Ali India. Location of Ancient India

Chikhalidwe cha India ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zokongola ndi chosiyana mu dziko. The zosiyanasiyana ziphunzitso zauzimu ndi nzeru zaumunthu, zomangamanga wakale, okongola kukopa. Akufuna kukaona malo kumene India - Dziko la otchedwa Vedas wakale. Ndi dziko limene kukongola ndi ulemerero wa makachisi ndi zodabwitsa, ndi nyimbo ndi matsenga m'mlengalenga kumizidwa mu dziko la chinsinsi ndi zimamvekera.

India pa map

Ali India pa mapu a dziko lapansi? Mwachirengedwe, dziko ndi pafupi Asia South ndipo ali ndi mbali yaikulu ya India. India ali zambiri anansi - mayiko. Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa dziko malire ndi Pakistan ndi Afghanistan. Mu kumpoto, kum'mawa - ndi China, Nepal ndi Bhutan. malire a m'mayiko a Chinese ndi yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo chikuchitika pa waukulu Himalaya ranges. Kum'mawa izo malire ndi mayiko a Bangladesh ndi Myanmar. Maritime malire kumwera chakumadzulo kwa India ali ndi Maldives kumwera - ndi Sri Lanka ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa - ndi Indonesia.

M'dera la dziko ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo ndi miliyoni 3.3 sq. M. Km. Kummawa, kumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa chilumbachi ndi kusamba ndi Bay la Bengal ndi Arabia Nyanja Laccadive. Major mitsinje ya India - ndi Ganges, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Indus, ndizina Krishna, Sabarmati.

Popeza gawo dziko amakhala ndi chachikulu, zimachititsa chilumbachi osiyana, nyengo ndi m'madera osiyana - osiyana.

Kodi India, yokutidwa ndi chipale? Kumpoto kwa dziko ndi HimalayasI - mmodzi wa ranges apamwamba phiri. Apa nsonga ya mapiri ndi zigwa okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Kummawa ndi chigwa cha Ganges. Mu kum'mawa ndi pakati pa dziko ndi m'mayiko a Gangetic Plain, kumadzulo izo adjoins ndi Thar chipululu.

Dzina la boma

Ali India, dzina lake linasinthidwa kangapo? Kale izo ankatchedwa "dziko la Aryans", "Brahmins dziko", "dziko la Ziyoni." Dzina la makono a dziko, India likuchokera ku dzina la Indus Mtsinje, mawu 'Sindhu', lotembenuzidwa kuchokera Persian akale amatanthauza "mtsinje". Dziko lili ndi dzina chachiwiri, Chisansikiriti zikumveka ngati Bharat. Dzina limeneli chikugwirizana ndi zochitika za wakale mfumu Indian, amene akambidwa mu Mahabharata. Hindustan - dziko lachitatu dzina, ntchito ndi nthawi ya Mughal Ufumu, koma udindo boma wakhala apatsidwa. The Republic of India - dzina lovomerezeka la dziko, izo anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XIX.

India wakale

M'dera limene panali India wakale, anabadwa mmodzi wa chitukuko yakale kwambiri mu dziko. Mbiri yake zikuphatikizapo Mmasiku awiri. The choyamba - nyengo ya chitukuko Harappan, anayamba chitukuko mu chigwa cha Indus Mtsinje. Chachiwiri nyengo - chitukuko Aryan, pamodzi ndi zikamera ku zigwa za Ganges ndi Indus mafuko Aryan.

Chitukuko Harappan anali malo waukulu mumzinda wa Harappa (masiku ano Pakistan) ndi Mohenjo-Daro ( "Hill a Akufa"). chitukuko mlingo anali amphamvu kwambiri, zikuonekera bwino ndi kumanga mizinda ndi wochepa mawonekedwe ndi m'ngalande dongosolo. kulemba mwatsatanetsatane chikhalidwe luso ali kusanduka pulasitiki towerengeka; mafano yaing'ono, zisindikizo ndi reliefs. Koma chikhalidwe harapskaya anakana izi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, kusefukira kwa madzi mtsinje ndi miliri.

Pambuyo chitukuko Harappan inatha linakhalapo mu Ganges ndi Indus Valley anabwera mafuko Aryan. maonekedwe awo adauzira moyo watsopano mu Indian mtundu. Popeza nthawi limayamba m'mayiko a Aryan nthawi.

Chinthu chachikulu, analengedwa ndi Aryans nyengo, anali gulu la malemba - otchedwa Vedas. zinalembedwa chinenero Vedic - wamkulu mawonekedwe a Chisansikiriti.

Otchedwa Vedas ali ndi mfundo za moyo wonse wa Amwenye wakale ndipo ali maziko a chikhalidwe chauzimu cha dziko.

Culture of Ancient India

M'dera limene ndi India - malo a chiyambi ndi chitukuko cha ziphunzitso chipembedzo ndi nzeru za anthu. The chikhalidwe cha dziko wakale umakhudza zinsinsi za chilengedwe. Kuyambira kale, anthu kufunsa mafunso wa chilengedwe chonse, kuyesera kuti kumasulira tanthauzo la moyo. A malo apadera wotanganidwa ndi ziphunzitso za anati yoga, kumene kudziletsa kumiza mu dziko la moyo wa munthu. Wapadera chikhalidwe akali chakuti nyimbo ndi kuvina ndi mnzawo wa Mulimonse kapena zochitika. Umunthu ndi kuchuluka chikhalidwe kwakukulukulu anayamba chifukwa chakuti iwo anali nawo mapangidwe anthu wamba ndi atsopano.

Culture of Ancient India limatchula nthawi kuchokera pakati pa III Zakachikwi BC. ndi kuti VI. BC

Mamangidwe a nthawi ino ali makhalidwe yake. Palibe wakale Indian chikhalidwe chipilala ali sanapulumuke. Iwo amayamba ndi chakuti nyumbayi zidutswa za nthawi imene anali mtengo amene sanapulumuke kuti nthawi yathu. Ndipo kuyambira III. BC pomanga ndi kuyamba ntchito mwala. Kamangidwe nyumba ya nthawi imeneyi anapulumuka. Chipembedzo chachikulu cha nthawi iyi anali Chibuda, choncho anamangapo nyumba khalidwe: ndi stupa, Stambha, mphanga akachisi.

Culture of Ancient India mu mbiri ya dziko lapansi amatenga malo ofunika. Iye anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa chitukuko onse a m'dziko.

Agra

Mzinda wa Agra linakhazikitsidwa m'nthawi XV. Iwo lili a mtsinjewo Yamuna. mzinda wa Agra ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ndi kusochera, muyenera mapu. Kodi nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mughal India, kuwauza wakale mpanda. Mu likulu la Mughal Ufumu anali zachifumu zambiri, m'mapaki ndi okongola kwambiri.

Agra - mzinda wakale wa impregnated mtundu dziko. Apa mutha kuona ndi kuphunzira miyambo ya anthu Indian, Scott mu dziko la zakudya, kugula alendo anapangidwa Florence zithunzi njira - Pietra Dura, yomwe ndi luso dziko kuyambira nthawi ya Mughals.

Center Agra Mofanana ndi mizinda yambiri Indian, ndi msika waukulu. mzinda ndi imodzi yaikulu mu zonse Asia spa, Kaya Kalp.

Taj Mahal

Mmodzi wa zodabwitsa isanu ndi iwiri ya dziko ali ndi India. Taj Mahal, kumene mausoleum wa munthu wa mkazi wokondedwa kwambiri wa Shah Jahan - Mumtaz Mahal, ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zokopa za Agra. Similar dongosolo mapulani sikunachitike mu zaka 400 zapitazi.

Taj Mahal - chipilala cha chikondi Hindi amatanthauza "Korona wa Nyumba." Iye anali mphatso otsiriza wokondedwa wake. yachifumu inamangidwa mu '22, izo ncho nsangalabwi 300 Km. Makoma a m'manda ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi Zithunzi za miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi semiprecious, koma pamene ankaona chapatali, mtundu chimaoneka choyera mausoleum. The kufanana ndi dongosolo langwiro. Ngakhale kuti iye anakana minarets - si mwangozi. Izi zachitika kuonetsetsa kuti likhoza ndi minarets chivomezi sanagwe pa mausoleum lapansi.

Taj Mahal - ngale ya chikhalidwe Indian, amene Zoonadi chikondi ndi chuma cha Mughal mfumu Shah Jahan.