Chisankho choyamba mu India

Woyamba chisankho ngati adali mu 1952 (asanayambe kuchita malamulo anali monga osankhidwa kumbuyo mu 1946 pa maziko a malamulo atsamunda a 1935). Mu chisankho cha Congress anachita, ndi Kumanzere Kutsutsidwa, ukufanizidwa ndi CPI ndi Nazi, komanso kumanja phiko chitsutso, limene lidaperekedwa pa zipani zosiyanasiyana limati, amasonyeza zofuna za strata ang'onoang'ono. Ine anapambana ndi Congress, imene misa yotakata adzaponye chisanko anaona mtsogoleri wopambana wa m'gululi kumasulidwa. Gandhi ndi Nehru a Party chinapambana ndi ambiri mtheradi onse matupi malamulo pakati ndi pansi. Mtanda unaonetseratu mtundu wa okhawo wa Congress pa andale. chikoka chake kunali pacimake ku mbali yaikulu ya North India - madera amene anthu amalankhula m'zilembo ofanana Hindi - kuchokera Rajasthan kumadzulo kum'mawa kwa Bihar. Pa nambala wachiwiri apamwamba mavoti zinapezedwa kale ndi Chikomyunizimu linakhazikitsidwa. Amakhulupirira ku North India makamaka adazindikira Bengal ndi Punjab. Kugonjetsedwa zowawa lamanja, profeodalnye bungwe. Zotsatira wakhala inakulitsidwa ndipo pa chisankho chotsatira (mu 1957), izi zikusonyeza mzere wamba pa kuloza lamanzere mu moyo ndale za dziko.

chipani cholamulira analimbitsa pakati-lamanzere mapiko, lotsogoledwa ndi Nehru :. Mu 1955, anayamba kusamvana kulengeza yomanga ku India "chitsanzo zokomera a anthu" msonkhano wake lotsatira. chigonjetso Communist mu South Indian boma la Kerala ndi mapangidwe kumeneko a boma Kumanzere Front mu malo mpaka kuchotsedwa wake mu 1959, April 1 kwakhudza mavuto azandale North India, makamaka zinthu mkati chipani cholamulira. Mu 1959, Congress anaganiza kugwira patsogolo kwakukulu kusintha agrarian, muyeso bwino phiko anatuluka. Party anapanga mu mgwirizano ndi zotsala za mabungwe a chipani cha zimene ang'onoang'ono, latsopano zonse India chipani "Swa Tantra" ( "wodzilamulira"), umene anapambana angapo mipando mu aphungu mu masankho mu 1962, Congress, pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo ambiri chisankho, ali anapitiriza ambiri ake mu yamalamulo ndi legislatures boma, koma chiwerengero cha mavoti oponyedwa ku nthawi kuti anakhala likunena kutha. Bwanji vuto la ambirimbiri omwe adzaponye chisanko ndi mfundo zake, kulephera wailesi mapulogalamu kutukula amoyo kwa anthu. The inapita patsogolo chitukuko cha bizinesi wakuthwa mikangano kalasi amayambira zinthu aliko musiyane miyambo chikhalidwe (chipembedzo, Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, alimi akumidzi ndi zina zotero. N.) Mu mawonekedwe a mikangano mu maziko chisanadze bourgeois chikhalidwe. Kugwira ntchito demokalase bourgeois mu mlingo umbuli wa oposa 70% oponya voti, kudzipereka kwake ambiri zolinga chisanadze bourgeois, palibe yaikulu dongosolo chipani - zonsezi inasanduka Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira mmodzi wa zida zikuluzikulu za kulumikizana kwa elites andale kuti unyinji wa adzaponye chisanko. Zimenezi, zachititsa kuti kuwonjezeka mu udindo wa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ndi achipembedzo. koma Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira-mikangano mu moyo ndale za dziko. Yotsirizira anali zoyipa pa chitukuko cha ntchito bungwe ndi m'mphawi kuyenda.

Chisankho choyamba mu India