Zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi agulugufe kwa ana. Ntchentche-lemongrass: zochititsa chidwi

Kuwala kofewafewa anthu ochepa amatha kusiya. Kupondereza bwino maluwa a maluwa, amakondwera ndi kukongola kwawo ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri zida za moyo wa munthu. Kuphatikiza pa kukongola, tizilombo zosadziwikazi ndi zosangalatsa pa khalidwe lawo ndi maonekedwe a moyo. M'nkhani yomwe tidzakambirana ndi owerenga nkhani zachilendo kumoyo wa agulugufe. M'zinthu zathu, tapeza mfundo zosiyana siyana za agulugufe. Zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa ndizomwe zidzakhale za ana a sukulu ndi ana a msinkhu wa msinkhu. Chidziwitso chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu phunziro kapena kungouzidwa kwa ana kuti afotokoze chidziwitso cha dziko lozungulira la ofufuza ochepa.

Kodi agulugufe ndi ndani?

Butterflies ndi tizilombo ta lepidopteran. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamapiko awo pali mamba ang'onoang'ono, omwe amathyola kuwala kwa dzuwa kumbali zosiyanasiyana, amapanga chikhalidwe.

Kawirikawiri ana amasokoneza mamba ndi mungu. Yesani kusuntha, kuyeretsa mapiko a tizilombo. Kwenikweni, ndizosatheka kuchita izi mwanjira iliyonse. Mapiko a gulugufe adzatha , sangathe kuwuluka ndipo adzawonongeka.

Koma m'chilengedwe pali agulugufe opanda mapiko. Izi ndi zamoyo monga steppe steppe ndi zofala. Amakhala mu koka ndi kudyetsa zomwe amatha kuzipeza ndi mbozi.

Palinso agulugufe amene amatha kuyenda. Izi ndi tizilombo monga madzi othamanga. Zoona zokhudzana ndi agulugufe kwa ana a m'kalasi lachiwiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu phunziro lachilengedwe. Ophunzira a kusukulu adzakhalabe ovuta kumvetsa thupi la tizilombo. Koma kuti aphunzitse ana kusamalira chilengedwe akhoza ndipo ayenera kukhala pa msinkhu uliwonse.

Zilonda zotere zimakhala ndi miyendo itatu ya miyendo ndi proboscis yaitali, yomwe, ngati kuli koyenera, imakhala chiwalo chokwanira. Awa amatsenga amawotchera zomera, komanso njuchi. Komanso, iwo samagona. Ena amakopa chidwi ndi mtundu wawo wodabwitsa, ena, mosiyana, amadziwika. Mwachitsanzo, udzu wa butterfly uli ngati tsamba. Zochititsa chidwi zokhudzana ndi kukongola uku zingapezeke m'munsimu.

Ziwombankhanga zimakhala padziko lonse, kupatula ku Antarctica. Koma nthawi ya moyo wa tizirombozi ndi yaifupi: kuchokera masiku angapo mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, malingana ndi mitundu.

Sayansi, yomwe amaphunzira agulugufe, amatchedwa lepidopterology.

Kodi agulugufe amadya chiyani?

Malinga ndi zamoyo, tizilombo timatha kudya timadzi tokoma, madzi a mitengo ndi zipatso zovunda. Ena amakonda misozi ndi zinyama za nyama. Nthawi inayake, sichidalira kudya matope, chifukwa choti n'zotheka kusungirako ndi mchere. Agulugufe a mtundu wa Kaliptra amadyetsa magazi a ng'ombe. Kuphatikiza apo, ena a subspecies amatha kuyamwa ndikumwa magazi kuchokera ku bala loyera, pamene ena amatha kuphonya khungu ndi chithandizo cha phoscis.

Mfundo zochititsa chidwi za agulugufe zingaperekedwe ngati masewera ngakhale kwa ana aang'ono kwambiri.

Matsenga obadwa

Mpaka pano, palibe wasayansi watha kufotokoza zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zoona zokhudzana ndi agulugufe zimatha kuuzidwa, ponena za masitepe a mawonekedwe a tizilombo todabwitsa. Choncho, gulugufe limadutsamo masitepe angapo: mazira - mbozi (larva) - pupa - munthu wamkulu.

Mayi wolimbana ndi chiwerewere amaika mazira nthawi zambiri pa masamba a mitengo. Mitundu ina imateteza ana awo pokumba mazira pansi, ena amaphimba ndi mamba awo, ena amatha kubzala mosakaniza.

Malinga ndi mtundu wa tizilombo ndi zakunja, mbozi ya mazira ikhoza kuthawa masiku angapo kapena miyezi ingapo. Nthawiyi imadziwika kuti tizilombo timayesetsa kudyetsa, kusunga zinthu zofunika.

Pakati pa molting, kusintha kwa morphological kumachitika - tizilombo timatembenuka kukhala pupa. Ziwombankhanga zimatetezera mtendere m'njira zosiyanasiyana: ena amapanga makoko a ulusi wa silika, omwe amadzipangira okha, ena amamanga "nyumba" ya mchenga ndi nthaka, ndi ena - kuchokera ku makina awo.

Kukongola kwamapiko ndi mapiko onyowa amabadwa. Choncho, panthawi yomwe imathamanga kuchokera ku chrysalis, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti agulugufe akhale ndi mawonekedwe ngati nthambi - kuigwedeza ndi mapepala, tizilombo touma ndi kufalikira mapiko awo. Pambuyo pake akhoza kuthawa kwawo koyamba.

Mfundo zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi agulugufe kwa ana a msinkhu wa pulayimale zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziziyenda pamtunda ku paki kapena kudera lakumidzi. Ndipo mukhoza kugwirizanitsa chidziwitso chodziwikiratu mwa kuyang'ana kuyenda kumbuyo kwa chitukuko cha tizilombo kuchokera ku larva kupita ku butterfly wamkulu.

Mafosholo mu nthano

Zoona zokhudzana ndi agulugufe, chiyambi chawo ndi maganizo a anthu kwa tizilombo tingaphunzire mwa kudziŵa zochitika zakale zamatabwa. Butterflies ndi tizilombo akale kwambiri. Zakafukufuku zapeza kuti alipo zaka 150 miliyoni. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 160,000 ya nyama zachilendozi.

Kalekale makulugufe, monga onse osamvetsetseka ndi osasankhidwa, onse anali okondedwa ndi owopa. Zamoyo zosazolowereka za tizilombo zinayambitsa chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha cholengedwa choterocho.

Pakafukufuku, anthu a ku Iguputo wakale ankapezekapo, omwe agulugufe amajambula. M'masiku amenewo, anthu adziwa moyo wa munthu ndi tizilomboti.

Anthu ena ali ndi gulugufe - chiwonetsero cha chimwemwe, chisangalalo, chikondi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi miyoyo ya anthu akufa, maonekedwe a ziwanda komanso mfiti.

Mu nthano zakale za Chigriki, pali agulugufe omwe ali ndi gawo la Psyche - msungwana yemwe amachititsa moyo waumunthu, ndipo anthu a Scandinavia anabwera ndi elves - amuna okoma ndi mapiko a butterfly. Ku India, gulugufe ankatengedwa kuti anali mbadwa ya dziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo Buddha adapereka ulaliki wonse kwa tizilomboti. Zikhulupiriro zambiri agulugufe amachititsa munthu kubadwanso komanso kusafa.

Mfundo zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi moyo wa agulugufe sizidzafuna chidwi ndi ana okha, koma akuluakulu.

Zizindikiro za anthu

Kwa anthu pa khalidwe la agulugufe amasonyeza nyengo. Kotero, ngati ming'oma ikanika - posachedwa imvula. Mvula yamvula, usiku wawulugufe amawuluka - kutentha.

Ngati agulugufe akuwombera munthu - kumakhala wabwino, chimwemwe.

Agulugufe analowa m'zenera - osati zabwino, ndikofunikira kumasula tizilombo tokha.

Miyambo

Lero simudzadabwa alendo ndi salute kuchokera agulugufe pa ukwati kapena chaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwambo umenewu si zaka zana! Izo zinayambira ku Japan. Zosangalatsa ndi zokongola za tizilombo tinaziyerekezera ndi geisha. Choncho, agulugufe ku ukwatiwo ankaganiziridwa kuti akufuna kuti mkwatibwi amvetse nzeru zazimayi. Mabulugufe awiri amaimira ukwati wamphamvu. Mfundo zodziŵika bwino za agulugufe zakhala zikudziwika ndi okonzekera ukwati masiku ano, kupereka achinyamata kuti azikongoletsera tchuthili ndi agulugufe oterewa.

Ukwati wamakono wamakono sungakhoze kuchita popanda chizindikiro cha gulugufe: asanakwatirane, mkwati amupatsa mkwatibwi ulemerero monga mawonekedwe a tizilombo ngati chizindikiro cha chikondi ndi chisamaliro.

Makamaka agulugufe amakafika kukhoti la Louis XIV. M'munda wachisanu wa mfumu, zinali zotheka kukumana ndi tizilombo ta mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu.

Zolemba

Mfundo zochititsa chidwi zokhudzana ndi olemba kachilomboka:

1. Mkulu wamkulu wa mitunduyi ndi Tisaniya agrippina. Kutalika kwa mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi 31 cm. Ndizochepa pang'ono kuposa Ptitchekrylka. Miyeso yake ifika masentimita 28.
2. Wamng'ono kwambiri ndi mwana Mal. Mapiko ake otseguka ndi 2 mm m'litali.
3. Mtengo wautali kwambiri umapezeka ku Brazhniki. M'madera okhala ku Madagascar, kutalika kwa chiwalo ichi ndi masentimita 28.
4. Chofala kwambiri padziko lonse ndi gulu la gulugufe la Vanessa Cardi Nymphalides.
5. Mutu wakufa wa banja la Brazhniki akukweza phokoso lalikulu.
6. Kukhumudwa kwa maso a Peacock kunayamba kwambiri. Amapeza fungo pamtunda wa makilomita 10.
7. Mofulumira kuposa onse akuwuluka Mphepo.
8. Mkulu wa agulugufe ndi Bouyadyuval.

Ntchentche-lemongrass: zochititsa chidwi

Muzitali zathu mukhoza kupeza mtengo wa mandimu wa banja Belyanok. Zimakhala zovuta kuziwona m'mamasamba, monga mtundu womwe umakhala ngati tsamba la mtengo. Kawirikawiri zimatha kuwona momwe ana amadabwa ndi kuthawa kodabwitsa kwa "tsamba". Mtundu uwu ndi kuteteza masking.

Chidwi china chodabwitsa cha mandimu ndi chakuti iwo alibe mayiko otseguka. Ngati mutasokoneza gulugufe, ilo lidzapuntha mapiko ndi miyendo, ndiyeno kugwa pansi, motero kudzidzinyenga yekha ngati tsamba kapena tsamba lakugwa. Iye ali ndi chiwindi chotalika, chifukwa akhoza kukhala zaka zoposa chaka.

Takuuzani zowonjezera zokondweretsa za agulugufe. Kwa ana n'kofunika kudziwa kuti agulugufe ndi zolengedwa zodabwitsa. Mitundu iliyonse ili ndi zozizwitsa zokha ndi zosavuta kuzidziwitsa. Zimakondweretsa komanso zimalimbikitsa. Tiyenera kugogomezera kuti sikutheka kuwononga zolengedwa zokongola izi pofuna kusangalatsa kapena kulakalaka msanga. Kuyambira ali wamng'ono, akulu ayenera kufotokozera ana kuti kufunika kwa cholengedwa chochepa ngati butterfly padziko lapansi.