Ammudzi Social: zake tanthauzo, kapangidwe, kufunika

Society sotsiokulturnuju akuimira lathunthu zochitika ongokhala ambiri subsystems. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi gulu chikhalidwe. mudzi zikutanthauza gulu la anthu amene ali ndi chinachake omwewo (mwachitsanzo, zofuna, zolinga kapena zolinga). Anthu akubwera palimodzi mu mudzi, kawirikawiri ndi maganizo ofanana za moyo, kusewera anthu ofanana zokhuza chikhalidwe chawo.

Choncho, tikhoza kunena kuti m'deralo chikhalidwe - Kutolere anthu anthu, ogwirizana ndi chofanana wa moyo, ndi zinthu zomwezo, mfundo ndi akudziwa awo adzadziwire chikhalidwe. Zifukwa yobweretsa anthu pamodzi kungakhale: mogwirizana kwambiri ndi mzake, ntchito okwana kuzindikira za kufanana kwa zokonda, chikhalidwe chake, anapanga pamaziko a maganizo ofanana za cholinga a dera lino, mfundo za makhalidwe abwino, etc., pamaso pa wodzilamulira.

zingapo akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti madera chikhalidwe ndi magulu nthawi zambiri chiyani osadzuka zokha. mfundo inayake ya anachokera mfundo American J. Homans, amakhulupirira kuti anthu kucheza ndi mzake, akuyesera kuti apindule ubwino ena. The zofunika kwambiri anapatsidwa phindu, khama kwambiri pamafunika munthu kuyandikira kwa anthu ena, amene bwanji ndi chidwi. Mawu osavuta, monga mwa Katswiri American, anthu analumikizana ndi kupanga gulu ndi anthu ammudzi pofuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chinachake.

Dera chikhalidwe angakhale osiyana ndi cholinga zina za maphunziro ake, ndi kupanga maganizo. Mitundu ya mayanjano la anthu amasiyana pa malo awa:

- Nthawi aliko: kwa mphindi zochepa (omvera a msonkhano konsati holo) kwa zaka lonse (payokha anatengedwa mtundu);

- zikuchokera anthu awo constituent anthu awiri mpaka zikwi zingapo (mamembala a gulu ena);

- kachulukidwe kugwirizana oimira zikuluzikulu kwambiri cohesive timu (ofesi ndodo) kuti amorphous kwambiri, nkomwe zimavuta formations (mafani mpira).

Akatswiri kusiyanitsa chinthu monga gulu misa, anthu zizindikilo za ndizo

- Kusakhazikika kukhalapo;

- heterogeneity wa zikuchokera anthu ake constituent, ndikosatheka kudziwa kuchuluka enieni;

- opareshoni pa maziko a ntchito ndi sangaonekerenso kunja.

Mwachitsanzo, misa m'dera chikhalidwe akhoza kubweretsa mafani wina Pop nyenyezi, masewera mafani kalabu, mamembala mayanjano zosiyanasiyana. Fuko mbadwa za ku New Guinea, mtundu payekha, mtundu, khamu la zionetsero pafupi utsogoleli wa kampani komanso ndi chachikulu madera chikhalidwe.

A malo apadera pakati pa mabungwe ena amatenga fuko - chopereka cha anthu amene amakhala nthawi yaitali mu dera, ndi khola mwini chikhalidwe, yodziwika ndi manyazi, kuti amadziwa kusiyana kwake ndi mayanjano zina zofanana. Tsankho m'dera aumbike, monga ulamuliro, pa maziko a okwana m'dera dziko moyo, kumapanga chikhalidwe zonse zofunikira mogwirizana anthu ndi mzake. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, monga mtundu m'dera chikhalidwe kale anapanga, mbali limakhala la kufunika sekondale, kapena ngakhale kutaya tanthauzo lake. Anthu amene amagwirizana monga mtundu makamaka, angakhale mu ngodya zosiyanasiyana za dziko lapansi, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, kumbukirani ndi kulemekeza miyambo ya gulu mtundu, anakhazikitsa kuti maholide awo ndipo iwo amatsatira malamulo a khalidwe.

Socialization munthu N'zosatheka mogwirizana ake ndi anthu ena a mtundu wa anthu. Aliyense wa ife amakhala osiyana, Sikuli kwa munthu, koma madera angapo chikhalidwe. Munthu kunja kwa anthu ikutha kumverera ngati munthu, amakhala ngati wakunja.