Asafe feteleza. nitrate ammonium

Ammonium nitrate ali nawo mu gulu yofunika kwambiri nitrogenous feteleza. Asafe amachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mbewu. mankhwala ali m'gulu zikuchokera wotchedwa chlorophyll, chomwe ndi acceptor mapuloteni ndi mphamvu dzuwa, chimene chili chofunika yomanga ya selo lamoyo.

Zomera amatha kudya yekha omangidwa asafe mu mawonekedwe a amides, salt ammonium, ku feteleza. The mlingo wochepa wa zinthu aumbike mwa machitidwe a tizilombo nthaka. Tikumbukenso kuti ulimi wamakono sangaonekerenso popanda oyamba zina fetereza asafe gulu, omwe ndi ochokera ku mafakitale kumangako mumlengalenga asafe. Zosakaniza m'gulu gulu zosiyana Chrixitu mu mawonekedwe a pawiri gawo boma (madzi kapena olimba). Secrete physiologically zamchere ndi feteleza acidic.

Ammonium nitrate, amene chilinganizo NH ₄ NO _3, ndi woyera crystalline mankhwala, zomwe limapangidwa peresenti sate-faifi wa asafe mu nitrate ndi mawonekedwe ammonium. Onse mitundu izi mosavuta chosakanikirana ndi zomera. A ammonium nitrate granular ntchito lalikulu zedi patsogolo ntchito yobzala ndi monga kuvala pamwamba. The aang'ono ndalama ndi ntchito popanga cha mabomba.

Ammonium nitrate akhoza kukhala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu A ndi B Mwachitsanzo, ntchito zolinga m'mafakitale zosakaniza zachiwawa (ammonal, Amoni).

Kwa kupanga feteleza ntchito ammonia ndi asidi nitric. Kulemera maselo a analandira pawiri 80.043 amu Koyera ammonium nitrate lili peresenti sikisite mpweya, wa hydrogen peresenti asanu ndi sate-faifi peresenti asafe (zosachepera makumi anayi peresenti mu luso mankhwala asafe kachigawo).

Malinga kutentha, pali asanu zosintha galasi la zinthu. Onse thermodynamically khola pa kuthamanga mumlengalenga. Pakuti aliyense kusinthidwa ali zenizeni zake kutentha dera ndi kusintha polymorphic kumaphatikizapo kusintha kapangidwe Krustalo, mayamwidwe kapena kumasulidwa kwa kutentha, kusintha mwadzidzidzi mu buku yeniyeni, mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito, mphamvu kutentha, ndi zina zotero. kusinthika kotereku amaonedwa enantiotropically - kusintha.

Ammonium nitrate ndi wothandizila oxidizing ndipo zimathandiza kuyaka. Ngati kumene ikukhudzana kuwonongeka mankhwala sangathe momasuka kuchotsedwa, mankhwala akhoza detonate (zoopsa) akamaziwononga.

Atadziŵa kutentha kukwezeka (mazana awiri ndi khumi - madigiri mazana makumi awiri) danga chatsekedwa, amoniya amasonkhana, ndende asidi nitric ndi adatchithisira. Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali kuchepa kwambiri kuwonongeka anachita. Matenthedwe kuwonongeka pafupifupi sasiya. Atadziŵa kutentha kwakukulu, makutidwe ndi okosijeni zambiri mofulumira amoniya, zimene ali anapeza mankhwala umayamba kuyenda ndi mathamangitsidwe ndithu. Komanso zimachititsa inaphulika.