Chiwonongeko - ichi ndi chiyani

Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi, udzapeza woyanjana ndi nzeru za ndondomeko chiwonongeko, izo tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane, phindu mphamvu za ndondomeko tikambirana ndi parsed kumvetsa olakwika zodabwitsazi.

Chiwonongeko - izi

Kotero, ife tikakhala ndi funso lalikulu: "? Chiwonongeko - ichi ndi chiyani". Chiwonongeko ndi ndondomeko ya kugunda kwa zinthu ziwiri zodabwitsazi, womwe ndi tinthu ndi antiparticle, ndi chifukwa chodabwitsa ziwiri zosiyana tinthu mapangidwe particles latsopano, mwapadera kuyambira pachiyambi.

Mwatsatanetsatane tanthauzo la chiwonongeko

Kwa nthawi yoyamba zodabwitsazi anapeza mu 1930, koma chitsimikiziro komaliza kuli ngati njira anali kokha anatulukira cha mpweya wa poizoni yokumba, umene zimatulutsa positrons, ndipo dongosolo lonse anali limodzi ndi kutuluka kwa kuwonongedwa Y-cheza.

Tanthauzo la chiwonongeko kawirikawiri akufotokozedwa monga kugunda kwa awiri particles: particles ndi antiparticles, amene anawonongedwa mu kugunda pa, kupanga mtundu watsopano wa kanthu, koma ndi kutanthauzira kolakwika kwa zodabwitsazi, amene munakhala wokongola kwambiri mu asayansi ndi amapanga kwambiri ya mtsutso ozungulira nkhaniyi lero.

Kodi umakhulupilira chiwonongeko? Chiwonongeko - ndiyo njira ya mapangidwe mitundu yatsopano ya nkhani nkhaniyo antimatter particles ndi antiparticle. Mu ndondomekoyi, magawo koyamba zasungidwa ogwirizana zinthu zoti: zokhudza zonse mphamvu ya particles ndi kulemera okwana kuchuluka kwa mfundo kayendedwe, ndipo ngakhale mlandu zimachitika. Mwachitsanzo, mu kugunda ya elekitironi ndi positron, particles onse sizidzawonongedwa ndi n'kukhala photons, kuwapatsa misa zawo ndi mphamvu, amene wakhala, mu nkhani iyi, fotoni mphamvu.

Tikambirana chinthu monga chiwonongeko. ndi chodabwitsa cha kusintha kwa kamvedwe ka dongosolo la dziko, ndipo ambiri kumvetsetsa chilengedwe chonse chiyani?

Zimenezi ndi zofunika epistemological tanthauzo kwenikweni kuwononga oyambirira akamabadwa kumvetsetsa mbali zina za wosasinthika kanthu, pakuti tsopano, nkhaniyo zikhoza kusinthidwa kwa mtundu wina ndi mzake. Chiwonongeko zotsekula maso a anthu akamanena oipawo, kukangana kuti n'zosatheka molondola kusiyanitsa osiyana mitundu ya nkhani, ndipo ngati pali zinthu zina ennye particles angaphunzitse mawonekedwe wina ndi mzake.

Zamagetsi-positron awiri

ndondomeko Chiwonongeko bwinobwino ndi awiri Mwachitsanzo positron-elekitironi. Kukhala ndi otsika mphamvu mlandu colliding elekitironi ndi positron anawawononga (poyerekezera uliri) photons awiri kapena atatu ndipo chiwerengero cha photons zimadalira udindo wa amanena lapansi. Ngati angapo MeV elekitironi oikidwa positron kuwonongedwa kumachitika multiphoton mtundu.

Komanso, zodabwitsazi wakhala anaphunzira nyutironi-Antineutrons ndi pulotoni-antiproton awiriawiri.

Ntchito chipere

Tipitirize dismantle lingaliro la "kuwonongedwa." Kodi izo, ndi chodabwitsa chimene n'kofunika palokha? Komanso yosanthula mwatsatanetsatane, momwe ntchito?

zodabwitsazi a sayansi ntchito padziko lonse mchiphunzitso cha relativity. Iwo munatembenuka mwa kuwonongedwa mphamvu "E" (ziro) mu mtundu mphamvu kayendedwe, chifukwa yatikhudza mankhwala. Kugunda particles ndi antiparticle nthaŵi zonse wamphamvu ejection mphamvu, mwachitsanzo, mu kugunda ya elekitironi ndi positron. Komabe, masiku ano, njira yodalirika mphamvu si ntchito chifukwa zifukwa zingapo, monga mitengo wokwera njira antimatter ndi kusunga antimatter mbali. Mphamvu komanso kuwonongedwa kwa zimene amabisala ndondomeko? Chabe whopping macrobiotic chuma! Kunaikidwiratu ndi masamu kuti 1 makilogalamu mogwirizana kwa vuto ndi yofanana antimatter kutsogolera kwa kudzipatula kuchuluka kwa mphamvu wofanana pafupifupi 1,8h1017 mphamvu joule. kuchuluka chotero cha mphamvu opangidwa ndi kuphulika chiwerengero cha trinitrotuluola megatons 47.