Big makumi (G20): zikuchokera. Big makumi Mayiko

Big makumi - bungwe limene ambiri anamva. Chili 20 chuma kiyi wa dzikoli, m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi itithandiza kulankhula za mbiri ya Association, zolinga zake ndiponso zofunika kuchita, komanso asapita Russia ndi anthu ena Forum izi.

G20 Chaka Education akuti ndi 1999 TH. Kuyambira mu 2008, gulu magwiridwe misonkhano anthu ake. Chidwi makamaka mu mabungwe anachititsa penultimate - Brisbane Summit. Big makumi izo akuyesera kuthetsa mavuto zikuluzikulu.

G20: chiyambi

Big makumi (kapena yochepa - G20) ndi bungwe lonse la padziko lonse. Izo nawo yaikulu ya chuma padzikoli.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti zikuchokera yoyambirira ya Big makumi m'gulu 20 limati ndi 33 Komabe, patapita chaka, mu 1999, chiwerengero cha ophunzira Forum zochepa alipidwa makumi awiri lero. ngati iwo adzakhala pa zaka kudza - palibe aliyense akudziwa.

Mtundu wa kutsogolera kwa mapangidwe G20 anali mavuto azachuma 1998, amene yokutidwa lonse la Asia East. Ndipo zotsatira za vutolo anamva pafupifupi dziko lonse. Komabe, wathandizira osewera akutsogola mapu dziko ndale kuzindikira kufunika kwa kulenga mphamvu padziko lonse kuti chingalepheretse zina zofanana mavuto a zachuma. Ndipo bungwe amenewa unakhazikitsidwa - anali Big twente.

G20: ndi zolinga

Zonse, kukula azilandira chuma mapulaneti - izi ndi postulates waukulu ndi cholinga chachikulu cha bungweli. Ndipo ndi kuwonjezeka khola ayenera kunakhudza popanda mayiko kupatulapo dziko.

Mu G20 chimango anthu ake akuyesetsa kupeza njira mokwanira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavuto apakhungu:

• Mu njira zomwe zili zabwino ziziyenda kukula kwa zachuma.
• Kodi kukhala zidzawonongedwa chuma ndi chikhalidwe.
• Kodi kuonetsetsa chitetezo chakudya cha m'mayiko osauka.
• Kodi ndingatani kuthetsa zingapo m'deralo ndi mikangano dera.
• Kodi "apulumutse" zachilengedwe a dziko lathuli, ndi zina zotero. D.

A zambiri khama ndiponso mphamvu nthawi dziko Big twente, ndipo kupeza njira yothetsera vuto la chivundi. Iwo nawo m'madera ambiri ndi mapulogalamu oyamba.

Ndithudi, izo sizingakhoze kugwira ntchito za G20 ndi opanda gawo akuwadzudzula. Nthawi zambiri, bungwe mlandu chosowa chilungamo zinthu, komanso mamembala ochepa kwambiri Forum amene anayesetsa kuthetsa nkhani zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse.

Big twente: mndandanda wa maiko

G20 mayiko Forum - ndi:

• 58% ya m'dera lonse;
• 60% ya anthu onse padziko lapansi;
• 85% ya onse malonda dziko.

M'munsimu muli onse a dziko Big makumi (amene ali mamembala a kucheza ndi tsiku):

1. Canada.
2. US.
3. Mexico.
4. Brazil.
5. Argentina.
6. South Africa.
7. Great Britain.
8. France.
9. Italy.
10. Germany.
11. Russia.
12. Turkey.
13. Saudi Arabia.
14. China.
15. India.
16. Japan.
17. Korea South.
18. Indonesia.
19. Australia.

Kutanthauzira a m'mayiko onse ali pamwambawa, mukhoza kuona pa mapu dziko pansipa. Ndizachidziwikire kuti mamembala G20 alipo m'maiko onse a dziko kupatula Antarctica.

Koma amene akusowa mu mndandanda G20? mamembala makumi awiri kwa pabwalo la akuti ndi European Union monga gulu. Komanso pamwamba pa makumi nthawi zambiri nawo akuluakulu a IMF, ndi World Bank ndi chapakati ku Ulaya. Izi chikwanire ya Big twente.

Summit wa makumi

Mawonekedwe chachikulu pa zochitika udachitikira G20. Big makumi ati misonkhano imeneyi pachaka. Chaka chilichonse, sankhani latsopano khamu dziko kwa udachitikira lotsatira. Malowa ali pamtunda ndi secretariat za bungwe.

Pamisonkhano imeneyi kubwera monga kulamulira, atsogoleri a boma (mapulezidenti ndi nduna zazikulu), komanso atumiki a mabungwe payekha. Woyamba G20 unachitikira mu 2008 ku likulu la US ndipo ankatchedwa odana ndi mavuto. N'zoonekeratu kuti takambirana njira kunja kwa chuma padziko lonse vuto la 2007-2008 zaka.

Big makumi akugwirizira mapiri ake kamodzi pa chaka (yekha mu 2009 ndi 2010 panali awiri). Nthawi zambiri, misonkhano imachitikira ku kugwa mu September kapena November. Mwina chidwi kwambiri pa mbiri ya kukhalapo otchedwa G20 Brisbane Summit 2014. Pa Tikambirana zina.

Musaganize kuti ntchito zonse za Forum yafupika yekha kwa bungwe likhale misonkhano pachaka. Pa nsonga lotsatira kukambirana umakondwera ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni kanthu, kukhazikitsa kenako akupitiriza ntchito ya magulu osiyanasiyana ndi mayunitsi opaleshoni.

G20 ndi Federation Russian

Funso ubale mu dongosolo la "Big makumi - Russia" zisakuyenda n'chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu padziko lonse.

Monga amadziwika, mu 2014, izo zizikhala umembala Russia mu gulu G8. Chifukwa cha Big Eyiti ali unatha ndipo wabwerera ku kukula wapachiyambi - ndi G7 gulu.

Posakhalitsa, mphekesera za dzikoli zimene zimapita kuti achotse Russia ku Big twente. Mwa ichi koposa zonse anali sachedwa Australia, limene liri tsiku pamaso amayenera kutenga udachitikira lotsatira Brisbane. Boma amawanena Russia zokhudza mwachindunji downed mwakwera ndege "Boeing MD 17" kudzulu pa kum'mawa Ukraine.

Komabe, pambuyo pokambirana yaitali pakati pa gulu Forum, ndi nthumwi Russian anali akadali anaitanidwa ku msonkhano mu mzinda wa ku Australia Brisbane. Uthenga waukulu nkhaniyi chinali osati Russia ku G20 zina mukhale kale kumva zinthu geopolitical mu dziko lero.

Big makumi ku Australia (Brisbane Summit)

Otchedwa udachitikira G20 Australia (2014) unachitikira Brisbane - miliyoni mzinda pa gombe kum'mawa kwa dzikoli. Atsogoleri a boma kuti pachikhalidwe nawo pa msonkhano wa pachaka wa Forum, umene unatenga masiku awiri: 15 ndi 16 November.

Nkhani yaikulu imene timakambirana inali nkhondo asilikali kum'mawa Ukraine, yomwe inayamba m'chaka cha chaka chomwecho. Komanso Mayiko anasamala mwapadera vuto wosatha wa chivundi. Pa msonkhano, kuwonjezera ku mitu ya limati 19, anali pano, ndi Herman Van Rompuy - Pulezidenti wa bungwe la European. Kukwaniritsa mu Australia pa chiyanjo cha dongosolo olowa kanthu.

mfundo zikuluzikulu ndi zotsatira za msonkhano G20 ku Brisbane

Brisbane Summit 2014 chinachitika ndi maziko a kulimbitsa ambiri geopolitical Kusakhazikika mu dziko. Choncho, mwa nkhani zikuluzikulu za msonkhano munaukitsidwa motere:

• ikupitiriza nkhondo ku Syria ndi mapangidwe LIH - latsopano zigawenga kuopseza dziko lonse;
• wozungulira watsopano escalation nkhondo Arab Israel;
• Nkhondo yogwira mu Donbas ndi zotheka njira kuthetsa mkangano;
• stagnation wa German ndi Chitaliyana chuma, zomwe kwakukulukulu zimadalira mtendere wa Union lonse European.

Komanso, udachitikira Brisbane ikufotokozedwanso vuto lonse kugwa mitengo "golide wakuda", ndipo kufunafuna njira kufala kwa Ebola.

Umene okwana anafika ndi gulu udachitikira chiyani? Chinthu chachikulu kuti anaganiza kuponya mphamvu zonse mu G20 chaka chamawa - ndi nkhani ya chitetezo dziko. Komanso, limati Big makumi Aika okha ntchito padziko lonse: kuonjezera ndi 2% ya GDP lonse (mpaka 2018). Kuti zimenezi zitheke, "mphamvu kuti" anakonzera kuwonjezera mpikisano mayiko ndi kuonjezera Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa ndalama ku ntchito zachuma.

Udachitikira G20 mu Antalya

Udachitikira watha Big makumi unachitikira Antalya, Turkey. Msonkhano wa atsogoleri a dziko chinachitika ndi limakhala wa Paris uchigawenga, amene dala kunena, anali pomwepo watsutsidwa. N'zoonekeratu kuti mfundo yaikulu ya msonkhano unali Turkey mayiko uchigawenga.

Jean-Klod Yunker anadzutsa pa msonkhano uno wina nkhani yovuta - nkhani othawa ku mabacteria zida nkhondo. Pa msonkhano wa zinali zodzaza ndi chopereka yaikulu Turkey ndi Russia polimbana ndi zigawenga gulu LIH. Wathunso ophunzira msonkhano ndi funso miyambo kwa G20 bwino chuma padziko lonse.

Monga amadziwika, udachitikira lotsatira Big makumi inyamuka pa dera la China.

Pomaliza

G20 Forum mayiko unakhazikitsidwa mu 1999 kugwirizanitsa kupeza njira zothetsera mavuto ambiri padziko lonse lapansi masiku ano. Poyamba, iwo anali anthu wamba atumiki munthu chokumanako. Koma pa nthawi Big makumi anakhazikitsa udachitikira lalikulu, lomwe anaitanidwa mutu wa limati otchuka dziko.

Pakali pano, zikuchokera kwa Big makumi zikuphatikizapo m'mayiko 19 ndipo gulu limodzi - European Union. Udachitikira otsiriza G20 unachitikira Antalya mu November 2015.