Glück Wambiri ndi haratkeristika mwachidule wolemba

Wambiri Glück osangalatsa kumvetsetsa mbiri ya nyimbo zachikhalidwe. Wolemba uyu anali wokonzanso lalikulu la zisudzo nyimbo, maganizo ake anali patsogolo nthawi yawo ndi mukopedwe ntchito Oimba ambiri ena a zaka 18 ndi 19, kuphatikizapo Russian. Uyamiko kwa Iye, kuimba nyimbo za opera wakhala kwambiri wochepa maonekedwe ndi ungwiro kwambiri. Komanso, anagwira ballets ndi zazing'ono m'nyimbo - sonatas ndi Overture, amenenso ali wa chidwi kwambiri kwa ojambula zithunzi chi amene akufunitsitsa monga ndime kwawo mu pulogalamuyi konsati.

zaka mwana

Kumayambiriro yonena Glück si odziwika bwino, ngakhale ofufuza ambiri zikukangalika kufufuza ubwana wake ndi unyamata. Amadziwika kuti anabadwa mu 1714 mu Palatinate m'banja nkhalango ndi anaphunzitsidwa kunyumba. Komanso, pafupifupi onse a mbiri yakale amavomereza kuti iye anali mwana anasonyeza talente zapadera nyimbo ndipo ankadziwa kuimba ndi choimbira. Komabe, bambo ake sanafune kuti kuimba, ndi kumutumiza ku sukulu.

Komabe, tsogolo wotchuka Wolemba mukufuna kulumikiza moyo wanga ndi nyimbo, choncho kwina. Mu 1731 iye anakakhala Prague, kumene ankaimba vayolini ndi cello m'manja mwa wotchuka Czech Wolemba ndi theorist B. Chimontenegirini.

nthawi Chitaliyana

yonena Glück akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo angapo, kusankha monga muyezo malo okhala, ntchito ndi ntchito yolenga. Mu theka lachiwiri la 1730s Iye anadza kwa Milan. Panthawi imeneyi, mmodzi wa ŵa olemba Italy nyimbo John. Sammartini. Muulamuliro wake, Glück anayamba kulemba nyimbo zake. Malinga ndi otsutsa, nyengo ino iye katswiri otchedwa homophonic kalembedwe - nyimbo malangizo amene amakhala ndi kulira kwa munthu wa mfundo yaikulu, pamene ena mbali wothandiza. yonena Glück tinganene kuti olemera kwambiri, chifukwa kugwira ntchito ndipo anabweretsa kwambiri nyimbo yatsopano zachikhalidwe.

Lophunzira kalembedwe homophonic lofunika kwambiri kukwaniritsa Wolemba, monga ku Ulaya nyimbo kusukulu ankaona nthawi kunalamulidwa ndi polyphony. Nthawi imeneyi, adalenga angapo masewero a ( "Demetri", "Port" ndi ena), amene, ngakhale onyenga, napita naye kutchuka. Mpaka 1751, iye anabwera ndi gulu Italy, sindinathe kuti ndikachite kusamukira ku Vienna.

kusintha sewero la

Kristof Glyuk, amene yonena ayenera inextricably zogwirizana mbiri ya mapangidwe zikuluzikulu, wachita zambiri kukonzanso kwa ntchito nyimbo. Mu zaka XVII-XVIII, kuimba nyimbo za opera anali wokongola nyimbo choonetsedwa ndi nyimbo zokoma. chidwi linaperekedwa osati mochuluka kwambiri wokhutira mawonekedwe.

Zambiri analemba analemba yekha kwa mawu ena ake, osati kusamalira za nkhani ndi tanthauzo. Glück anatsutsa kwambiri njira imeneyi. Mu masewero a wake, nyimbo anali wamng'ono kwa sewero ndi zokumana munthu mwawo. Ntchito zake "Orfeo Euridice" Wolemba MOKHOZA chikugwirizana zinthu zakale tsoka ndi manambala choral ndi kuvina zithunzi. Njira imeneyi inali nzeru kwa nthawi, choncho, anali kuyamikira anthu a m'nthawi yake.

Viennese nthawi

Mmodzi wa pa analemba chachikulu cha m'ma 18 ndi Kristof Villibald Glyuk. The yonena za woimba zimenezi n'kofunika kumvetsa mapangidwe sukulu yapamwamba, monga ife tikudziwira izo lero. Mpaka 1770 anagwira Vienna pa bwalo la Marie Antoinette. Zinali nthawi imeneyi zinapangidwa analandira mawu ake omaliza a mfundo zake za kulenga. Kupitiriza kugwira ntchito mu chikhalidwe kwa nthawi azithunzithunzi sewero la mtundu wanyimbo, analenga angapo masewero a pachiyambi, amene subordinated kuti ganizo nyimbo ndi ndakatulo. Zikuphatikizapo ntchito ya "Alceste", analengedwa ndi Euripides tsoka.

Mu overture izi za zisudzo, amene analemba ena anali ndi ufulu pafupifupi ndimasewera mtengo, izo anapeza tanthauzo lalikulu. Nyimbo ake organically nsalu mu nkhani waukulu, ndipo anatsegulira ulaliki lonse. Malinga ndi mfundo motsogozedwa otsatira ake ndi oimba za m'ma 19.

siteji Paris

1770s ndi kuvutitsidwa kwambiri mu mbiri ya Glück. Chidule za mbiri yake ayenera monga yochepa kufotokoza mbali yake mu awiri chimene chinayamba mu mabwalo Parisian aluntha mozungulira kodi kukhala opera. Mtsutsano anali pakati pa mbali ya sukulu French ndi Chitaliyana.

Woyamba kumbuyo kufunika kubweretsa sewero ndi lingaliro la mogwirizana ntchito nyimbo, pamene yotsirizira anatsindika amapilira ndi nyimbo improvisation. Glück kumbuyo mfundo yoyamba view. Kutsatira mfundo zake za kulenga, iye analemba sewero pogwiritsa pa kusewera ndi Euripides 'Iphigenia mu Tauris. " ntchito wakhala anazindikira monga zabwino mu ntchito wolemba analenga ndipo zalimbitsa kutchuka kwake European.

zotsatira

Mu 1779, chifukwa matenda aakulu anabwerera Vienna Wolemba Kristofer Glyuk. Wambiri ya woimba izi luso simungathe kulingalira popanda kutchula ntchito yake yomaliza. Ngakhale pamene anali kudwala, iye analemba angapo odes ndi nyimbo limba. Mu 1787, iye anamwalira. Iye anali otsatira ambiri. wophunzira wake yabwino Wolemba ndi kudzitcha A. Salieri. Miyambo anakhazikitsa Glück, anali maziko a zilandiridwenso Beethoven ndi Wagner. Komanso, ambiri Oimba ena ankatsanzira osati imene masewero a, komanso nthetemya. Russian Wolemba Glinka anaona kufunika kwa luso la Glück.