1147 - ndi nthawi yanji yokhazikitsidwa kwa Moscow?

"Gulu la Olamulira Achi Russia" lili ndi mfundo zomwe mafuko oyambirira a m'dera la Moscow masiku ano anazilamulira m'mayiko amenewa chaka cha 880. Akatswiri ambiri amadzifunsa kuti: 1147 - ndi zaka zana zotani pakukhazikitsidwa kwa boma la Russia? Mtsinje wa Moscow m'zaka zimenezo unkatchedwa dzina lokongola ndi lopanda dzina - Samorodinka, ndipo pamphepete mwa nyanja Russia, mfumu ya Oleg, anamanga tawuni yaling'ono Neglinny. Chimene chinachitika pambuyo pake ndi mtsogoleri wamng'ono uyu sichidziwika, koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo Rusich sanachoke m'mayiko awa.

Yuri Dolgoruky - woyambitsa likulu

Prince Yuri Dolgoruky muzokambirana kwake ndi Svyatoslav Olgovich, mbuye wa dziko la Chernigov, akumuitanira kukachezera Moscow kumayambiriro kwa April 1147. Mu mbiri yakale ya ku Russia kufotokozedwa kwa zokambiranazi kwasungidwa, choncho Yuri amaonedwa kuti ndiye woyambitsa Moscow. 1147 - kodi zaka izi ndi zotani pakati pa akuluakulu oyandikana nawo? Ngakhale panthawi imeneyo mzindawu unkafanana ndi malo ochepa omwe amakhala pafupi nawo: Sushovo, Kulishki, Vysotsky, Kudrino, Simonovo, Vorobyevo. Kalonga mwiniwakeyo ankakhala m'nyumba ya Stepan Kuchko, komwe tsopano kuli Chistye Prudy, ndipo kumene Kremlin imatulukira, panthawiyo kunali nsonga yaikulu yamapiri. Poyamba, pa malo a mzinda waukulu womwe unali pafupi ndikutambasula munda waukulu wa Kuchkovo, kumene munthu wolemera wa mnyamata wa Kuchka analipo, koma adagwa, ndipo mtsogoleri wa banjayo anaphedwa limodzi ndi banja lonselo.

Mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa mzinda waukulu

Moscow inali kumanga movutika ndi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1200, pamene wolamulira wa mzindawo anayamba kukhala Daniil, mwana wa Alexander Nevsky, tebulo lachifumu ndi chida chosonyeza George akugonjetsa. Akalonga ankapereka misonkho ku mwambo watsopano wa banja: anyamata akuwonekera m'banjamo anayesa kutcha dzina lake Yuri, polemekeza wolemekezeka wawo wotchuka.

Moscow pansi pa Ivan Kalita

1147 - ndi zaka zana zotani pakupanga likulu la dziko la Russia? Kuyamba kwake maluwa ndi mphamvu Moscow kumangopitirira 1319, pamene idalamulira Ivan Kalita. Kumene kuli kofunikira, kuuma kwake kwa khalidwe kunasanduka nkhanza, ndipo chuma, kupsinjika komanso chilakolako chokhala ndi zizindikiro zakale zinalola kalonga kuti apange mzinda kukhala malo azale ndi azachuma, kumene zinthu zofunikira za boma zinasankhidwa. Tsopano Moscow sizinali zochepa kuposa Vladimir kapena Kiev.

Ndipo zonse sizidzakhala kanthu: koma Batu Khan mu 1338 anabweretsa naye moto ndi kuwonongeka, ndipo mzindawo unasokonezeka kwambiri. Anthu a ku Russia akhala akutha kupirira ngakhale zovuta kwambiri, ndipo Moscow pambuyo pake akukhala likulu la dziko la Russia, cholinga cha chuma chawo ndi mphamvu zawo zankhondo. Mbiri ya mzindawo nthawi zonse yakhala yodzala ndi zithunzithunzi, malingaliro ndi zinsinsi, koma asayansi atsimikizira kuti chiyambi cha mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi Yuri Yurigorgor. 1147 ndi zaka za kukhazikitsidwa kwa likulu lathu, komanso chiyambi cha kugwirizanitsa mitundu yambiri ya anthu ku ufumu umodzi ndi wosagonjetsedwa.