Cholinga mwankhanza. Okhota mayendedwe kukhudzana. Mpira zimakhudza adaponya

Mayendedwe - chipangizo luso lomwe kutumikira monga kuthandiza a nkhwangwa makina ndi mikondo. Angathe kutenga zozungulira ndi ofananira katundu akuchita mwachindunji pa chitsulo chogwira matayala kapena kutsinde, ndiyeno kusamutsa kuti chimango, nyumba kapena gawo lina la kukonza. Kuchitira ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo - kugwira kutsinde danga, kumupatsa mpata kuti kupeta momasuka, atembenuza kapena kusuntha linearly imfa kochepa mphamvu. Kuyambira khalidwe pogwiritsa zimadalira ntchito, dzuwa ndi, ndithudi, durability za makina.

mitundu ya mayendedwe

Pogwira mfundo ya ntchito zipangizo zonse anawagawa gasdynamic, hydrostatic, gasostatic, hydrodynamic, maginito, kutsetsereka ndi kugudubuzika. Mitundu ziwiri zapitazi zambiri ntchito luso lopanga. Anagubuduza zimakhudza tichipeza mphete ziwiri ndi olekanitsa, lomwe pakati pawo. Pa gawo lakunja la mphete amkati ndi gawo lamkati la poyambira lakunja akudutsa - njira iyi, yomwe kukwera pa matupi anagubuduza (odzigudubuza kapena mipira) pamene chipangizo nawo ntchito.

Ndi zozungulira katundu maganizo anapambulwa (kwa zozungulira ang'ono ndi ofananira katundu), kulimbikira (kwa katundu ofananira), adaponya zozungulira (kwa ofananira ndi otsika zozungulira katundu) ndi okhota mayendedwe kukhudzana (kwa kuphatikiza ofananira ndi zozungulira katundu).

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mizere ya mipira kapena odzigudubuza olekanitsidwa mzere umodzi, awiri mzere ndi chipangizo Mipikisano mzere. Malinga ndi luso zoperewerazo misalignment wa migodi zilipo, ankauza nesamoustanavlivayuschiesya mayendedwe, moti misalignment tonse mphete digiri eyiti, ndi chidziletso, aligning (skewed digiri zinayi).

chizindikiro

Russian olemba zipangizo ngati tichipeza chophiphiritsa, yovomerezeka malinga ndi GOST 3189-89, komanso malamulo a Mlengi. Choncho, olemba zikuphatikizapo manambala zisanu ndi ziwiri zoti zofunika (ngati mfundo khalidwe ndi ziro, zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi zilembo ziwiri) ndiponso ufulu / yatsala waukulu. Pankhani ya malo kumanzere nthaŵi zonse ankasiyana "-" (mukapeza), ndipo ngati kumanja, zikuyamba ndi makalata ena. Kuwerenga nthawi zonse mwachita bwino, kaya zozungulira kapena ofananira mayendedwe.

Standard n'kukulemberani chodetsa zinthu anakonza mu ndondomeko yeniyeni. Choncho, choyamba mwatchutchutchu mndandanda wa widths (manambala wina), kenako mitundu zaphindu (manambala awiri), kenako mtundu wobala (osakwatira manambala), mndandanda wa diameters (osakwatira manambala) ndi chizindikiro cha awiri mkati (manambala awiri).

Zomwe amagwiritsa mayendedwe mpira?

Makina amene alibe onsewo mbali ndi laling'ono kwambiri. .. mbali ngati ng'oma, levers, mateyala, axles, migodi, etc., monga ulamuliro, onetsetsani pali - aliyense akudziwa amene ali kuthana ndi magalimoto. Kotero, apa chokwanira popanda mayendedwe. galimoto aliyense ayenera kuisamalira ndi yokonza nthawi, kuti zipangizo amenewa nthawi kusintha nthawi. Koma cholinga kubala - si lingaliro singasiyanitsidwe ndi galimoto, ndi ntchito zitsulo, mphamvu, makina, makampani migodi. Mtundu uwu wa kapangidwe limalola makhalidwe kuzikonzanso liwiro izi kapena kuti mwatsatanetsatane, kotero iwo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito centrifuges, magudumu magalimoto, magiya mphutsi, spindles ndi zina zotero.

Mpira ndi wodzigudubuza adaponya chipangizo

Mpira kupisa zimakhudza lakonzedwa kuti katundu ofananira, ndi nesamoustanavlivayuschimsya. Kumasulidwa chipangizo mzere, amene ndazindikira mmodzi ndiye amaganiza ofananira katundu ndi iwiri mzere - ndazindikira amgwirizano. Amenewa zigawo structural chagwiritsidwa mikondo ndi umodzi, wodziŵa, onsewo malo makina kudula zitsulo.

Tambasulani wodzigudubuza zimakhudza ntchito pamene zochita lalikulu kwambiri ofananira katundu. zipangizozi angakhale mitundu itatu:

• ndi odzigudubuza conical - tinapangidwa ntchito pa katundu kwambiri mkulu, imathamanga mkulu, tokhala;
• cylindrical wodzigudubuza - ankakonda kugwira imathamanga otsika, koma pa katundu mkulu;
• spheroconical ndi odzigudubuza - ndi katundu samoustanavlivaemosti mwina amakhala wodalirika ofananira ndi zozungulira katundu.

Wodzigudubuza kupisa zimakhudza ntchito midadada ya refractory kuboola mphero, extruders, kwambiri yodzaza ofukula migodi alternators. Komanso, iye ali gawo la zigawo makina a zipangizo zitsulo.

Okhota mayendedwe kukhudzana

zipangizozi amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda osiyana a makampani: luso lopanga ndi nyumba thanki, makampani mankhwala ndi ena. Izi zigawo structural amatha kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo mitundu onse katundu: onse ofananira ndi zozungulira. Mtengo wake pazipita zimadalira mbali imene zinthu anagubuduza ali kukhudzana ndi raceways lapansi. Zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe zozungulira mpira ndi zinayi mfundo kukhudzana. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti okonza ambiri mafakitale kwambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito limodzi mzere ndi chipangizo awiri mzere.

Zosiyanasiyana mayendedwe okhota kukhudzana

zigawo kandalama angathe kuchitidwa mu embodiments zosiyanasiyana. Kuchitira okhota kukhudzana mpira akhoza kukhala womasuka kapena zoteteza zitsulo makina ochapira kapena milomo chisindikizo. Zipangizo ndi anayi mfundo kukhudzana detachable kunja kapena mkati mphete ndi abwino kwambiri kwa katundu wolemera ofananira. Kuchitira okhota kukhudzana mpira zambiri okonzeka ndi olekanitsa a galasi CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa polyamide. Koma palinso misonkhano structural ndi mkuwa kapena zitsulo mfundo mbamuikha olekanitsa. mayendedwe awa akhoza kumakhalamo zozungulira ndi ofananira katundu wina amaganiza. Pa mphete mkati kapena kunja ali bevel kwa matupi pomayenda, kawirikawiri chiwerengero cha tatifupi mu chimake ichi, chipangizo kuposa chiwerengero cha mipira mu lolingana zozungulira adaponya zaphindu mfundo. yobala ichi amatha kudziwa katundu wamkulu kuposa zozungulira za kukula ofanana.

Wodzigudubuza okhota kukhudzana yobala, ambiri ali ndi thupi la anagubuduza phirilo mtundu. Ndi kukonza ndi odzigudubuza kwa olamulira a kasinthasintha pa njira zina, mtundu wa chipangizo amatha kudziwa katundu pamodzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo okhota kukhudzana mpira wodziwika phirilo ali m'munsi chovomerezeka liwiro kuposa structural wagawo ndi odzigudubuza cylindrical. Mlingo anatsimikiza potenga ofananira katundu phirilo ngodya: ndi amachepetsa izo kumawonjezera katundu zozungulira ndipo potero kumaonjezera adaponya. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe amenewa ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe kupotozedwa mayendedwe zisa ndi kutsinde, limene iwo anaika.

Mungasankhe wodzigudubuza okhota kukhudzana zipangizo tapered:

• 7000 - zazikulu;
• 27000 - mkulu phirilo ngodya;
• 97000 - awiri mzere;
• 77000 - zinayi mzere.

Mitundu ya 27000 ndi 7000

Anafuna kuti maganizo a zozungulira ndi ofananira katundu unilateral. Amenewa zigawo structural ayenera kusintha ofananira chilolezo ndi ogwiritsa mphete akunja - onse pa unsembe ndi pa ntchito.

kutayipa 97000

zipangizozi amatha kutenga unilateral ndi amgwirizano zozungulira ndi katundu ofananira imodzi. Ngati mukufuna kusintha ofananira kapena zozungulira chilolezo mu kuchitira podshlifovyvaetsya spacer mphete wokwera pakati pa mphete lamkati. Zolemba malire katundu mu mayunitsi structural wa mtundu uwu ndi nthawi 1.7 kuposa amene ali pophatikizidwa mayendedwe wosakwatiwa mzere.

kutayipa 77000

Zipangizo oterewa angapatsidwe zozungulira olemera ndi katundu ofananira zazing'ono amgwirizano. Chotero unit structural akhoza kulimbana zotsatira kwambiri wa mphamvu zozungulira, m'malo lolingana wosakwatiwa mzere.

Kusankha zimakhudza

zinthu zotsatirazi tiyenela kuiganizila posankha mtundu ndi kukula kwa chipangizo:

• zinthu katundu (variable, mantha, kugwedera, zonse);
• chofunika gwero (Mamiliyoni a kusintha kapena maola);
• malangizo ndi mtengo wa katundu (ofananira, zozungulira, kuphatikiza);
• mmene chilengedwe (fumbi, kutentha, acidity, chinyezi);
• rotational liwiro mphete structural msonkhano;
• amafuna wapadera, amene amadalira dongosolo zimakhudza (miyeso anakhumba, katundu samoustanavlivaemosti, kuchepetsa phokoso, ndi zina zotero. p.).

Makulidwe ndi makalasi olondola

zipangizo oterowo atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena zino. Pakuti miyeso wonse, iwo anawagawa katundu / sing'anga / kuwala / kuwala kwambiri / ultralight ndipo m'lifupi - makamaka lonse / lonse / yachibadwa / yopapatiza. Ambiri ndi sing'anga, kuwala ndi mitundu owonjezera kuwala.

Kuonetsetsa makalasi mwatsatanetsatane ikuluikulu: wapamwamba-mwatsatanetsatane / mwatsatanetsatane / mkulu / mkulu / yachibadwa. Komanso umabala mayendedwe, amene molondola kalasi poyerekeza yachibadwa (zolakwika kwambiri) kapena apamwamba wapamwamba-mwatsatanetsatane (zolondola kwambiri). Malinga angapezeke uku ndi zofunika zina zowonjezera, monga mlingo wa kugwedera ndi zina zotero, onse zipangizo anawagawa m'magulu: makalasi A, B, C.

Pomaliza, timapereka mtundu zoti kubala mitundu:

• 0 - zozungulira / mpira;
• 1 - zozungulira / ozungulira mpira;
• 2 - zozungulira / cylindrical wodzigudubuza odzigudubuza yochepa;
• 3 - zozungulira / wodzigudubuza ndi odzigudubuza ozungulira (mbiya woboola pakati);
• 4 - zozungulira / singano wodzigudubuza kapena cylindrical yaitali odzigudubuza;
• 5 - odzigudubuza zozungulira / mwauzimu ndi wodzigudubuza ndi;
• 6 - okhota mpira / mpira;
• 7 - phirilo / wodzigudubuza;
• 8 - adaponya poyambira / mpira, ndi ofananira / mpira;
• 9 - ofananira / wodzigudubuza, adaponya / wodzigudubuza.