Chikhalidwe Trypillian

chikhalidwe Trypillian chikutchedwa kudera la anapeza - m'mudzi wa Tripoli, Suli kutali Kiev. Anawagawira mu nthawi Chalcolithic ku Dnieper Mtsinje kumadzulo kwa Ukraine, Moldova ndi kum'mawa Romania, pamene iye analandira dzina la "Cucuteni". Tripoltsy ndi midzi oyambirira okhazikika.

Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti unachokera mu theka lachiwiri la Zakachikwi 6 ndi analiko mpaka kotala loyamba la m'ma 3 BC.

Chosadziwika ndi funso mmene zinachitika chikhalidwe Trypillian. maziko ake amapangidwa mafuko neolithic. Pakati pawo Likutsindika onyamula zikhalidwe Koros, Bonn, Bug-Dniester chikhalidwe ndi liniya mbiya.

Vikentiem Hvoykoy anazipeza m'ma 19 mochedwa, Trypillya loyamba anthu zikwi zingapo zapitazo.

The zigawo zikuluzikulu za chuma ankawaona kuti kuswana ndi ulimi. chikhalidwe Trypillian ankasiyana mlingo mokwanira mkulu wa chitukuko ubale chikhalidwe. Asanabwere ake zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka ndithu mu kachulukidwe anthu m'madera a kugawa ake.

midzi Tripoltsev ili pafupi ndi madzi pa otsetsereka wofatsa, wangwiro ulimi. Iwo inkakhala mokhala matope (makumi angapo) ndi kakasi mkati. Mwina, mu nyumba zimenezi lathu linkakhala inkakhala mabanja ambiri a m'deralo. M'mizinda ambiri Tripolye amati anakhala anthu za 15-20 zikwi.

Tripolskaya zoumbaumba pa nthawi anali ndi udindo waukulu pa ungwiro wa zithunzi, yokongola, chokongoletsera mu Europe. Mbiya ndiye zafika pamlingo kwambiri. Tikumbukenso kuti zizindikiro Trypillya anapezeka pa mbale ndi mafuko zikhalidwe wotsatira wa Mkuwa Age. iwonso kuonekera mu mbiya Asikuti-Girisi.

Ena zokongoletsera, miyambo, ulimi, luso, ankakhala ku Kievan Lazaro. Today zina ndinawona mu Ukraine Trypillya kanyumba, utoto mitundu yowala. The Chiyukireniya dongosolo pa malaya ndi matawulo kuona zinthu Tripolye ceramic murals.

Ndi bwinobwino mpaka bwanji ndiponso chitukuko mbisoweka Tripolskaya. Ena mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti izi zinachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Tripoltsy anali kupuma kwa dziko, kukhala madera atsopano a Greece, ku Middle East, Italy, Egypt, British Isles.

Palinso kungoganizira kuti chikhalidwe Trypillian itha linakhalapo mobisa. Long nthawi, kopanda ichi analibe umboni. Komabe, kenako anatulukira zinthu zakale kumadzulo Ukraine ena nyumba mobisa a chikhalidwe Tripoli. Pa nthawi yomweyo anthu musangotchula wapita mobisa, koma anapitiriza kukhala ntchito m'malo yogwira zachuma.

A zapamwamba weniweni wa zakale ankaona Verteba. phanga Izi anatchuka kwambiri m'zaka 19 Komabe, kafukufuku anayamba mwa iye yekha m'nthawi ya 20. Pophunzira izo, asayansi afika zimene zinachitika kalelo mwa zigawo karstic mitsinje Sungunulani ndi Madzi a mvula mobwerezabwereza anasefukira maholo wa nthumbi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, anthu ankatembenukira kwa malo ena m'phanga kwa kanthawi. Ofufuzawa dziwani kuti tripoltsy ankatha bwanji kupirira zinthu zimenezi - chosowa zonse kuwala ndi chinyezi - kokha pamene kuli koyenera kutero.

Chimalankhulidwa ndi mwayi tripoltsy muli mawu ndi syllables lotseguka. Zizindikiro za chinenero chikhalidwe chomwecho apezeka Asia Minor ndi Krete. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chinenero Trypillian wa Black Sea ndi gulu Mediterranean.