Amazing ndi wapadera Altai dera. Chikhalidwe cha m'mbali - ndi malo apadera pa dziko

Altai - mfundo zovuta. Mbaliyi Altai mapiri, Altai Republic ndi Altai Gawo. Chikhalidwe cha mesmerizing ndi kukongola kwake, kukopa alendo padziko lonse.

Tiyeni tione mfundo "Altai"

Mwachirengedwe ndi Altai - ndi lalikulu pakati pa Asia. Iwo lili m'dera la mayiko anayi okha (Russia, China, Kazakhstan ndi Mongolia). dzina Common - Altai dera. Chikhalidwe cha mabacteria yosiyanasiyana nyengo lili monga nayonso, steppe nkhalango, steppe ndi mapiri.

Kumbali ya utsogoleri magawano mwa malo lotseguka dziko lathu, malowa lagawidwa nzika 2 Akuluakulu a ku Russian - Altai Republic ndi likulu lake mu mzinda wa Gorno-Altaisk ndi Altai dera, amene likulu ndi mzinda wa Barnaul.

Choncho, mfundo dera Altai akhoza kunena kuti utsogoleri unit wa boma, komanso chapadera zachilengedwe m'dera pa dziko. Nkhani akambirana za malo achilengedwe.

dera Altai

Nature wa dera ndi yosiyanasiyana. alili lagawidwa:

• Plain, yomwe ili mbali ya kumadzulo ndi chapakati cha likhale m'mphepete mwa West Siberia Plateau.
• Mapiri, agwilitse kumpoto, kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa derali. Amazipanga kukongola chikhalidwe cha Altai. Russia - Dziko amene m'gawo ndi mbali yaikulu ya okwera. Nsonga ya mapiri pamodzi kutalika lonse ndi kutalika kwa 500 4500 m.

Pa mbali mosabisa ndi steppe ndi steppe. Mu zigwa za mapiri ndi pa malo okwera phokoso coniferous ndi nkhalango deciduous.

Padziko m'mphepete mwa utuluke mitsinje yambiri, ambiri mwa iwo ndi waukulu koma chokongoletsedwa ndi mathithi kwabasi. The madzi chachikulu - ndi Katun Mtsinje (makilomita 688 yaitali) ndi Bia (kutalika 280 km), amene anayambitsa mtsinjewu ob. zinthu za m'madzi ankatsogoleranso nyanja yambiri 20 chikwi. Kwambiri chidwi - Teletskoye - zapamwamba chachikulu cha madzi abwino, phiri nyanja Aya, dziwe wopatulika Dzhulukul.

Altai Mountains - dongosolo zovuta kwa zitunda, lili ndi m'mapanga, m'zigwa ndi ovuta ndi atapachikidwa oundana. Chapamwamba gawo Altaian mapiri - pachimake kutalika Beluha 4506 m.

Biota

Altai dera, chikhalidwe m'mbali zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa dziko nyama. Dera anthu zimbalangondo bulauni, agologolo, chipmunks, sable, otter, wolverine, nkhandwe, afisi, mphalapala musk, mphalapala, nkhosa phiri, mbuzi, anyalugwe chisanu, ferrets, mphaka manul, ngakhale mphalapala, ndi agwape. Zoposa 100 mitundu ya nyama ndi zokwawa, zomwe zambiri ndiotetezedwa analembedwa Red Book. Oposa 260 mitundu ya mbalame m'madera awa: Rock Ptarmigan, Golden mphungu, Mphamba, ndipo kadzidzi ndi mphungu kadzidzi, mbalame, wovina-heaters ndi ena.

Zinyama ukufanizidwa ndi mtundu wa mitengo monga larch, spruce, paini, Oil, birch, Aspen, popula, ndi ena. Mfundo - mkungudza.

Mu zone steppe wa mwiniwakeyo zomera wapatali mankhwala, monga Marin muzu, valerian, makhalidwe abwino, Adonis masika, Kuril tiyi, golide muzu, ginseng, nyanja buckthorn, kavalo chotchezera, edelweiss.

Altai zokopa

"Gold Mountain" zochuluka malo kwabasi, ena mwa iwo ndi wapadera chikhalidwe. Pano pali gulu yekha mu nkhalango dziko - wapadera chipilala cha chikhalidwe cha Altai Gawo.

M'dera Altai anakhazikitsa 33 nkhokwe chilengedwe zomwe zatenga 5% za gawolo. Iwo apangidwa kuti ateteze malo apadera zodabwitsa ndi wapadera maofesi kwachilengedwenso anthu nyama kawirikawiri ndi kukula zomera wapadera. M'madera ambiri ndi maonekedwe oyambirira ndi osafikiridwa ndi chitukuko.

Malo ambiri okongola ndi chidwi wa Altai Gawo anatchedwa UNESCO cholowa malo. Pakati pawo - ndi Park "Altai" ndi Nyanja Teletskoye, ndi Katun Nature Reserve, chikhalidwe paki pa phiri la Belukha ndi a Ukok Plateau. Malo okwana m'dera kulondera - miliyoni 1,64 ha ..

Altai Mapanga - chirengedwe china zodabwitsa za chilengedwe

Pakati lofunika kwambiri:

• Geophysical - mmodzi wa mapanga wokongola kwambiri wa Altai Gawo. Kutalika ndi 500 m, amapita kwambiri mu thanthwe pa 130 m. Chidwi "Royal mainsail" 4-mita stalactites ndi stalagmites.
• Denisova Cave - mmodzi wa chidwi kwambiri mfundo za sayansi view. Pali nthawi yaitali, zakhala imachitika zofukulidwa m'mabwinja. Iwo anaphunzira kwa zigawo 20 chikhalidwe, akale amene ali ndi zaka za m'ma 300 zikwi. Zaka.
• Environmental - phanga ali dzenje lakuya ku Siberia - 340 m, m'phanga kutalika - oposa 2 Km.
• Tavdinsky - kukongola zachilendo kudutsa mu makonde ndi arches wa nthumbi wotchedwa zachilengedwe ofunika kwambiri m'dziko.
• Altaiskaya - ali akuya 240 m, m'litali ndi za 2.5 Km. Chidwi chifukwa mu kuya kwa cavers phanga anapeza nyanja ndi mitundu wapadera ndi ngale calcite phanga.