Chifukwa mu zakumwa mphamvu pamaso Analandira anawonjezera?

masiku moyo nthawi zonse kuchititsa kutopa wanu? Mukuona kuti palibe alibe nthawi, ndipo mulibe mphamvu kumaliza ntchito zonse? Mwina ndinu mmodzi mwa anthu mamiliyoni ogula amene amadalira mphamvu mwetulirani ndipo adzabweretsa zinthu zonse kuti mapeto.

Kutulukira Mu zaka zapitazo

Ngakhale zakumwa mphamvu angatchedwe chizindikiro cha nthawi yathu, osati Kutulukira meleniyamu yatsopano. Anthu kuwadalira, akuyesera kuti agonjetse kutopa, pakuti osachepera zaka za m'ma lomaliza. Today awo "mphamvu" kawirikawiri amabwera ku mtundu wa stimulator minyewa, zomwe zimachititsa ine ndikumverera amphamvu, ndi zina shuga wamba.

Koma panali nthawi imene zakumwa mphamvu kwenikweni zili weniweni nyukiliya mphamvu. The yogwira pophika mu zakumwa awa anali Analandira - chinthu nyukiliya yomwe amapangira ndalama yaikulu mphamvu cheza ndi kugwa kwa aliyense atomu. Ndipo ngakhale kugwirizana pakati pa kumwa zinthu nyukiliya, ndi zikamera mlandu mphamvu ndi Kusakhazikika chabwino, izo sanaletse anthu mu 1900s oyambirira, omwe ananyalanyaza kuopsa kudziwika ndi zotsatira thanzi kwa nthawi yaitali.

Zachilendo kukoma Analandira

Mmodzi mwa anthu amenewo mankhwala mphamvu munali Analandira anali RadiThor. Ndipotu, chakumwa mphamvu inkakhala Analandira kusungunuka m'madzi. Iwo anagulitsidwa mu 1920 mu mabotolo 30 ml. mtengo unali pafupifupi $ 1 (lofanana madola 15 m'chaka 2016). Mlengi amanena kuti chakumwa osati kupereka inu ndi mphamvu, komanso kuchiza matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo kusabala. Umboni wa phindu kwa moyo kugonana anthu sikokwanira, koma mmodzi pepala kafukufuku ananena kuti Analandira sitimadzipereka mu madzi angathe kuonjezera "chilakolako chogonana newts m'madzi." Kwa anthu ambiri nyengo patsogolo pa Kubwera kwa gondolosi umboni zinali zokwanira. RadiThor wopambana kwambiri pakati ogula.

A zimakupiza mphamvu zachilendo

Ogula wotchuka anali RadiThor Eben Byers - industrialist ku Pittsburgh golfer ndi ankachita masewera. Byers loyamba anayamba ntchito RadiThor, pamene pochiza dzanja wosweka. Ngakhale mankhwala lilibe mankhwala aliwonse, Byers anakhala asiye izo, osachepera maganizo, ngati si physiologically. Iye anapitiriza kudya yambiri RadiThor chakumwa ngakhale pambuyo dzanja lake chakuwangisa. Akuti iye ankamwa botolo kapena awiri tsiku lililonse kwa zaka zoposa zitatu ndi mwakhama tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa anzanga onse. Ena a iwo anayamba kumwa zonse RadiThor.

Pomaliza, kudalira pa Byers RadiThor namupha. Mwatsoka, ntchito Analandira bwanji mafupa, kuyambira onse cheza mphamvu kusungidwa mu fupa. Patapita nthawi, anapereka Analandira mafupa Byers mlingo yaikulu kwambiri cheza. Iye anataya ambiri pachibwano anali mabowo chigaza ndi chiwerengero cha matenda ena okhudzana ndi fupa. Pomaliza, Iye anafa imfa yowopsya March 31, 1932.

Kubwereza phunziro za kuopsa mpweya wa poizoni

Manyazi imeneyi chinali chifukwa chakuti kuopsa ntchito Analandira ankadziwika ngakhale pamaso Byers anayamba RadiThor. Ammudzi zachipatala wakhala kuphunzira zotsatira za Analandira thanzi la munthu chifukwa anatsegula Marie ndi Pierre Curie mu chaka cha 1898. British wasayansi Walter Lazaro Barlow mu 1913 anamasula deta kuti pamene ingested Analandira amapita ku fupa. Mu 1914, Ernst Zublin, pulofesa wa zamankhwala pa yunivesite ya Maryland, lofalitsidwa ndi review kulembamo 700 mankhwala ambiri amene anasonyeza kuti fupa necrosis wakhala pafupipafupi mbali zotsatira za ingesting Analandira. Mwatsoka, izi oyambirira mbendera wofiira padera, ndi malonda RadiThor anakhalabe pa okwera 1920.

Kuphunzira mlingo wa poizoni mu fupa

Byers pamene iye anafa, anaikidwa mu bokosi alimbane ndi kutsogolera chikuletsa kutentha kwa mafupa mu thupi lake. zaka sate-firii kenako mu 1965, wasayansi Robley Evans anaufukula Byers mafupa, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa Analandira mafupa. Chifukwa theka moyo wa Analandira zaka 1600, Byers mafupa zinali pafupifupi yofanana Analandira, monga tsiku limene anamwalira.

Evans anali katswiri pa muyeso ndi masamu mawerengeredwe wa mayamwidwe ndi excretion wa thupi la zinthu nyukiliya. Pamaziko a mbiri ya mowa Byers Evans RadiThor masamu kuti thupi la womwalirayo anali kuti ali pafupifupi 100,000 Bq. Becquerel ndi ankapoperamo mayiko wa muyeso wa mpweya wa poizoni. Koma iye anapeza kuti zotsalira chigoba kwenikweni ali okwana 225.000 Becquerel. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti chitsanzo cha radiative adani Evans anali zolakwika, kapena pafupifupi ndi Byers chomwecho saganizira RadiThor mowa nthawi osachepera awiri. Koma tsopano n'zosatheka kudziwa zimene mungachite izi ndi zolondola.

Pambuyo Evans anamaliza miyezo awo mlingo Analandira, anabwerera mafupa Byers mu bokosi wake kutsogolera Pittsburgh, kumene iwo kukhala lero.

Chifukwa panalibe milandu imfa misa

Ngakhale Byers, ndithudi, anakhudzidwa ndi Analandira mu RadiThor, kumwa zakumwa mphamvu ngati konse n'kukhala vuto lalikulu m'munda wa zaumoyo. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, panali zifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, mosiyana RadiThor, ambiri a ena "mphamvu" zakumwa pa msika anali achinyengo. Iwo mulibe aliyense wa Analandira kapena nyukiliya amafotokozera. Kachiwiri, RadiThor ndi mankhwala ena amene makamaka ali Analandira, anali okwera mtengo kwambiri. chakuti Analandira anali n'chosoŵa ndi zamtengo wapatali, ndi ndondomeko ya m'zigawo ndi kuyeretsa wakhala mtengo. Kotero kuti anthu okhawo wolemera ngati Byers, sangakonde ntchito tsiku lililonse. Choncho, matenda oyamba ndi RadiThor, anaonekera anthu okhawo ochepa amene akanatha kupereka madzi akumwa.

Pomaliza, cholinga chofuna kuteteza umoyo wa anthu a boma anatseka Bailey Analandira Laboratories - kampani imene umabala RadiThor. Chifukwa cha Analandira munali zakumwa mphamvu zathaŵa ogula malonda ndi 1932.

Ogalamutsa mu zakumwa zamakono

Today msika wa zakumwa mphamvu kudalira Kafeini kuti "kutsitsimutsa" makasitomala awo ndi kuwapatsa mphamvu kuti akufunafuna. Kafeini - odziwika bwino pophika mu khofi, tiyi, chocolate ndi kola. Iye sangakhoze kukhala zosowa monga Analandira, koma iye ali stimulant, kotero kuti anthu amene mpesawo, kumva funde la mphamvu ndipo musati pachiswe thanzi lawo.