofunika.

Moscow kwa nthawi yoyamba kutchulidwa mbiri zokhudzana ndi cha m'ma XII. Iyo inali chabe pa nthawi imene mafumu anali mu nkhondo zonse mphamvu pa Kiev. Mu 1147 (m'chaka), Yuri Dolgoruky - Prince wa Suzdal - analamula asilikali ake kuti apite ku Novgorod. Mtopola umenewu ali kugwirizana kwa kukumbukira woyamba wa mbiri Moscow. Mu mzinda waung'ono watsopano kalonga analamula kuti abwere kwa wina anzake, ndicho Svyatoslav. Uthenga kuti Moscow akhala akuchita msonkhano wa akalonga pamaso pa chiyambi cha nkhondo yapachiweniweni, amene anamuopseza kuti kukhala mapeto a msonkhano, chasanduka mzinda uno mu odziwika bwino mu mudzi Russia. Choncho zimachokera Russia, likulu chachitatu chimene chidzaonekera kuchuluka mwachilungamo lalikulu la nthawi.

Dolgoruky sanali kukonzekera kutembenukira ku likulu Moscow. Koma tsoka analosera m'dera udindo, chifukwa iye anali khamu, amene anali mmodzi mwa maufumu angapo, ndipo pano izo anakhudzidwa madzi ndi misewu. Choncho, mofuna Kapena mokangamiza, koma Moscow adakali ndi likulu.

M'nyumbayi pa zilumba

Pankhani St. Petersburg, ndiye zonse mwakamodzi osanenapo chakuti ndi likulu kumpoto kwa Russia. Mzindawu uli pamalo zilumba 47 wa ankadziwana Neva ndi weniweni pabwalo owonetsera zakale. Petersburg ali m'gulu la mizinda yokongola kwambiri ku Ulaya. Pa mbiri yake, izo zimayenera kudutsa zaka zitatu anatseka misewu, 11 mafumu, kusintha zachuma ndi ambiri osefukira. Ndipo izi zonse ena zaka mazana atatu.

Mu 1703, a cobblestone woyamba kupangidwa chifukwa cha Leningrad. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi Peter Wamkulu abverana kuti amange latsopano likulu. Iye ankayenera kukhala omasuka mafunde European ndi mphepo nyanja. likulu kumpoto wakula zokha mu zithaphwi ndi m'madambo, ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu anamanganso mapulani ake akunja. St. Petersburg maonekedwe a ku Russia anakhala ngati zachilendo ngati chizolowezi kuwerenga nyuzipepala kapena kumeta ndevu zake. Pamene ankamanga, mzinda anataya anthu ambiri kuposa chikwi, kotero nthawi zambiri kuti inamangidwa pa mafupa.

kukhala likulu

St. Petersburg (Russian likulu kumpoto) wakhala mzinda waukulu ngati wamphamvu ufumu mu ulamuliro wa Peter Wamkulu. Koma pamene izo zinachitika, sakudziwika bwinobwino. Pa nthawi iyi, izo si lofalitsidwa ngakhale lamulo wapadera. Pyonsene pyacitika motero. Mu 1708 Peter Ine ku Moscow ku St. Petersburg ndinasamukira mtundu wonse wa Romanovs. Nthawi yomweyo mfumu yoyamba Zima nyumba kumanzere anakwezedwa mtsinje wa Neva.

Pamene zinadziwika kuti mfumu nditembenuzira mzinda watsopano ku nyumba yake kuno ku Moscow, n'kuyamba akazembe yachilendo. Pang'onopang'ono izo zinachitika ndi kusuntha boma onse ndi antchito awo. Mu 1712, m'tauni pa Neva anagwidwa ndi Bungwe Senate - limba apamwamba mphamvu ya boma. Chaka chino imatengedwa kuti tsiku pamene Saint Petersburg unali likulu la boma.

Nizhny Novgorod kapena Kazan

Russia (likulu lachitatu - Kazan) wapeza latsopano likulu osati kale: zaka zingapo zapitazo. Pakuti chabwino kuvala mutu wa likulu lachitatu kumenyana mizinda iwiri - Kazan ndi Nizhny Novgorod. Kuphunzira ntchito amenewa ankachita nawo Rospatent. Iye anaganiza kuti likulu la Tatarstan ndi mzinda wina waukulu Federation lonse.

Kazan yomweyo mayina Rospatent zotetezedwa ziwalo. Si chinsinsi kuti chiphiphiritso "Kazan - likulu lachitatu la Russia" anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mzinda m'chaka oyambirira mu 2007. Izi chikwiyire mkangano Nizhny Novgorod ndi Tatarstan. Koma bwinobwino mwake. Ndipo tsopano ku Russia pali wina likulu - Kazan.

Kazan

Russia, umene uli likulu wachitatu wa Kazan ayenera kunyadira kuti malo ake otsegula ndi mzinda umenewu zazikulu. Mbiri ya Kazan ali zaka chikwi. Kale a m'mudzi kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko wakale wa Volga Bulgars ndi ana awo mwachindunji wa Kazan Chitata.

zaka zoposa zitatu Kazan anali kumudzi wa asilikali a boma Chibugariya. M'zaka za m'ma XIII, izo zakhala likulu yaikulu ya m'modzi wa midzi ya Golden gulu. zaka zana kenako, mzindawo unakhala likulu la za Kazan Khanate. Ndipo mu 1552, izo zaikidwa Russia. Mu 1920, Kazan n'kukhala likulu la Tatarstan.

mitu itatu

Russia (likulu lachitatu tanena) - modabwitsa wokongola dziko. Ndipo iliyonse ya mitu yake mukhoza zafikapo, mudzaona kuti aliyense wa iwo ndi osiyana mu njira yake ndi zosaneneka. M'mizinda yonse pali zambiri mbiri malo, wokongola zachilengedwe komanso anthu, wokonzeka kulankhula za mphindi kwambiri za moyo wa kumudzi. Ndipo ndithudi, Muscovites tidzamunyengerera inu kuti Moscow akhale likulu, St. Petersburg adzatsogolera zikwi umboni kuti zimenezi n'zoona ndipo likulu yekha, ndi Kazan lizidzachita boma la Russia m'deralo, amene adzaponya kukayika kulikonse chifukwa chimene mzinda uwu sizingakhale mudzi waukulu wa Federation lapansi.