History of Manda Askold ku Kiev. Mpingo wa St. Nicholas pa manda Askold a

Amodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya Kiev ndi mpingo wa St. Nicholas. magwero ake ndi umakhudza mbiri ya Askold manda. zinsinsi zambiri ndi nthano ogwirizana ndi malo awa. Pitani mpanda wa chipilala umenewu adzakhala chidwi kuti aliyense. Ndipotu, ndi Askoldov chitunda kugwirizana ndi mfundo zambiri mbiri ndi retold nthano zambiri.

manda Askold a

Tsopano Askol'dov chitunda ili mu malo paki pa gombe lamanja la Dnieper. zaka zambirimbiri zapitazo, dera limeneli ankatchedwa thirakiti Ugric. Malinga ndi nthano, mu 882 sakhala patali ndi malo awa anaphedwa ndi mkulu wachikristu woyamba wa Kiev Prince Askold. Pamodzi ndi iye anaphedwa ndi m'bale wake Mbawala. Onse a iwo anaphedwa a mlendo kalonga Oleg (Rurik). Pambuyo pa imfa ya abale Oleg anakhala wolamulira zonse kunachitika wa Kievan Lazaro. Askold ndi Dir anakwiriridwa pa malo a imfa.

Malinga ndi magwero a mbiri yakale, Askold moyenerera ayenera kutsogolera Kievan Lazaro. Pali umboni kuti kalonga anabatizidwa mu Constantinople. Pamene akuchita ubatizo iye anapatsidwa dzina Nicholas.

Akatswiri ambiri kukayikira mfundo za kupha Sitefano abale, ponena kuti ndi nthano chabe wowerengeka. Komabe, Manda Askold ku Kiev ankaona malo ampumulo wa Kiev akalonga ndi pafupi ngakhale ali tchalitchi yaing'ono.

Mpingo wa St. Nicholas

Pa Askold manda a mpingo St. Nicholas inamangidwa Kiev. Dzinali anasankhidwa ulemu dzina la kalonga pa ubatizo. Pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mpingo pa manda Askold a pali nthano. Pali lomwe polenga ena kachisi anatenga gawo yekha Olga.

Baibulo yachiwiri ndi yakuti, malinga ndi mbiri anavomereza zolakwa, mawu akuti "Olma" anali mwangozi m'malo mwa "Olga". Akatswiri ena kuika patsogolo chiphunzitso chakuti tate wa mpingo unali wachikunja kapena Ol'ma Olmosh. Zinali mkulu detachment wa Hungarians, kuguba m'ma IX ndi Kiev. Chifukwa laperekedwa Svjatopolka mwana wamkazi, dzina lake Peredslava. Ngakhale mu ukapolo kwa nthawi yaitali, Olmosh akhoza kumanga mpingo mu ulemu wa ukwati wawo.

Mu 971, mwana wa Mfumukazi Olga Prince Svyatoslav anawononga mpingo wa St. Nicholas pa manda Askold a. Iye anali wachikunja, ndipo zikugwira ntchito pothetsa zotsalira za Chikhristu m'mayiko awo.

Komabe, mu 990, mpingo anamangidwanso mkulu wa Prince Vladimir. Mu 1036 kunyumba linakhazikitsidwa pano.

Nthano ya Prince Mstislav

Pali nthano ina yomwe chikugwirizana ndi Manda Askold a. Bakuman ali kuti mu 1113 mwana wa Vladimir Monomakh Mstislav kunyumba kuchokera kokasaka. Prince anataya nkhalango mdima. Kunapezeka kuti anali kudutsa mumsewu, kumene lero Askol'dov chitunda mu Kyiv, ndipo adawona kuwala akubwera kuchokera chifanizo cha St. Nicholas. mtanda Izi anatchulidwa kalonga njira kunyumba.

Tamasulira kuchokera ku magwero a mbiri yakale tikudziwa kuti chifukwa atabwerera mozizwitsa Mstislav anakhazikitsidwa mu 1115 pa malo a unani umenewo amuna. Iwo ankakhala zaka wake wotsiriza wa Theodosius, woyambitsa wa Lavra Kiev-Pechersk.

Patapita zaka zingapo, kumalo kumene ali Askold ndi manda yopemphereramo inamangidwa. kuwala kwake kutsogolera apaulendo m'njira yoyenera.

yomanga Komanso la kachisi

Njira wamkulu wa St. Nicholas Mpingo ankaona kuti pa Kalnofoyskom dongosolo view. Zinali mtengo mpingo ndi nyumba zitatu.

Mu 1696 zovuta anamangidwanso, ndipo anthu ake kuwonjezera nyumba awiri. Yomanga analipira Ivan Mazepa. polojekiti ayambe wamanga Iosif Startsev.

Mu 1810, wazomangamanga mkulu wa Kiev anamangidwira pa malo Askold a kumasiye mpingo waung'ono. Iwo anali apansi 2 ndi mpando wachifumu. Pansi pake panali manda ili, anatchuka chifukwa cha kukongola lapadera iconostasis wa Carrara nsangalabwi ndi golide. kukhudzana ili mukuimira Manda onse chidwi Askold ku Kiev. History limati mafano ankayambitsa ndi Vasnetsov. Wokongola inali, inali mu mpingo, anali cholengedwa wa munda Raphael manja. Pali anawaika njira, masitepe 9 kuchita maliro, komanso masitepe ndi malemba.

nyengo Soviet

Pa Soviet Union mpingo anawonongedwa. kumanda anali n'kukhala paki lathu. Mu 1936 odyera linatsegulidwa pano. Mu 1938, katswiri wa zomangamanga P. Yurchenko anamanganso kachisi ku paki hema.

Ulemerero ndi kukongola kwa kamodzi kale ndiye anakhala chikumbutso chabe cha necropolis lapansi. Only akale a mzinda anapitirizabe mu chikumbukiro cha ukulu wakale malo awa.

Mu 1979, pamodzi ndi kutsegula kwa mbiri mzindawo Kiev zakale, anayamba kumanganso kachisi. Pali anachita chionetsero Center. Ndipo mu 1985, chikonzero chonse udaikidwa antchito owonetsera zakale recreate yakale imeneyi ndi wauzimu zotsalira.

Kubwezeretsa kwa mpingo

Ku misa ya mapulani ndi ntchito adzabwezeretse zovuta mbiri anasankhidwa amene chikufanana maganizo a mpingo mu 1810. polojekiti envisaged chilengedwe cha chionetsero mu chapansi pa St. Nicholas Church, kuwulula deta mbiri pa necropolis lapansi. Iwo amayenera kusintha madera ozungulira. Kiev mapulani ntchito ankatchedwa "Yakale Place:. Askold a Manda"

Komabe, ndalama sikunali kokwanira kuti agwire ntchito zonse zofunikira pa nthawi yoyenera. Mu 1992, chifukwa n'zosatheka kuti apitirize ntchito kubwezeretsa chinaperekedwa kwa mpingo Orthodox wa Greek Catholic chigawocho mzinda.

Mu 1998, kubwezeretsa anafika pamapeto pake zomveka, ndipo Askold a kumasiye (Photo kachisi akhoza onani pansipa) anakhala malo yopita kwa Orthodox Akhristu ambiri.

The kudzipereka a mpingo watsopano

Wotchuka wamanga Vladimir Khromtchenko zinachitikadi kubwezeretsa zovuta lapansi. ntchito yonse inatha m'chaka cha 1998. Manda Photo Askold mu mawonekedwe ake masiku ano anapereka m'munsimu.

Mu chapansi pa mpingo anakhazikitsa mpingo odzipereka pokumbukira Papa St. Sylvester.

Kudzipereka zinachitika May 22, 1998. Mpingo watsopano wa St. Nicholas anakhala zikomo wotchuka kwa ulendo wake wake ndi Papa Yohane Paulo II paulendo wake kuti Kiev mu 2001.

Askold manda phiri

Kuyambira mu 1976 kachisi anabwerera maliro. Apa kugona zotsalira za akalonga wotchuka Kievan.

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1945, m'dziko limene Manda Askold ku Kiev, anakhala m'manda a liberators wagwa mumzinda ku Germany. Pa World nkhondo II asilikali German anakwiriridwa pano, koma pambuyo 1944 matupi awo anasamukira kudera lina. Ndipo mu 1957, zotsalira za asilikali Soviet anali reburied mu Park wa ulemerero wosatha.

Lero, monga masiku akale, pali necropolis amene ali m'manda anthu wotchuka a mzinda, zisudzo, madokotala, mapulani, nkhondo ndipo analemba. Wa otchuka amakono pano ndi zotsalira za anthu monga Lashkevich A. S. (mbiri Chiyukireniya), Nestorov P. N. (woyendetsa), Nikolaev V. N. (zinalengedwa ndi Kiev) Solovtsov NN (wosewera, wotsogolera) Glebova MM (Ammayi), Mering F. F. (dokotala kwambiri) Tarnovskiy V. V. (wofuna kuthandiza), Shile A. Ya. (wamanga), Shleyfer G. P. (wamanga).

Momwe kwa chitunda Askold

Adiresi ya zovuta mbiri tsopano ali ndondomeko: Dnipro mbadwa, Park Road. gawo ndi lotseguka padziko koloko.

Pamaso Manda Askold ndi mosavuta pa phazi. Palibe njira zoyendera sapita pa Dnieper mbadwa. Ndikwabwino kuyambitsa njira kuchokera Square Omveka. Iwo lili "zida" siteshoni okwerera sitima. Bwino chabe mungathe kufika m'dera pa trolleybus 38. Kuyima ilo likutchedwa Park Ulemerero. Ku malo mukufuna ndi basi chiwerengero 62.

Atafika paki Askold chitunda alendo kulowa zinkakhalira zinsinsi wakale, nthano kugwirizana ndi malo awa. N'zosadabwitsa izo kotero anakopeka naye ndi anthu a Kiev, ndi alendo. Sang matamando a zovuta umenewu, olemba ambiri ndi ndakatulo. Ntchito Tarasa Shevchenko pali nkhani Askold chitunda. Author ntchito zambiri Zagorski analemba buku za m'dera zinkaimira. Pamaziko a Ntchito Verestovskogo za zisudzo analengedwa.

Komanso pafupi Askold phiri ndi chipilala kuti Andreyu Pervozvannomu, kusanja mwa zipilala zopatulika zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya Kiev.

Kufika mu imodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri ndi mbiri yotchuka ya mizinda Chiyukireniya - Kiev, onetsetsani kukaona zokonda zake. Mmodzi wa zipilala wotchuka wauzimu ndi chikhalidwe ndi Manda Park Askold a. Pitani Mpingo wa St. Nicholas, komanso necropolis, alendo kulowa wakale, chachinsinsi chenicheni cha zaka zapitazi. The chikumbukiro cha ulendo malowa kukhala kwa zaka lililonse mlendo.