K-219 - Soviet sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya

Cha m'ma Mipingo ya XX m'ma American nyukiliya mivi yochepa osiyanasiyana zinatumizidwa ku Ulaya, kupanga owononga kwa chitetezo la Soviet Union. Mu chochitika cha nkhondo malo ofunika kwambiri m'dziko lathu akhoza kugunda ngakhale pamaso chiphaso cha nkhani pa imalankhula chida. Kusunga njira muyezo wa asilikali ankafuna munthu mwachangu ndi chokwanira ayankhe.

Kubwezeretsa muyezo wa mphamvu mu dziko

Popeza Soviet Union sikunali kotheka kuti ntchito okwanira nthaka ofotokoza chida zapansi ili umakhala pafupi ndi United States, utsogoleri dziko anapanga Zimatheka chisankho pa nthawi - kukhazikitsa olondera zonse mwa sitima zankhondo Russian nyukiliya madzi ndale kufupi ndi kugombe la America. Zimenezi zinathandiza mwakufuna mlingo wa ngozi mwagwirizana ndi kubwezeretsa muyezo wa mphamvu.

Chida sitima zapamadzi ya kumpoto zombo

Imodzi mwa sitima zankhondo, amene anapatsidwa ntchito, anakhala chida cruiser cholinga njira yomwe inali kachidindo dzina K-219. Mu 1972, ankakhalako kwa m'matangadza pa Severodvinsk "Sevmash" ndipo kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu anali membala wa kumpoto zombo, zochokera ku dera Gadzhiyevo Murmansk. Mu 1980 chombo kwathunthu modernized pansi pa ntchito 667A "Burbot" kuti anatilola kuti ntchito kuthetsa utumwi zovuta kwambiri ndi wovuta.

sitima zapamadzi anali ndi yaikulu zowononga angathe. Pa bolodi anali sikisitini mivi ballistic ndi osiyanasiyana makilomita zikwi zitatu, omwe ananyamula zokwana atatu nyukiliya. Komanso, kudziteteza ku zotheka zombo adani K-219 anali asanu machubu oponya. Adalira unali ndi anthu zana ndi naintini - odziwa bwino ndi amalinyero ophunzitsidwa mwapadera.

Mavuto a zaka zapitazi

Ngakhale asanadye pa ntchito nkhondowo gombe la America pamenepa sitima zapamadzi chida anali ndi ngozi yoopsa kwambiri mu 1973. Ndiye chifukwa cha kutayikira mmodzi wa nkhokwezi kukhala m'madziwo otaya mu ndipo amachitira ndi chigawo chimodzi cha chopopera kupangitsa mapangidwe asidi nitric ndi mwamakani kwambiri, zimene pamapeto pake zinachititsa kuti kuphulika ndi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mmodzi wa anthu ogwira ntchito anaphedwa, mwadzidzidzi wanga anaikidwa kunja kwa kanthu ndi kupitiriza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Last kusambira chida

Nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi K-219 anapanga ulendo ake otsiriza mu 1986. Potuluka doko, iye anali kupita ku kugombe la America kuchita olondera. Kuyambira pachiyambi cha navigation anasonyeza mavuto aakulu: limodzi la nkhokwezi chida anatsegula kuyenda, koma kapitawo woyang'anira malowo, oopa udindo, osati inati kwa mtsogoleri wa ngalawa, Captain 2 Udindo GI Britanova, ndipo anayesa kubisa mfundo kulephera.

Chotero kuphwanya hayala wakhala koopsya kwa ngalawayo ndi oyendetsa zotsatira. Posakhalitsa ndinayamba kubwera kawiri pa tsiku kutulutsa kunja madzi kulowa wanga, mpaka potsiriza kwathunthu depressurized ndipo si anasefukira. zochitika zonse zina anali wofanana kubwereza kwa ngozi, komwe kunachitika mu 1973 - ndi mwamakani mawonekedwe chisakanizo cha zigawo madzi ndi mafuta roketi, ndi chifukwa chimene chinatsatira kuphulika.

Zotsatira za kuphulika mu nkhokwezi chida

Yoweyula mantha zinawonongedwa zokwana nyukiliyazo basi ndipo anawononga casing kunja kwa mgodi. Zina mwa mivi anali mkati sitima zapamadzi, ndipo anachita ndi madzi, amakhala ndi mpweya woopsa. zinthu anali kulimbikitsa mfundo yakuti chifukwa cha kuphulika analenga benga pa sitimayo mwa madzi anathamangira mkati. Kukhala Motero, pa ballast, ndi sitima zapamadzi Amira yomweyo akuya yovutayi okha - mamita mazana atatu, koma chifukwa cha woyenera yake zochita za mkulu wa posakhalitsa anakwanitsa kulera pamwamba.

Monga nkhani yofunika zowonongeka ndi oopsa mpweya kusukulutsa chida Bay anali kusiya gulu ndi bwino battened pansi. Komabe, oyendetsa anali koma kukwaniritsa ntchito yaikulu pa nthawiyo - kuletsa riyakitala nyukiliya. Pangani kunali koyenera posachedwapa chifukwa masensa analemba nyamuka lakuthwa kutentha boma lake kuzirala, ndi owononga ya bomba la nyukiliya.

Feat oyendetsa - oyendetsa

Pansi bwinobwino zinthu, opareshoni amenewa ikuchitika ndi yaikulu ulamuliro gulu, koma ulendo woyamba kusonyeza kulephera kwa dongosolo yovuta ino. ngoziyo itayandikira, ndi amalinyero anali munthu mwayi womaliza - kuti pamanja kupondereza riyakitala kuonongeka, koma mu nkhani iyi iwo anayenera kulowa chida chipinda ndi amatipeza kupeza mlingo yovuta cheza. Thamanga Job anadzipereka: Senior mkulu Nikolai Belikov ndipo woyendetsa pa nyanja S. Preminin. Onse a iwo anaphedwa, koma kuchita zinthu zogwirizana opulumutsidwa onse a anthu ogwira ntchito.

American ndi Soviet zombo Owapulumutsa

Thandizo mavuto Soviet sitima zapamadzi anapereka ku America. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, zombo zawo yomweyo anafika pa malo ngozi. Koma, mosasamala kanthu za chiopsezo cha imfa, zosiyana sanathe amapondereza pempholo chifukwa zinali zosachita kufunsa ndithu kuti chidwi chachikulu America sanali iwo, koma sitima zapamadzi yokha, zonse za chinsinsi pa nthawi zipangizo. Kuthokoza chithandizo cha okonza amalinyero a sitima zapamadzi anakumana ndi wailesi ndi sitima Soviet ochepa ndi umakhala pafupi iwo, ndipo iwo anathamanga kuwapulumutsa.

Momwe zinthu zikusinthira zimasonyeza kuti sitima zapamadzi pansi mphamvu zake sadzatha kusuntha, ndipo ziyenera towed. America kuno nsembe kuthandiza, koma lamulo Soviet anaukana, safuna kusonyeza kuthedwa nzeru zake imeneyi. Kwa masiku angapo otsatira pa K-219 yekha kapitawo wake kuwalamulira, Captain wa wachiwiri udindo I. Britain ndi mamembala a gulu mwadzidzidzi, kuyesera kuzimitsa moto. Ena ogwira anaikidwa kwa akufika ndi nthawi makhoti 'Krasnogvardeisk "ndi" Anatoly Vasilyev. "

Imfa ya nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi K - 219

Zonse anali wokonzeka towing chotengera m'madzi kuti nyanjayi Soviet. ntchito analamulira yonyamula katundu "Krasnogvardeisk" imene gulu ake anali olumikizidwa kwa sitima zapamadzi ndi chingwe wandiweyani. The yopulumutsa adandocoka mmwadiya, kuyambira ndende mu mpweya wa mankhwala kuyaka poizoni kukhala mopambanitsa. Pa bolodi anali mtsogoleri manja asunga m'chombo kuchokera malowedwe zotheka pa iye America.

Imfa ya K-219 kunachitika usiku October 6, 1986, pamene chifukwa chosadziwika, ananyema towline, ndi sitima zapamadzi anayamba kumira mu kuya. I. Britain, ziri pa bolodi mpaka pamapeto, anasamukira m'boti lopulumutsira, koma pamene mafunde anayamba chidzakantha conning nsanja sitima zapamadzi.

zingayambitse imfa

Mabaibulo pa yopuma zimayambitsa towline, pali zingapo. Mosakayikira zambiri zotere kuonedwa ngati malinga ndi zomwe ngozi zinachitika chifukwa wambirimbiri madzi atagonjetsa mkati bwato. N'zotheka ndi American alowererepo, amene kudula chingwe ndi mitengo sitima zankhondo ake kuchita yomweyi.

Koma, akatswiri amanena, angakhale mmodzi kwambiri, zikuoneka chifukwa cha imfa ya K-219. N'zotheka kuti mkulu apitenso pansi, kudula towline. Mfundo kuti atatsala pang'ono kuti anabwera kuchokera Moscow, anthu onsewo kuti abwerere ku cruiser mwadzidzidzi ndi paokha kutsatira yapafupi Soviet doko. Zinali kuti alidi misala, chifukwa, kamodzi mkati sitima zapamadzi, ndi adalira ndithudi anamwalira, poizoni mpweya kapena mlingo amphamvu cheza.

Zotsatira za ulendo omaliza

Kuyambira pamenepo apuma nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi K-219 pansi, pa akuya mamita zikwi zisanu, khumi ndi zisanu nyukiliya ballistic zida nkhokwezi awo. Anapulumutsidwa ndi kutengedwera kwa Havana oyendetsa masiku angapo ndege wapadera ku Moscow. Wa gulu la anthu anayi anaphedwa mu ngozi anayi anaphedwa patapita chifukwa cha walitsa analandira pa bolodi.

Ndipotu zimene zachitika kwa mkulu wa sitima zapamadzi K-219, ndawala otsiriza zimene zinaonetseratu amapha iye, ndipo Mkulu wa akatswiri okonza VN Krasilnikov anali waswa malamulo, amene pafupifupi inatha mawu onse m'ndende kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma, mwamwayi, zinthu zasinthira m'dziko panthawi imeneyo. Pa zotsatira Perestroika yemwenso Minister silikhali wotchedwa Dmitry Yazov analamula kutsekedwa a milandu iwiri. Prisons Motero kuzipewa, koma kwa mkulu Bulu la ngalawa olowa maganizo. The ngozi pa K-219 kutha ntchito yake.