Zotsatira kwachilengedwenso cheza pa anthu

Zotsatira kwachilengedwenso cheza pa anthu lagona ake maselo minofu ionization thupi ndi maonekedwe a matenda poizoniyu. Matendawa kudzadalira zifukwa zambiri: m'dera anakhudzidwa, mlingo wa ionizing poizoni nthawi imene mlingo analandira.

cheza ionizing

Pamene particles mkulu-mphamvu kapena photons lomwe kudutsa thunthu iwo kupanga nsapato mu njira yake ndi tinthu mlandu, ndipo amatchedwa ayoni. Choncho ndi ngozi ndi ionizing cheza. Zotsatira kwachilengedwenso cheza kumakhudza kwambiri pa nkhani wamoyo. Kukhala minofu - ndi maselo Nthaŵi zonse kusinthidwa, ndi ndikofunikira. Ndipo ionizing cheza ndi doubly zopweteka kwambiri.

Mbali ya choipa cheza kugwirizana ndi zotupa makina a nyumba maselo monga DNA. Mu gawo - kuti njira mankhwala chikuchitika ndi kumasula ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira. Popeza munthu 75% ya madzi, cheza woyamba ndi cheza kungolandira maselo madzi, kupanga ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira monga TIKANAKONDA HO2, N. otsatira makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita amapezeka unyolo ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira za mamolekyulu izi mapuloteni. Ndiye pali kusintha zinchito mu malamulo a moyo kwachilengedwenso selo.

The kusintha izi zimachitika maselo:

• kugawaniza limagwirira chawonongeka ndipo anavulala selo chromosomal zida;
• oletsedwa ndondomeko yosintha ndipo zosiyanasiyana maselo;
• oletsedwa ndondomeko kuchulukana ndi minofu kusinthika.

Ambiri mwa zotsatira kwachilengedwenso mmene cheza pa zonse kusinthidwa mafupa, ndulu, gonads, etc.

Pachimake cheza syndrome

A mlingo kwambiri cheza ionizing (kuposa 600 rad) kumabweretsa chiwonongeko mofulumira munthu (ngati ayi ikuchitika chithandizo chilichonse). Pa mlingo wa 400-600 rad anapha pafupifupi 50% ya anthu. Umayamba pachimake cheza matenda, imene n'kugwa ndi kufa hematopoietic dongosolo (wofiira mafupa) ndi mabasi ntchito chitetezo dongosolo.

Mlungu woyamba wa matenda pachimake cheza ndi asymptomatic - otchedwa zobisika nthawi ya matenda. Pamenepo adadzanso kusokonezeka, sichitha chitetezo cha m'thupi, ayamba moto matenda onse aakulu ndi matenda atsopano. Pofika sabata chachinayi kukhala magazi, magazi amathera pindani chiopsezo magazi kuchuluka.

Mlingo watsopano wa mankhwala limakupatsani kupulumutsa anthu amene analandira mlingo wa ionizing cheza kwa 1000 rad. Poyamba, zotsatira kwachilengedwenso cheza mu ndalama osati kuchiza. Cheza matenda - ili ndi digiri kwambiri kuwonongeka. Mlingo wocheperako zingachititse khansa ndi zotupa zosiyanasiyana zilonda.

Magwero ndi mitundu cheza kukhudzana

Munthu sakhoza kulandira mlingo yoopsa kutentha kwa cheza kuyenda mitambo kapena kuchokera pamalo zakhudzana nyumba, nyumba ndi dziko. Zimenezi zimatchedwa cheza kunja. Internal kukhudzana kumachitika pamene munthu inhales aerosol kachilombo (ngozi inhalation) kapena amadya zakhudzana chakudya ndi madzi. zakuthupi nyukiliya akhoza kulowa mu khungu ndi zovala. kukhudzana amenewa amatchedwa kukhudzana.

Zotsatira kwachilengedwenso cheza angachititse zotsatira izi:

• Somatic zosapanganika. N'zovuta kudziwa ndi mwina siziwoneka kwa zaka zambiri.
• Somatic. Zingamvekere yekha padzuwa anthu pa mbewu si bwanji.
• Chibadwa. Linaphwanya nyumba selo kugonana poyera anthu amene amakhudza ana, lomwe limapezeka ndi deformities kobadwa nako ndi masinthidwe.

Mlingo wa kukhudzana kumadalira osati kokha pa mlingo komanso pa nthawi yopeza cheza. Mlingo wa 300 rad, chifukwa mu miyezi ingapo, matenda sichichititsa, ndipo pa nthawi ina kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Pachimake cheza matenda angayambe pamene kulandira mlingo umodzi 100 rads.