Age Mayan ndi mapiramidi Igupto

Chimodzi cha zinsinsi chachikulu cha anthu ndi mapiramidi. Akatswiri akadali kuchuluka chodabwitsa ndi kuvuta kwa ntchito, ndi azambiriyakale sangathe kumvetsa anachititsa anthu akale kumangira nyumba. Iwo ngakhale mtsutso za cholinga chenicheni cha misewu imeneyi ya zomangamanga wakale kutali yayambika. Ena amakhulupirira kuti nyumba ya Yucatán ndi Egypt - zokhudzana, koma izo siziri. Tikutero monga zaka mapiramidi, ndi mbali ya zomangamanga awo.

Egypt

The Great Piramidi, yomwe ili pa Giza Plateau ku Iguputo kwa nthawi yaitali chodabwitsa ofufuza onse ndi alendo. Nthawi zambiri, tinganenenso zomwezo mwa iye "alongo." Ngakhale ntchito zivomerezi wa malo erection ndipo m'mbuyomu zaka zambiri, chodabwitsa ndi chodabwitsa awa zipilala za chikhalidwe wakale n'zosadabwitsa bwino anapulumutsidwa.

Asayansi kuti m'mbuyomu pa dera la mapiramidi la Iguputo zinali zambiri, koma ... Koma kenako Aroma. Lamulo loyamba la Rome - zambiri misewu yabwino! Pajatu ndi yabwino kuponya magulu atsopano! Kotero kuti mbali ina ya piramidi "pakati poshiba" akhala chuma cha omanga Roma msewu. Lero, alendo ndi anthu am'deralo, amene kugwiritsira ntchito misewu wakale, "knead pansi" zotsalira za nyumba wakale!

Woyamba wa mapiramidi ndi zaka zake

N'zosatheka kukambirana ndi zaka mapiramidi, sanali kunena za nthawi pamene woyamba dongosolo amenewa anamangidwira ku Egypt. Akukhulupirira kuti izo zinachitika zikwi zisanu zapitazo, ndipo yomanga inayamba pa njira imene farao Djoser. Ndi mu zaka zikwi zisanu, ndi pafupifupi zaka okwana mapiramidi a mu Igupto. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, iye anali kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga wotchuka Imhotep. "Womanga" Iye anali wabwino kwambiri kuti patapita zaka zambiri Aiguputo oyamikira ngakhale anafa.

Kusamalira achibale

Nthawi imeneyo dera yomanga anali yaikulu - 545 kwa 278 meters. Kukafika kutsogolo kwa nyumba imeneyi imateteza khoma kutalika kamodzi mamita khumi, chomwe chidachitika yomweyo ... 14 zipata za chimene awa okha. Kuwonjezera yekha, Djoser analamula kuti kusamalira pambuyo moyo wa m'banja lawo, pakuti omanga okonzeka 11 zipinda zina manda ang'onoang'ono.

Djoser Piramidi sikuti ankaona akale kwambiri ku Iguputo, komanso wapadera kwambiri chifukwa m'mbali mwake ndi "makwerero" omwe Tingaone pa nyumba pakati pa Yucatán. Search pano lachinsinsi mwangozi Sikuti, monga m'nkhani ino ndiponso zina, monga dongosolo ndi tanthauzo wopatulika, zokhudza inalowa mwa mkuru kumwamba.

Kodi akale nyumba pa Giza Plateau?

Akukhulupirira kuti zaka mapiramidi pa Giza yachonde ndi zaka 4.5 zikwi. Koma ndi nyumba zambiri chibwenzi mavuto, monga iwo pang'ono kumangidwanso, nachiritsidwa, chifukwa chake radiocarbon kusanthula mayankho enieni mwamtheradi sangapereke. Onse a piramidi, mwina anamanga mu nthawi ya Ufumu Old - kuzungulira 2300 BC. e.

Mpaka lero, zisungidwe mapiramidi Egypt 80, ndiwo anthu okongola kwambiri zimene zinatsala pambuyo mafumu chachinayi. Koma kuyambira nthawi zakale ndi zodabwitsa za dziko amaonedwa kukhala atatu okha. maina awo amadziwika onse - piramidi wa Cheops, Khafre ndi Menkaure. Age piramidi wa Cheops ndi ena awiri - zikwi zinayi amene sangakhoze kulephera kudabwa.

Mexico piramidi

Mexico piramidi - ndi mofanana chidwi ndi otchuka chipilala kuti zomangamanga anthu ndi ntchito amazipanga zovuta. Iwo akadali Timasangalalanso aliyense amene anaona iwo, ndipo kokha pa nthawi ya kudziwika koyamba anali kakhumi apamwamba!

Anamanga Aaziteki, Toltecs, Maya ndi ena South America mtundu. Asayansi zina zovuta kwambiri kumvetsetsa zonse izi "vinaigrette", kuyambira pafupifupi onse mwa zinthu zolembedwa mbewu izi anawonongedwa pa Spanish kugonjetsa. Koma nanga m'badwo wa mapiramidi, omwe adamangidwa makolo a anthu masiku ano Latin America? Choyamba, muyenera pang'ono bwino mbiri ya anthu amene ankakhala kuno.

Ambiri bwino asangalala chitukuko Cuicuilco pano. The pachimake pa ulamuliro wake pazipita kwa nyengo kuyambira mu 1500 mpaka 200 BC. Zimene tikulankhula za izi? chakuti yaikulu komanso chidwi Cuicuilco piramidi inamangidwa nthawi iyi (kum'mwera kwa Mexico City). Komanso, zomangamanga ndi wapadera, monga-gawo mtanda wake ... kuzungulira, kupsa mwangwiro mu malo ozungulira.

Kodi aiwala piramidi wa Cuicuilco?

Koma asayansi apeza si nthawi yomweyo. Pamene kumayambiriro a m'nthawi yathu ino anali zotupa zazikulu Shitle, wapadera malo ofufuzirako zinthu zakale kwathunthu m'manda pansi wosanjikiza phulusa, chiphalaphala ndi tuff. Only mu 1917, pamene zafukulidwa ndi pofukula, asayansi mwangozi anapeza piramidi iyi.

Kuphulika kwa phiri lomwelo kutha chitukuko cha chitukuko m'chigawo, ndi chifukwa misewu zina zazikulu anapezeka pano. Ngati ife kulankhula za kuzindikira pano, mwasiya anthu a malo awa akhala "maziko" a anthu a Teotihuacan, amene Anamanga manda awo.

Mapiramidi a mitundu ina

Teotihuacan chitukuko kunayamba 200 BC. Yemweyo pafupifupi zaka mapiramidi m'chigawochi. fuko lino wakhalapo kwa chaka 700 AD. malo iwo asankha okha, lomwe pano padziko lonse. Teotihuacan. Mwa njira, ndi dzina la Aaziteki, amene anabwera kuno mu zaka chikwi. Monga dera limeneli linkatchedwa poyambirira, lero ife sitikudziwa. Choncho pamene akhala ankamanga mapiramidi otchuka kuti lero kuzandima m'maganizo?

Chimodzimodzi amene ankapanga, tsopano si bwino: kaya anthu a Teotihuacan yokha, kapena kubwera mu malo ake Aaziteki. Yotsirizira anali nthano kuti mapiramidi zitatu zazikulu kwenikweni anamanga zimphona. Choncho, malo atatu. Atatu mapiramidi: Sun, Moon ndi Quetzalcoatl. Otsiriza, poyamba, ali okongola kwambiri ndi otchuka. Akukhulupirira kuti iwo anamanga kwinakwake m'chigawo cha 500 BC. e.

Nchifukwa chake mzinda linasiyidwa?

Kotero kuti zaka mapiramidi mu Giza zambiri. Ambiri mwina, chiyambi cha zipilala wakale wa zomangamanga m'madera izi zinali zambiri, koma chinthu chonsecho losokonezeka mapiri. Pansi nkhungu wosanjikiza chiphalaphala mwina amabisa zambiri zosangalatsa, koma n'zokayikitsa tidzakhala izo. zofukulidwa sikumatha komanso akusonyeza kuti pomanga mzinda zinachitikadi pa akamaliza okhwima kwambiri ndi zomveka dongosolo. Asayansi amati anthu a mumzindawo mwa anthu 200 zikwi! Ndipo - ngakhale pamaso pa chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ino!

Mzinda ndi mbali ya mapiramidi lero "ankaimba" monga mtundu wina wa masoka achilengedwe ndi magulu chikhalidwe, pamene ambiri osauka chabe kutopa kupirira mwankhanza nthawi kuwonjezeka ya anthu otchuka apamwamba. City Teotihuacan anali barbarously agwidwa ndi kuwonongedwa. Koma onse malingaliro - kwambiri maganizo, popeza palibe umboni nkhanza anapezeka, ndipo looting, ndiye izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi aliyense. Ngati mzinda pazifukwa zina anaponyedwa chala akhoza ndi mitundu yoyandikana nayo. Iwo N'zoonekeratu zapita chotero "chokoma" chidutswa.

ndi kusiyana Aigupto ndi Mexico mapiramidi chiyani?

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ali pafupifupi ofanana, ndipo motero zimaika patsogolo osiyana (malinga ndi mlingo wa absurdity) ziphunzitso za akuthawa chiwonongeko Atlanta ndi "ana kumwamba", koma si choncho. Ofanana mapiramidi la Iguputo ndi Mexico yekha mu maonekedwe (ndipo ngakhale ndiye ndi), koma china chirichonse iwo zambiri kusiyana.

Choyamba, mu Igupto, nyumba awa anali yosalala kwathunthu, pamene Aaziteki, ndi Toltecs ndi Maya anamanga mapazi awo poyambirira. Chachiwiri, piramidi Farao ankaona yekha ngati malo wogoneka kumavuto chidziko, ndipo mu Mexico piramidi ntchito basi monga akachisi, ndipo anakhalapo kumeneko wamagazi kwambiri nsembe mwambo.

kusiyana ena

Chachitatu, maofesi pamwamba mu America South - kwathunthu mosabisa, chifukwa ndi pamene ansembe anayamba kugwira ntchito zawo wamagazi. Komanso, alinso malo ena owonjezera, monga nthawi kuchita ntchito ya mpingo ndi "slaughterhouse" osakaniza. Ndipotu, pamwamba ndi piramidi Aigupto akhoza kukwera, koma pali chinthu chosatheka kuchita chifukwa chosowa banal m'mlengalenga.

Chachinayi, m'badwo wa mapiramidi Mayan ndi Aigupto. Mu Mexico, pafupifupi onse a nyumba amenewa anamangidwira pa chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ino, pamene manda a Farao ndi anamanga kwa zaka zitatu ndi zikwi zinayi BC.

Fans mfundo chiwembu anganene kuti onse - kanthu, chifukwa khalidwe lalikulu la nyumba izi, mwachitsanzo mawonekedwe pyramidal, m'zochitika zonse ali chimodzimodzi. Koma izi si mkangano, chifukwa njira zimenezi zikuchitika mu chirengedwe, ndi mpata wa zaka zikwi zingapo, akuti kuti Toltecs kapena Mayans okha afika mawonekedwe yabwino kwambiri akachisi awo.

Kodi Mzimuyo ndi zaka mapiramidi?

Popeza sayansi ndiyo zaka mapiramidi la Iguputo ndi Mexico, "banja"? Kuchokera pa radiocarbon chibwenzi, amene ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mwakhama yekha mu 1984. Ngakhale egyptologists ankafufuza zitsanzo osachepera 64 zinthu organic a mapiramidi. Miyezo wasonyeza kuti ambiri a nyumba pa Giza yachonde anali zaka 400 wamkulu kuposa mmene ankaganizira poyamba. Komabe, ena mwa iwo anali wamkulu kuposa "yekha" zaka 120, koma zikhoza kukhala kwambiri.

Pambuyo pake, mapiramidi a Giza, m'badwo umene kunapezeka kuti zambiri "chipembedzo" makhalidwe kukhala kwambiri kukopa ofufuza kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko. Koma mkangano waukulu zokhudza nyumba izi mfundo izi si ozizira.

Choncho, izo kukhazikika bwino kuti Great Piramidi inamangidwa pamaso 2985 BC. e. Izi zaka zisanu yaitali kuposa mmene ankaganizira poyamba pamaso! Komabe, izi ndi kale zokwanira kutsutsa Baibulo la "Atlanta, anamanga nyumba kwa zikwizikwi zaka yathu ino." Age mapiramidi kwa Farao zinali zambiri wodzichepetsa. Tikumbukenso kuti ngakhale pamaso pa kusanthula radiocarbon kuika Ofufuza mafunso angapo latsopano.

Choncho kale amadziwika kuti Khafre piramidi inamangidwa kwinakwake m'chigawo cha 2960 Izi zimapangitsa chifukwa n'zomveka kukhulupirira kuti kumanga ake zinachitikadi pafupifupi imodzi ndi "Cheops". Ndi zotheka kuti anali kuipidwa osiyana nyumba awiri, amene kumanga zingatikhumudwitse ndi m'dzanja la Farao. Ndi zabwinobwino ilo adati piramidi wa Menkaure anamangidwira kwinakwake mu zaka 50 ...

Koma kusanthula radiocarbon anasonyeza kuti inamangidwa palibe kale kuposa 2572 BC. e. Izi pafupifupi zaka 400 pasanafike tsiku kuyembekezera! Komanso, mu 1984, akatswiri anapeza kuti wotchuka masinfikisi inamangidwa 2416 BC. e. Mwachidule, patapita zonse zaka zisanu pambuyo piramidi wa Khafre! Koma mbiri yakale yaitali ankaganiza kuti zinthu ziwiri adamangidwa motsatira ...

Mtima womwewo ndi zaka mapiramidi Mayan. Ndipo mu nkhani iyi mavuto alionse sizinali pafupifupi, monga anthu a mzinda uno asiyidwa, ndipo kumalizidwa kwa kubwezeretsa palibe wina anachita, ndipo chotero chifukwa cha radiocarbon chibwenzi zinali zambiri yeniyeni.